Employment management policies in single-industry towns in the light of existing issues of precarious employment

Purpose: The article aims to study the precarious employment in single-industry towns and to assess the effectiveness of government measures aimed at reducing it and ensuring the protection of economic and social rights of workers. Design/Methodology/Approach: It was revealed that the transition to an information-digital society, which continues to be formatted at the junction of changes in communication technologies and the motivation of employment behavior, has significantly changed the labor market in Russia. There was a massive introduction of non-standard forms of employment, which has not only positive effects, but also negative risks that are most acute in single-industry towns. To minimize these risks, it is necessary to find mechanisms to increase the economic and social security of workers with flexible employment. Findings: The paper proposes to develop an employment management policy in single-industry towns regarding the precarious employment and include measures of solving the issues related to self-employment of the population. Practical Implications: The practical results of the study can be used to develop assumptions for regional authorities to reduce precarious employment in single-industry towns. Originality / Value: The main contribution of this study is that single-industry cities should reduce inefficient “social employment” by creating highly efficient jobs and developing self-employmenpeer-reviewe

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В РОССИИ: ЗАТЯЖНАЯ РЕГРЕССИЯ ИЛИ ДВИЖЕНИЕ ВПЕРЕД

The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of educational reforms in advanced economies and in Russia so performed differently at various instances and to identify positive and negative trends in the system of Russian education based on the results of moving to a two-tiered system of education. Research methodology: the article presents a description of the methods of theoretical research (analysis, synthesis, generalization), expressed in the consistency of the conceptual apparatus, the relationship of concepts and basic principles, ensuring the relationship between functional theoretical principles based on the reform of the Russian education system, and empirical methods (observation, measurement), providing research results based on the realities of modern reality. The systematic approach is analyzed for a qualitative study of the processes and phenomena occurring in the Russian education system, aimed at solving the following problems of professional education: development of theoretical concepts based on system principles; educational process management; substantiation of the consistency of conclusions and proposals characterizing the processes of education. Results: annually forecast the need for staffing in territorial planning, introduce a correlation in the recruitment for higher and secondary vocational education programs, revive the training system for workers and restore the prestige of secondary vocational education.  El objetivo del estudio es realizar un análisis comparativo de las reformas educativas en países con economías desarrolladas y en Rusia, llevado a cabo de manera diferente en diferentes casos, e identificar tendencias positivas y negativas en el sistema educativo ruso en función de los resultados de la transición a un sistema educativo de dos niveles. Metodología de la investigación: el artículo describe los métodos de investigación teórica (análisis, síntesis, generalización), expresados ​​en la consistencia del aparato conceptual, la relación de conceptos y principios básicos que aseguran la interconexión de los principios teórico funcionales basados ​​en la reforma. Sistema educativo ruso y métodos empíricos (observación, medición) que proporcionan resultados de investigación basados ​​en las realidades de la realidad moderna. Se utiliza un enfoque sistemático para un estudio cualitativo de los procesos y fenómenos que ocurren en el sistema educativo ruso, con el objetivo de resolver las siguientes tareas de la educación profesional: desarrollo de conceptos teóricos basados ​​en principios del sistema; gestión de procesos educativos; fundamentación de la consistencia de conclusiones y sugerencias que caracterizan los procesos de aprendizaje. Resultados: pronostica anualmente la necesidad de personal en la planificación territorial, introduce correlación en el reclutamiento para programas de educación vocacional superior y secundaria, revive el sistema de capacitación para trabajadores y restablece el prestigio de la educación vocacional secundaria.Цель исследования – провести сравнительный анализ образовательных реформ в странах с развитой экономикой и в России, проведенных по-разному в разных случаях, и выявить положительные и отрицательные тенденции в системе российского образования на основе результатов перехода к двухуровневой системе образования. Методология исследования: в статье представлено описание методов теоретического исследования (анализа, синтеза, обобщения), выраженных в согласованности концептуального аппарата, взаимосвязи концепций и базовых принципов, обеспечивающих взаимосвязь функционально-теоретических принципов на основе реформирования. российской системы образования и эмпирические методы (наблюдение, измерение), обеспечивающие результаты исследований, основанные на реалиях современной реальности. Системный подход используется для качественного изучения процессов и явлений, происходящих в российской системе образования, направленных на решение следующих задач профессионального образования: разработка теоретических концепций на основе системных принципов; управление учебным процессом; обоснование согласованности выводов и предложений, характеризующих процессы обучения. Результаты: ежегодно прогнозировать потребность в кадрах в территориальном планировании, вводить корреляцию при наборе на программы высшего и среднего профессионального образования, возрождать систему подготовки рабочих и восстанавливать престиж среднего профессионального образования

Электровелосипеды в городской среде: перспективы и ограничения применения в мегаполисах

The development of a transport system that meets both the requirements of residents to ensure mobility while maintaining the ecology of the city, and the requirements of a business that needs an efficient logistics system is a topical task for most megalopolises. Moscow, being no exception, is making significant efforts to develop the city’s transport system, using both traditional methods of increasing the capacity of roads and developing the city’s infrastructure to use bicycle transport, which can reduce the load on the city’s public transport and positively affect the city’s economy and ecology. Recently, electric vehicles of individual use began to appear on the streets of the city: electric bicycles, electric scooters, etc.The objective of the research is to consider problems and assess the prospects for using individual electric vehicles in megalopolises, at the example of Moscow, for both recreational and utilitarian purposes. The study used as research methods the analysis of the experience of development of these vehicles abroad, including in the urban transport system, and the analysis of the regulatory aspects of the use of electric bikes to determine the main areas that need to be taken into account when using electric bikes in the urban environment.The authors also evaluate the possibilities of their use, considering categories of goods and the features of routing. The conclusion is drawn on the large existing potential of the use of electric bicycles as of an instrument of urban logistics, and on the advantages of electric bicycles as of an alternative urban transportmode.Развитие транспортной системы, отвечающей как требованиям жителей по обеспечению мобильности при сохранении экологии города, так и требованиям бизнеса, нуждающегося в эффективной логистической системе – актуальная задача большинства мегаполисов. Москва, не являясь исключением, прикладывает значительные усилиядля развития транспортной системы города, используя как традиционные методы увеличения пропускной способности автодорог, так и развивая городскую  инфраструктуру для использования велотранспорта, способного снизить нагрузку на общественный транспорт города и повлиять на экономику и экологию города. В последнее время на улицах города стал появляться электротранспорт индивидуального  использования: электровелосипеды, электросамокаты.Целью статьи является рассмотрение проблем и оценка перспектив применения в мегаполисах, на примере Москвы индивидуального электротранспорта как с  рекреационными, так и утилитарными целями. В качестве методов исследования  используется анализ опыта развития данных транспортных средств за рубежом, в том числе в городской транспортной системе, анализ нормативно-правовых аспектов  использования электровелосипедов для определения основных направлений, требующих учёта при активном использовании электровелосипедов в городской среде.Авторы проводят оценку возможностей их использования с учётом категорий грузов и  особенностей маршрутизации. Делается вывод о потенциале использования электровелосипедов в качестве инструмента городской логистики, а также выделяются  преимущества электровелосипедов как альтернативного городского транспорта

Хімія

The book presents the material for the study of fundamental discipline "Chemistry" in the undergraduate course. The manual provides concise theoretical material and includes many laboratory works. For the students of specialty "Oil, gas and condensate" and specialty "Management and administration of companies, trade and exchange activities". The book can be used during training of foreign students.Навчальний посібник складено для вивчення фундаментальної дисципліни "Хімія" в курсі бакалаврату. У посібнику стисло наведено теоретичний матеріал, є багато лабораторних робіт. Розраховано на студентів спеціальності "Добування нафти, газу та конденсату" і спеціальності "Управління та адміністрування підприємств, торгова та біржова діяльність". Оскільки посібник викладено англійською мовою, він може використовуватись у ході навчання студентів-іноземців

КОНЦЕПЦІЯ МОБІЛЬНОЇ ЛАБОРАТОРІЇ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ ОЦІНКИ ТА ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЙ

The concept of elaboration of mobile laboratories of integrated assessment and forecasting of emergency situations was developed. They provide operational radiation control in routine and emergency situations, remote and contact monitoring of concentration of harmful chemical contaminants in the atmosphere, soil, water, food, forage, etc. High technology equipment in theselaboratories enables to carry out assessment of the integral man-made and natural risks, to anticipate arising and development of emergency situations promptly, to forecast development and implementation of priority measures, to mitigate and eliminate potential effects of accidents and disasters.Розроблена концепція зі створення мобільних лабораторій комплексної оцінки та прогнозування надзвичайних ситуацій, які забезпечать оперативний радіаційний контроль в штатних і аварійних ситуаціях, дистанційний і контактний контроль концентрацій шкідливих хімічних домішок в атмосфері, ґрунті, воді, продуктах харчування, кормах та ін. Наукомістка апаратура таких лабораторій дає можливість проводити інтегральну оцінку техногенних і природних ризиків, прогнозувати виникнення та розвиток надзвичайних ситуацій, оперативно здійснювати розробку і впровадження першочергових заходів з ліквідації та пом'якшення можливих наслідків аварій і катастроф

The malignant hyperthermia – a clinical case

The purpose of the study is to discuss the features of the course of malignant hyperthermia on the example of a clinical case. The object of the study. The study of clinical and laboratory features of the manifestation of malignant hyperthermia on the example of a clinical case in a child.Цель исследования — изучение клинико-лабораторных особенностей проявления злокачественной гипертермии на примере клинического случая у ребенка

Cucurbituril-based Supramolecular complexes with platinum compounds influence on expression of CTLA-4 on Regulatory T cells

Tumors are a leading pathology in the population. Chemotherapy cannot provide adequately and effectively to cure patients. Some medicine, such as cytostatic, are characterized by a wide range of side effects and resistance of solid tumors to chemotherapy by these medicines. In recent research, the mechanisms of action of cytotoxic agents have been described, and the most appropriate causes of resistance have been suggested. Drug delivery system based on Cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) was used to minimize side effects and overcome resistance. CB[7] has ability to form host-guest supramolecular complexes with oxaliplatin and carboplatin.It is important to consider the immune system maintain to a great role, and platinum compounds are able to have an immunomodulatory effect on immunocompetent cells. There is convincing evidence about the cytotoxic response against tumor cells is also associated with immunomodulating properties. A specific immune microenvironment with high frequency of suppressor cells is made by tumors. FoxP3+ regulatory T cells are recruited by the tumor, an increased number of these cells and expression levels of CTLA-4 and PD-1 on them contribute to the progression of the tumor process. These markers correlate with recurrence and poor survival of the patients. Therefore, it is necessary that antitumor therapy agents have an effect on a subpopulation of regulatory T cells and their functional activity. This study evaluated the effects of cucurbit[7] uril, platinum compounds, and supramolecular complexes on FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules.In this study peripheral blood cells from volunteers (n = 8, average 29.0±2.4) were used. Mononuclear cells obtained in the standard protocol were incubated for 72 h at concentrations of 0.3 and 0.1 mM for carboplatin and oxaliplatin, respectively, as well as complexes and CB[7] in equivalent dosages. Next, the samples were labeled with monoclonal antibodies to determine the phenotype and expression of immune checkpoint molecules by flow cytometry.We obtained the following results: The CB[7]-carboplatin complex in stimulated and non-stimulated cultures significantly reduced the number of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells compared to the control. At the same time, carboplatin and the CB[7]-carboplatin complex reduced the expression of CTLA-4 in an non-stimulated culture compared to CB[7].Complexes of Cucurbit[7]urils with platinum compounds are a perspective antitumor agent with immunomodulatory properties

Replacement Selenium Therapy in Acute Cerebral Damage

The current literature covers the role of selenium in metabolic processes and the importance of correcting its level in various diseases and critical conditions, including acute cerebral damage due to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Numerous experimental animal studies have demonstrated that selenium has protective properties and blocks the mechanisms of apoptosis, and is involved in maintaining the functional activity of neurons and inhibits astrogliosis. The study of the selenium content in the blood of patients with acute cerebral damage due to severe TBI and sepsis with verified SAE, and the development of schemes of replacement selenium therapy will improve outcomes, both in increasing survival and in reducing the resuscitation bed-day and the number of neurological deficits in the future

EFFECT OF THERMOMAGNETIC TREATMENT ON ANISOTROPY OF HYSTERESIS PROPERTIES OF Ni THIN FILMS

The effect on magnetic properties of competitive types of anisotropy - a structural anisotropy and a magnetoelastic anisotropy has been observed in thin nickel-based films. In this work analysis was carried out to the observed complex magnetic anisotropy depending on a thermomagnetic treatment.Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ, проект FEUZ 2023 -0020

Diagnostics of Central and Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction in Patients with Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy

This chapter is devoted to monitoring of central and autonomic nervous system (ANS) in patients with verified sepsis to recognize the specific functional and anatomic changes in the brain and its important autonomic centers which is named sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Fluctuation of conscience level from agitation to delirium and coma, muscle tone, and severity of pain syndrome is evaluated with different scales (SOFA, SAPS II, RASS, CAM-ICU, FOUR, PBSS, BPS, MRC, MAS, CNS). Multimodal neuromonitoring includes EEG, EPs, ENMG, cerebral oxymetry, saturation in the bulb of the jugular vein, TCD, and neuroimaging (MRI, PET). Dysfunction of autonomic brainstem structures is detected with variational cardiointervalometry, pupillometry, thermometry (peripheral and central), photoplethysmography assessment of perfusion index, quantitative assessment of muscle strength on the MRC scale and MAS, and diagnostics of the severity of the PSH syndrome. Monitoring data help clinicians to make decisions on SAE patient management tactics