Design of professional career by future experts in the sphere of art and culture

The problem of planning of professional life is discussed by experts in the field of art and culture, experience of application of active forms of education with use of presentation during psychology and pedagogical lessons is described in the article, aspects of efficiency of their realization in training of students of higher education institution are considered, possibilities of application of modern means of presentation in the course of professional formation of future specialist producer are revealed. Problems of design of a professional way of a personality in the context of modern social and economic conditions are complicated by unstable conditions, characterized by social, economic and political changes, prompt transformations in the sphere of values and purposes of personality that predetermines essentially new requirements to psychological structure of the personality which would provide the most effective self-realization and success in professional activity. That means that actual tendencies of process of vocational training of future experts in the sphere of art are ways of application of means of modern technologies in the course of training. We believe that use of active forms of education with use of presentation, and also analysis of perceived phenomena by students will form readiness of future experts of the sphere of art and culture for design of own professional future.peer-reviewe

Problems of Russia’s Integration into the Legal Framework of Europe

In the article the authors examine the issues of legal interaction between Russia and the European Court of Human Rights on the basis of generalization of empirical results obtained during the sociological survey of groups of respondents of different professional backgrounds. The blocks of legislative and law enforcement problems that need to be resolved are highlighted. The conclusion is made about the need to transform and unify the existing Russian legislation and law enforcement practices, relying on the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and the practice of national courts. Legislative proposals and law enforcement recommendations are formulated based on the results of the study. In the article, on the basis of generalization of empirical results obtained during the sociological survey of groups of respondents with different professional backgrounds, the authors examine the issues of Russia’s interaction with the European Court of Human Rights. The blocks of legislative and law enforcement problems that need to be resolved are highlighted. Drawing on the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and the practice of national courts, it is concluded that it is necessary to transform and unify the existing Russian legislation and law enforcement practice. The results of the study formulate legislative proposals and enforcement recommendations.     Keywords: justice, civil proceedings, Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, European Court of Human Rights, law enforcement, case la

CONDITION OF THE ONCOLOGICAL HELP TO THE PATIENT WITH CANCER OF A BLADDER IN KRASNODAR REGION

The dynamic analysis of quality indicators of rendering the special help to the patients with cancer of a bladder (morphological verification, phasic diagnostics, neglect, one-year lethality, preventive detectability and others) in Krasnodar region for the period 2003-2012 is presented in article. Treatment results of 572 patients with cancer of a bladder within 10 years are given here

High frequency polarization switching of a thin ferroelectric film

We consider both experimentally and analytically the transient oscillatory process that arises when a rapid change in voltage is applied to a $Ba_xSr_{1-x}TiO_3$ ferroelectric thin film deposited on an $Mg0$ substrate. High frequency ($\approx 10^{8} rad/s$) polarization oscillations are observed in the ferroelectric sample. These can be understood using a simple field-polarization model. In particular we obtain analytic expressions for the oscillation frequency and the decay time of the polarization fluctuation in terms of the material parameters. These estimations agree well with the experimental results

Micromechanisms of Deformation and Fracture in Porous L-PBF 316l Stainless Steel at Different Strain Rates

The process of an unstable plastic flow associated with the strain rate sensitivity of mechanical properties was studied in porous 316L austenitic steel samples manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Different micromechanisms of deformation and fracture of porous samples dependent on strain rate were found. It was found that despite the porosity, the specimens showed high strength, which increased with the loading rate. Porosity led to lower ductility of the studied specimens, in comparison with literature data for low porous 316L L-PBF samples and resulted in de-localization of plastic deformation. With an increase in strain rate, nucleation of new pores was less pronounced, so that at the highest strain rate of 8 × 10-3s-1, only pore coalescence was ob-served as the dominating microscopic mechanism of ductile fracture. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This work was founded by the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth, grant № 20201144 and Russian State program of Institute of Metal Physics “Additivity” № 121102900049-1

Immunoglobulins and predicted mortality in clinical course of concomitant HIV and TB infection

A search for prognostic markers of HIV and tuberculosis coinfection (HIV/TB), especially in case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis multidrug resistance (MDR MBT) associated with low rates of TB eradication, is of relevance in connection with the problem of choosing adequate anti-TB therapy which is able to decrease mortality. 113 HIV/TB patients aged 24 to 58 years were examined: 70 males and 43 females hospitalized at the Novokuznetsk TB Clinic during the 2017—2019 period. MDR MBT (concomitant resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin) was found in 50 patients (12 patients with MDR MBT had additional resistance to Fluoroquinolones) aged 24 to 54 years — 31 males and 19 females. The control group consisted of 49 healthy individuals aged 27 to 72 years (26 females and 23 males) lacking focal and systemic infections with moderately pronounced age-related changes. In plasma samples, concentration of total (non-specific) immunoglobulins of classes E, M, G, A (including secretory immunoglobulin A, sIgA) were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data statistical processing was performed by using licensed software packages InStatII, Microsoft Excel, IBM SPSS Statistics 22. An extended range of individual variability in count of peripheral blood CD4 lymphocytes was revealed both among non-survivor and survivor patients with HIV/TB examined, being a drawback of using such parameter as lethality predictor. It was found that the serum level of total IgE, IgM, IgG, IgA and sIgA in patients with HIV/ TB was higher than that one in control group, whereas in non-survivor vs. survivor patients the concentration of IgE and sIgA was elevated. The coefficient of disease outcome prediction (CP) for patients with HIV/TB and MDR MBT was calculated being equal to the ratio of the multiplication of serum concentration of IgE, IgM, IgA and secretory IgA to CD4 lymphocyte count (CP = IgE x IgM x IgA x sIgA/CD4). CP higher than 200 was detected in 77% non-survivor and 6% of survivor patients. The relative risk of death with CP > 200 was very high (OR = 56.7, p < 0.0001) being 8.5 times higher than that one upon CD4 < 200 (OR = 6.7, p = 0.0237). A positive correlation between CP and lethal outcome was more valuable than that of CD4. The data presented allow us to propose CP for clinical use as an effective prognostic criterion for HIV/TB with MDR MBT

Nikolai Semashko, the first people's health care system commissar of the RSFSR

The article presents the analysis of scientific, pedagogical and organizational activities N. Semashko, defined his contribution to the development of the national health care system and medical practicesВ статье представлен анализ научной, педагогической и организационной деятельности Н.А. Семашко, определен его вклада в развитие отечественного здравоохранения и медицинской практики

The establishment of the system of health care in the Middle Urals in the 20-30-ies of XX century

The article presents the analysis of the process of formation of the health care system in the middle Urals in the 20-30-ies of XX century, highlighting its features and assessing its historical significance in the transformation of the region.В статье представлен анализ процесса становления системы здравоохранения на Среднем Урале в 20-30-х годах XX века, выделение его особенностей и оценка его исторической значимости в деле преобразования региона

Estradiol-dependent and independent effects of FGF21 in obese female mice

The f ibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) synthesized in the liver, acting as a hormone, increases insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure. FGF21 administration has potent benef icial effects on obesity and diabetes in humans, cynomolgus monkey, and rodents. The therapeutic effects of FGF21 have been studied mainly in males. They are not always manifested in females, and they are accompanied by sex-specif ic activation of gene expression in tissues. We have suggested that one of the causes of sexual dimorphism in response to FGF21 is the effect of estradiol (E2). Currently, it is not known how estradiol modif ies the pharmacological effects of FGF21. The objective of this study was to study the inf luence of FGF21 on metabolic characteristics, food intake, and the expression of carbohydrate and fat metabolism genes in the liver, adipose tissue, and hypothalamus in female mice with alimentary obesity and low (ovariectomy) or high (ovariectomy + E2) blood estradiol level. In ovariectomized (OVX) females, the development of obesity was induced by the consumption of a high sweet-fat diet (standard chow, lard, and cookies) for 8 weeks. We investigated the effects of FGF21 on body weight, blood levels, food preferences and gene expression in tissues when FGF21 was administered separately or in combination with E2 for 13 days. In OVX obese females, FGF21, regardless of E2-treatment, did not affect body weight, and adipose tissue weight, or glucose tolerance but increased the consumption of standard chow, reduced blood glucose levels, and suppressed its own expression in the liver (Fgf21), as well as the expression of the G6pc and Acacα genes. This study is the f irst to show the modif ication of FGF21 effects by estradiol: inhibition of FGF21-inf luence on the expression of Irs2 and Pklr in the liver and potentiation of the FGF21-stimulated expression of Lepr and Klb in the hypothalamus. In addition, when administered together with estradiol, FGF21 exerted an inhibitory effect on the expression of Cpt1α in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT), whereas no stimulating FGF21 effects on the expression of Insr and Acacβ in scWAT or inhibitory FGF21 effect on the plasma insulin level were observed. The results suggest that the absence of FGF21 effects on body and adipose tissue weights in OVX obese females and its benef icial effect on food intake and blood glucose levels are not associated with the action of estradiol. However, estradiol affects the transcriptional effects of FGF21 in the liver, white adipose tissue, and hypothalamus, which may underlie sex differences in the FGF21 effect on the expression of metabolic genes and, possibly, in pharmacological FGF21 effects

ПРОДУКТИВНОЕ ДОЛГОЛЕТИЕ КОРОВ ЧЕРНО-ПЕСТРОЙ ПОРОДЫ В РАЗНЫХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОБЛАСТЯХ УРАЛА

The ecological situation in a particular area has a huge impact on the growth and development of all living organisms. The paper demonstrates a comparative analysis of the productive longevity of Black-and-White cows in the Kurgan and Sverdlovsk regions. It has been established that the yield of cows aged 1-2 lactations at the enterprises of the Kurgan region is 14.8%, and in the Sverdlovsk region - by 20.3% more. The share of cows died within the period from the fifth to the sixth lactation in the Kurgan region exceeds that parameter of the Sverdlovsk region by 18.1%. The most common causes of cow death in the ecological zones are leg diseases (13.9-17.6% of cases). Among the most common reasons for animals death in the Kurgan region are metabolic diseases, low milk productivity, difficult births and complications, osteoarthritis; in the Sverdlovsk region these reasons are seen as diseases of the breast, digestive organs, deficiencies of the exterior. As a result of infectious diseases, the animals in the Kurgan region were eliminated in the amount of 3.0%, and in the Sverdlovsk region they were not eliminated. Cows grown in the Kurgan region with lifelong milk yield of up to 5 thousand kg of milk had an annual milk yield of 2205.0 kg, which is 9.8% higher than in the same group of animals in the Sverdlovsk region. The difference in this case varied from 172.0 to 2821.0 kg of milk per lactation on average.Экологическая обстановка в том или ином районе оказывает огромное влияние на рост и развитие всех живых организмов. Целью работы являлся сравнительный анализ продуктивного долголетия коров черно-пестрой породы в Курганской и Свердловской областях. Установлено, что выбытие коров в возрасте 1–2 лактаций на предприятиях Курганской области составляет 14,8%, в Свердловской области – на 20,3% больше. Удельный вес коров, выбывших в период с пятой по шестую лактации, в Курганской области превосходит данный показатель Свердловской области на 18,1%. Более распространёнными причинами выбытия коров в исследуемых экологических зонах являются заболевания ног (13,9 – 17,6% случаев). Среди часто встречающихся причин выбытия у животных в Курганской области также отмечены заболевания обмена веществ, невысокая молочная продуктивность, трудные роды и осложнения, яловость; в Свердловской области – болезни молочной железы, органов пищеварения, недостатки экстерьера. По причине инфекционных заболеваний животные в Курганской области выбывали в количестве 3,0%, а в Свердловской области не выбывали. Коровы, выращенные в Курганской области, с пожизненным удоем до 5 тыс. кг молока имели показатель годового надоя 2205,0 кг, что на 9,8% больше, чем у животных той же группы в Свердловской области. В остальных группах коров, сформированных по пожизненному удою молока, лидировали животные Свердловской области. Разница в данном случае находилась в пределах от 172,0 до 2821,0 кг молока в среднем за лактацию