337 research outputs found

    Comprehensive assessment of specific antibodies on infectious activity of tick-borne encephalitis virus

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    Vaccines for prophylactic immunization provide the most reliable and effective protection against the vast majority of infectious diseases. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) represents a high-priority medical issue at the territory of the Eurasian continent. Of great importance is assessing a role of distinct antibody titers especially low titers, observed quite often in vaccinated individuals, sometimes posing obstacles in determining a threshold of seropositivity as well as the level of specific protection against TBE virus. We aimed at obtaining data to assess antiviral activity of virus-specific antibodies with distinct titer levels based on the in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experimental studies with a highly virulent Far-Eastern strain of tick-borne encephalitis virus. The in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo comprehensive experimental studies with a highly virulent Far-Eastern strain of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) were conducted and the dynamics of antiviral activity of virus-specific antibodies at variable titers (1:100–1:3200) was measured (timeframe ranged within 1–96 hours p.i.) to provide a rationale for evaluating the antiviral immune response. It was found that the in vitro experiments demonstrated that the IgG at 1:100 titer exerted a weak anti-TBEV neutralizing effect at all time-points examined. The IgG 1:400 titer caused a 2 log PFU/mL decline in TBEV Dal strain yield at 72 h post-infection, whereas at 1:3200 titer it completely suppressed TBEV replication throughout the observation period. The ex vivo experiments with blood serum obtained from vaccinated subjects demonstrating a range of TBEV antibody titers (sera from vaccinated individuals with varying anti-TBEV antibody titers) and in vivo (outinbred white mice) experiments revealed a delayed virus elimination for antibody titers at 1:100 and 1:200 as well as rapid virus elimination (1–2 days p.i.) for antibody titers greater than 1:400. Thus, antibody titer at 1:400 may be considered as the universal anti-TBEV protection threshold. In order to properly conclude regarding the revaccination schedule it is advised to start with testing blood serum for durability of anti-TBEV immune response. Subjects with TBEV antibody titers at 1:100 and 1:200 should be strongly recommended to undergo a mandatory revaccination. Such an approach is believed to be the most effective way toward enhancing efficacy of vaccine-mediated protection against TBE

    Photovoltaic Response of Silicon Wafers Treated in the K2WO4-Na2WO4-WO3Melt

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    Texturing silicon wafers is one way to increase the performance of solar cells. This work is the first to report on the surface modification of Si wafers by processing in polytungstate melts. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and photoelectrochemical measurements were used to elucidate the effect of texturing conditions in the Na2WO4 - K2WO4 (1:1) melt containing 35 or 50 mol% WO3 at 973 K in air. As a result of cathodic treatment in the melt containing 50 mol% WO3 at the potential of -0.92 V (vs Pt) for 15 s, upright pyramids were formed on the Si surface. In addition, inverted pyramids appeared at the OTB/Si contact points. The photocurrent density of these samples was several times higher than that for the initial Si wafer or the Si wafer etched in 5 M NaOH solution at 353 K for 20 min. Mechanisms for the formation of upright and inverted pyramids were proposed. Unusual eight-faceted pyramids were formed on the Si surface during cathodic treatment in the melt containing 35 mol% WO3 at -1.19 V for 15 s, but the photocurrent density of such samples was low. Β© 2021 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS"). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited.This work is performed in the frame of the State Assignment number 075-03-2020-582/1 dated 18.02.2020 (the theme number 0836-2020-0037). This work has been (partly) done using facilities of the Shared Access Center "Composition of Compounds" (IHTE, UB RAS)

    БпСциалистичСская модСль Π² условиях Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ образования

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    Fundamental changes in the Russian economy determined by the increasing role of knowledge, the revolution in information and communication technologies, the formation of the global labor market, as well as political changes, dictate new requirements for professional training. The specialist model, professiogram, qualification characteristic, sociogram of profession, sociogram of professional identity is the view options of the ideal result of students’ training. The key competence is the defining competence because it corresponds to the conditions of implementation, which are neither limited, not too specific, but are to a certain extent universal. The essence of professional competence of a specialist is the integration of knowledge, skills, experience; personal qualities that provide professional development and self-realization of a specialist, i.e. personal opportunities that allow solving professional problems independently and effectively. The perspective direction of improvement of specialists training in professional education system is development of their models giving the chance to study more deeply problems of training and use of experts, to estimate quality of educational institutions work. In recent years, research aimed at developing a specialist model has covered not only the sphere of higher education; they are conducted in the systems of basic and secondary vocational education. One of the main means of rationing and assessing the quality of professional training of students is a competence model that allows getting the clearest information about the composition of competencies that must be formed in the future specialist in the learning process. The analysis of requirements to specialists training, the contents and technologies of educational process, methodology and practice of modern educational activity allows defining a number of principles and methods of formation of specialist model as bases of a component of the Federal State Educational Standard.Los cambios fundamentales en la economΓ­a rusa, determinados por el papel cada vez mayor del conocimiento, la revoluciΓ³n en las tecnologΓ­as de la informaciΓ³n y la comunicaciΓ³n, la formaciΓ³n del mercado laboral mundial, asΓ­ como los cambios polΓ­ticos, dictan nuevos requisitos para la formaciΓ³n profesional. El modelo de especialista, el profesiograma, la caracterΓ­stica de calificaciΓ³n, el sociograma de la profesiΓ³n, el sociograma de la identidad profesional son las opciones de visualizaciΓ³n del resultado ideal de la formaciΓ³n de los estudiantes. La competencia clave es la competencia definitoria porque corresponde a las condiciones de implementaciΓ³n, que no son limitadas, ni demasiado especΓ­ficas, pero en cierta medida son universales. La esencia de la competencia profesional de un especialista es la integraciΓ³n de conocimientos, habilidades, experiencia; cualidades personales que proporcionan desarrollo profesional y autorrealizaciΓ³n de un especialista, es decir, oportunidades personales que permiten resolver problemas profesionales de manera independiente y efectiva. La direcciΓ³n de la perspectiva de mejora de la formaciΓ³n de especialistas en el sistema de educaciΓ³n profesional es el desarrollo de sus modelos que brinden la oportunidad de estudiar mΓ‘s profundamente los problemas de formaciΓ³n y uso de expertos, para estimar la calidad del trabajo de las instituciones educativas. En los ΓΊltimos aΓ±os, la investigaciΓ³n dirigida a desarrollar un modelo especializado ha cubierto no solo el Γ‘mbito de la educaciΓ³n superior; se llevan a cabo en los sistemas de educaciΓ³n vocacional bΓ‘sica y secundaria. Uno de los principales medios para racionar y evaluar la calidad de la formaciΓ³n profesional de los estudiantes es un modelo de competencia que permita obtener la informaciΓ³n mΓ‘s clara sobre la composiciΓ³n de las competencias que deben formarse en el futuro especialista en el proceso de aprendizaje. El anΓ‘lisis de los requisitos para la capacitaciΓ³n de especialistas, los contenidos y las tecnologΓ­as del proceso educativo, la metodologΓ­a y la prΓ‘ctica de la actividad educativa moderna permite definir una serie de principios y mΓ©todos de formaciΓ³n de modelos especializados como bases de un componente del EstΓ‘ndar Educativo del Estado Federal.Π€ΡƒΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния Π² российской экономикС, обусловлСнныС растущСй Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСхнологиях, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ политичСскими измСнСниями, Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ трСбования ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅. МодСль спСциалиста, профСссиограмма, квалификационная характСристика, социограмма профСссии, социограмма ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ идСнтичности - это Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° идСального Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° обучСния студСнтов. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ компСтСнция, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ½Π° соотвСтствуСт условиям Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΈ слишком ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ компСтСнтности спСциалиста - интСграция Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°Π²Ρ‹ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°; Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ качСства, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ спСциалиста, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ возмоТности, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ эффСктивно Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚вования ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ спСциалистов Π² систСмС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ образования являСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ использования спСциалистов, ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ качСство Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ послСдниС Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ исслСдования, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ спСциалиста, ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ сфСру Π²Ρ‹ΡΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ образования; ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ вСдутся Π² систСмах Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ срСднСго ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ образования. Одним ΠΈΠ· основных срСдств нормирования ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ качСства ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ студСнтов являСтся модСль ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ составС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сформированы Ρƒ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ спСциалиста Π² процСссС обучСния. Анализ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ спСциалистов, содСрТания ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ соврСмСнной ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ позволяСт ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ряд ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² формирования ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ спСциалиста ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основы ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ государствСнного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стандарта

    Project of NNbar Experiment at the WWR-M Reactor

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    Supersource of ultracold neutrons on the basis of superfluid helium is under construction in PNPI NRC KI. It must provide UCN density 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than existing sources. For the new source we propose an experiment on search for neutron–antineutron oscillations based on the storage of ultracold neutrons in a material trap. The sensitivity of the experiment mostly depends on the trap size and the amount of UCN in it. The results of simulations of the designed experimental scheme show that the sensitivity can be increased by ∼ 10–40 times compared to sensitivity of previous experiment depending on the model of neutron reflection from walls

    Molecular-cytogenetic analysis of triticale and wheat lines with introgressions of the tribeΒ Triticeae species genetic material

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    There are a number of problems in selection of cultivated cereals associated with the requirements to create forms with resistance to diseases, pests and unfavorable environmental conditions. The genetic diversity of genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses can be increased by means of the gene pool of wild and cultivated wheat relatives. To improve agronomic traits in cereals, we have developed common wheat hybrid lines T. aestivum/ T. durum, T. aestivum/ T. dicoccoides and triticale lines by crossing hexaploid triticale with common wheat forms with the substitution of genome D for the genoΒ­me of diploid Aegilops species. The aim of the study was to identify the lines of common wheat and hexaploid triticale with alien introgression using cytological and molecular-genetic analyses and evaluation of their cytological stability. Comparative analysis of the structure of chromosomes by GISH and FISH methods, microsatellite- and chromosome-specific markers revealed that hybridization of triticale with genome-substitution forms of wheat leads to the reorganization of the genome, including both the introgression of foreign material and wheat chromosome rearrangements, which lead to new combinations of genetic loci. The efficiency of wheat microsatellite markers to characterize of the T. aestivum/ T. durum, T. aestivum/ T. dicoccum interspecific hybrid lines was shown. From 4 to 12 translocations of different lengths from T. durum and T. dicoccum were identified in the chromosomes of A and Π’ genomes in the hybrid lines. Meiotic stability of wheat and triticale hybrids was found. It createsΒ prerequisites for preservation of alien genetic material in subsequent generations

    Palliative care for patients with HIV infection at the hospital experience of the St. Petersburg AIOS Center

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    HIV infection is a long-term current incurable infectious disease characterized by lesions of the immune system and the development of opportunistic infections leading to death of the patient. Within the framework of the priority national project in the health sector is implementing a program to HIV / AIDS in the Russian Federation, as a result of which the number of patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) significantly increased, coverage of medical observation of people with HIV infections has increased. At the same time a significant number of HIV-infected people remain outside the purview of medical institutions and regular medical and psychosocial assistance, that is bringing a growing number of seriously ill patients in need of palliative care. Palliative care service in HIV infection in Saint Petersburg has some experience, it is now increasingly becoming a highly relevant and useful.Π’Π˜Π§-инфСкция являСтся Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ болСзнью, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ оппортунистичСских Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, приводящих ΠΊ Π³ΠΈΠ±Π΅Π»ΠΈ больного. Π’ Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π² сфСрС здравоохранСния рСализуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° противодСйствия эпидСмии Π’Π˜Π§/Π‘ΠŸΠ˜Π”Π° Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ выполнСния ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ возрос ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ диспансСрным наблюдСниСм людСй с Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ число ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ (ВААРВ). Π’ Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ врСмя Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ количСство Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… остаСтся Π²Π½Π΅ поля зрСния мСдицинских ΡƒΡ‡Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅ обСспСчСно рСгулярной мСдицинской ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ…ΠΎΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ, Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ увСличиваСтся число Ρ‚ΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ. Π‘Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ±Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ мСдицинской ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ‚-ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π±ΡƒΡ€Π³Π΅ располагаСт ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π² настоящСС врСмя становится Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π·Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ вострСбованной

    Morphological prerequisites for the formation of fascial duplication in the elimination of damage to the anterior rectal wall during prostatectomy

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    Background Intraoperative rectal injury in prostatectomy patients is an uncommon but severe complication. Particular attention is paid to improving the results of healing damage to the anterior rectal wall during prostatectomy.Objective To study the morphological features of the parietal pelvic fascia and the rectal wall to substantiate the possibility of the formation of fascial duplication in the elimination of damage to the anterior rectal wall during prostatectomy.Material and Methods The authors carried out an intravital morphological analysis of the parietal pelvic fascia covering the levator rectum muscle and the anterior rectal wall in 10 men.Results The parietal pelvic fascia contains more powerful bundles of collagen fibers, which in certain areas are partially woven into the fibers of striated muscle tissue. The adventitia of the rectum is characterized by a looser arrangement of the interacting components of the formed connective and smooth muscle tissue. In the studied formations of the small pelvis, the thickness of collagen fibers separately and in the composition of bundles, as well as the cells of the differon and each fiber separately did not differ, which indicated the identity of their tinctorial properties in the compared zones.Conclusion Morphological analysis showed that when juxtaposing and touching the edges of the healing area of the surgical wound without tension, a stable and continuous scar of the fascial duplication is formed, which ensures reliable fusion of the stitched anatomical structures

    Новая коронавирусная инфСкция (COVID-19) Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ

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    Purpose. Analyze and identify the features of the course of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in HIV-infected patients.Materials and methods. An analysis of the course of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) was carried out in 16 patients with HIV infection who were hospitalized at the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases from April to October 2020. All patients underwent a study of biological material from the oropharynx and nasopharynx for COVID-19 and diagnosed based on a positive PCR result.Results. In HIV-infected patients with diagnosed coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19, signs of progression of HIV infection, clinical, immunological, virological (75%), opportunistic diseases and comorbidities (chronic viral hepatitis in the cirrhotic decompensated stage, cardiovascular diseases and others) (94%). A small sample of patients did not allow to determine with reliable accuracy the mutual influence of existing diseases and pathologies, but, of course, multiple comorbid pathologies play a role in the development of severe conditions and unfavorable outcomes. A clinical case is presented.Conclusion. The provoking factors have been identified that play a role in the development of infection and more severe forms of coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19 in HIV-infected patients (injecting drug use, alcohol abuse, late stage of HIV infection (4B, 4C) and progression of earlier stages (4A ), a low number of CD4 lymphocytes (less than 200 cells / ΞΌl), multiple comorbid pathology (HIV infection, opportunistic diseases, comorbidities, especially chronic liver damage in the stage of decompensated cirrhosis), absence, interrupted antiretroviral therapy, multiple changes of regimens, absence prevention of opportunistic diseases). A patient with HIV infection at ART. 4B with multiple comorbidity, the possibility of long-term persistence of the COVID-19 virus coronavirus with positive and negative results for more than 2 months and later development of lung damage caused by COVID-19 was established.ЦСль: провСсти Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ особСнности тСчСния Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ коронавирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (COVID-19) Ρƒ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ….ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· тСчСния коронавирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (COVID-19) Ρƒ 16 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π½Π° стационарном Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ±Π΅ со Π‘ΠŸΠ˜Π” ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ заболСваниями с апрСля ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ 2020 Π³. ВсСм Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ исслСдованиС биологичСского ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈΠ· Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ- ΠΈ носоглотки Π½Π° COVID-19 ΠΈ поставлСн Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· Π½Π° основании ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° ПЦР.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Π£ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… с диагностированной коронавирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ COVID-19, установлСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ прогрСссирования Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (75%), клиничСскиС, иммунологичСскиС, вирусологичСскиС, оппортунистичСскиС заболСвания ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ патология (хроничСскиС вирусныС Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² цирротичСской дСкомпСнсированной стадии, сСрдСчно-сосудистыС заболСвания ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€.)(94%). Малая Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π° с достовСрной Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ взаимовлияниС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ, бСзусловно, мноТСствСнная коморбидная патология ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ тяТСлых состояний ΠΈ нСблагоприятных исходов. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ клиничСский случай.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ВыявлСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ инфицирования ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ тяТСлых Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ коронавирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ COVID-19 Ρƒ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²: ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ, поздняя стадия Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (4Π‘, 4Π’) ΠΈ прогрСссированиС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ… стадий (4А), Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ количСство CD4-Π»ΠΈΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² (ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 200 ΠΊΠ»/ΠΌΠΊΠ»), мноТСствСнная коморбидная патология (Π’Π˜Π§-инфСкция, оппортунистичСскиС заболСвания, ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ патология, особСнно хроничСскиС пораТСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π² стадии дСкомпСнсированного Ρ†ΠΈΡ€Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π°), отсутствиС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, прСрванная антирСтровирусная тСрапия, мноТСствСнныС смСны схСм, отсутствиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ оппортунистичСских Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ). Π£ больного с Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² стадии 4Π’ с мноТСствСнной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ установлСна Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ пСрсистСнции коронавируса COVID-19 с ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 2 мСсяцСв ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ пораТСния Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ…, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ COVID-19.

    ВлияниС рСактогСнности Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ энцСфалита Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ Ρƒ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… людСй

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    In present review the connection of the reactogenity of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccines not only with high content of the alien proteins, but also with content of the specific antigen for TBE virus was shown. By the example of vaccine Β«Encepur AdultΒ» (Germany), containing neither polygeline and human serum albumin, feebly marked postvaccinal reactions was considered as positive fact, essentially influencing on the activity of the specific immune response.Π’ настоящСм ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° связь рСактогСнности Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ энцСфалита Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ содСрТаниСм Ρ‡ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ с содСрТаниСм спСцифичСского Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π° вируса ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ энцСфалита. На ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅- Ρ€Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ†ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Β«Π­Π½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡƒΡ€ взрослый», Π½Π΅ содСрТащСй ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ чСловСчСского Π°Π»ΡŒΠ±ΡƒΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°, слабо Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π²Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚, сущСствСнно Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ спСцифичС- ского ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π°

    ΠžΠΏΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ заболСвания ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π° ТСния Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ

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    Objective. To study the clinical manifestations of CNS lesionsΒ caused by different factors in patients with HIV diseaseΒ progression.Materials and methods. The study involved 128 ART naΓ―veΒ HIV patients with CD4 cell counts <350 cells/mcL. TheseΒ patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (main group)Β consisted of 63 patients with clinical features of CNS involvementΒ and Group 2 (control group) consisted with 65 patientsΒ without clinical features of CNS involvement (65). We analyzedΒ the data of clinical, laboratory and instrumental parametersΒ and neuropsychiatric status.Results. In the main study group the most commonly diagnosedCNS disorders were HIV encephalitis in 29 casesΒ (46.0%), cerebral toxoplasmosis in 18 cases (28,6%); fungalΒ infection of the CNS in 10 cases (17,2%), HSV infection inΒ 14 cases (22%). In 28,6% of cases CNS lesions were causedΒ by mixed infection. On average, the CSF HIV RNA level in theΒ main group was 13,2 times higher than in the control group.Β The HIV RNA levels were higher in plasma than CSF.Conclusion: We determined the most common causes ofΒ CNS involvement in HIV patients (HIV, toxoplasmosis, fungalΒ infections, HSV). This study shows the feasibility of CSFΒ testing for HIV RNA load and opportunistic infections in HIVΒ patients with advanced immunosuppression.ЦСль. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ клиничСских проявлСний ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΒ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈΒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ прогрСссирования Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ОбслСдовано 128 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…Β Ρ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ с ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ количСства Π‘D4-Π»ΠΈΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² < 350 ΠΊΠ»/ΠΌΠΊΠ», Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π² назначСнии антирСтровирусной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹: основная – ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ пораТСния Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы (63 Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°), ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ – бСз клиничСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² пораТСния Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ нСрвной систСмы (65 Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ). ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ клиничСскиС,Β Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ, Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований, психонСврологичСский статус.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Π’ структурС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉΒ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Ρƒ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Β Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ часто Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ диагностированы ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ заболСвания: Π’Π˜Π§-энцСфалит (29 случаСв – 46,0%); токсоплазмоз Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (18–28,6%); Π³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (10–17,2%), гСрпСсвирусныС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (14–22%). Π’ 28,6% случаСв пораТСния вызваны микст-инфСкциями. Π£ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² основной Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ количСство РНК Π’Π˜Π§ Π² спинномозговой Тидкости в 13,2 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹.Β ΠšΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ РНК Π’Π˜Π§ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² спинномозговой Тидкости.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. УстановлСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΒ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (Π’Π˜Π§, токсоплазмоз, ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ‹, гСрпСс-вирусы). Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ цСлСсообразности провСдСния исслСдований спинномозговой Тидкости Π½Π° Π’Π˜Π§, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· числа оппортунистичСских ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρƒ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ иммуносупрСссиСй
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