The First VERITAS Telescope

The first atmospheric Cherenkov telescope of VERITAS (the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System) has been in operation since February 2005. We present here a technical description of the instrument and a summary of its performance. The calibration methods are described, along with the results of Monte Carlo simulations of the telescope and comparisons between real and simulated data. The analysis of TeV $\gamma$-ray observations of the Crab Nebula, including the reconstructed energy spectrum, is shown to give results consistent with earlier measurements. The telescope is operating as expected and has met or exceeded all design specifications.Comment: Accepted by Astroparticle Physic

How patients understand depression associated with chronic physical disease - A systematic review

Background: Clinicians are encouraged to screen people with chronic physical illness for depression. Screening alone may not improve outcomes, especially if the process is incompatible with patient beliefs. The aim of this research is to understand peoples beliefs about depression, particularly in the presence of chronic physical disease. Methods: A mixed method systematic review involving a thematic analysis of qualitative studies and quantitative studies of beliefs held by people with current depressive symptoms. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PSYCHINFO, CINAHL, BIOSIS, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, UKCRN portfolio, National Research Register Archive, Clinicaltrials.gov and OpenSIGLE were searched from database inception to 31st December 2010. A narrative synthesis of qualitative and quantitative data, based initially upon illness representations and extended to include other themes not compatible with that framework. Results: A range of clinically relevant beliefs was identified from 65 studies including the difficulty in labeling depression, complex causal factors instead of the biological model, the roles of different treatments and negative views about the consequences of depression. We found other important themes less related to ideas about illness: the existence of a self-sustaining depression spiral; depression as an existential state; the ambiguous status of suicidal thinking; and the role of stigma and blame in depression. Conclusions: Approaches to detection of depression in physical illness need to be receptive to the range of beliefs held by patients. Patient beliefs have implications for engagement with depression screening

Azide, water and adipate as bridging ligands for Cu(II) Synthesis, structure and magnetism of (μ4-adipato-κ-O)(μ-aqua)(μ-azido-κN1,N1)copper(II) monohydrate

International audienceThe synthesis, characterization, single crystal structure and magnetic properties of the compound [(CuN3(OH2))2(adp)]n (1) are presented, in which adp stands for the adipate(2-) anion. This compound consists of layers containing chains of six-coordinated Cu(II) ions; the chains are connected by μ4-adipate anions. The magnetically interesting part of the compound is the Cu(II) chain, built from 3 bridging ligands, i.e. a water ligand, an azide anionic ligand bridging by using a terminal N atom to connect 2 Cu(II) ions, and one symmetrically bridging carboxylato group of adipate; the other end of the tetradentate adipate anions symmetrically connect the chains, forming the layers. From the magnetic point of view the compound is considered as a Cu(II) chain with a quite unusual, symmetrical water bridge, the μ-syn-syn carboxylate and the μ-N3 bridge. The bridging water also hydrogen bonds to a terminal N of a nearby azido ligand. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show that 1 presents moderate ferromagnetic intrachain interactions (Jchain = +38.4 cm-1) with a metamagnetic behaviour for the inter-chain interaction with a critical field of 0.7 T. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd

Dihydrooxazolones and dihydroimidazolones derived from acylglycines: syntheses, molecular structures and supramolecular assembly

Syntheses and structures are described for some alkylidene-substituted dihydrooxazolones and dihydroimidazoles derived from simple acylglycines. A second, triclinic, polymorph of 4-benzylidene-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one, C17H13NO2, (I), has been identified and the structure of 2-methyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one, C9H7NO2S, (II), has been rerefined taking into account the orientational disorder of the thienyl group in each of the two independent molecules. The reactions of phenylhydrazine with 2-phenyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one or 2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one yield, respectively, 3-anilino-2-phenyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one, C10H15N3OS, (III), and 3-anilino-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one, C21H17N3OS, (IV), which both exhibit orientational disorder in their thienyl groups. The reactions of 2-phenyl-4(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one with hydrazine hydrate or with water yield, respectively, N-3-hydrazinyl-3-oxo-1-(thiophen-2-yl) prop-1en-2-yl] benzamide and 2-(benzoylamino)-3-(thiophen-2-yl) prop-2-enoic acid, which in turn react, respectively, with thiophene-2-carbaldehyde to form 2-phenyl-5-(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]-3-{(E)-(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene]amino}-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one, C19H13N3OS2, (V), which exhibits orientational disorder in only one of its thienyl groups, and with methanol to give methyl (2Z)-2-(benzoylamino)-3-(thiophen-2-yl) prop-2-enoate, C15H13NO3S, (VI). There are no direction-specific intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure of the triclinic polymorph of (I), but the molecules of (II) are linked by two independent C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds to form C-2(2)(14) chains. Compounds (III) and (IV) both form centrosymmetric R-2(2)(10) dimers built from N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds, while compound (V) forms a centrosymmetric R-2(2)(10) dimer built from C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds. In the structure of compound (VI), a combination of N-H center dot center dot center dot O and C-H center dot center dot center dot pi (arene) hydrogen bonds links the molecules into sheets. Comparisons are made with some similar compounds