Comparison of lyciasalamandra atifi (basoglu, 1967) (urodela: Salamandridae) populations with description of three new subspecies from Antalya Province

We compared the isolated populations of Lyciasalamandra atifi, (Basoglu, 1967) a salamander endemic to the historic Lycia region of Turkey, that is found across a range from Antalya/Selge (Altinkaya) to Antalya/Gazipasa. Along this distance, we determined eight isolated populations (Selge, Fersin, Dikmen, Guzelbag, Turbelinaz, Gundogmus, Cebireis, Gazipasa) in 2013 and used morphology and serology to compare them. The collected specimens were registered under the ZMADYU (Zoology Museum of Adiyaman University), and a total of 237 (59 >>, 96 ++, 82 juv.) specimens were studied. As a result of our research, three new subspecies are described: Lyciasalamandra atifi godmanni n. ssp. from Selge, Lyciasalamandra atifi veithi n. ssp. from Dikmen and Lyciasalamandra atifi kunti n. ssp. from Guzelbag. Except Cebireis (L. a. bayrami) and Gazipasa (L. a. oezi) populations, the other isolated populations were incorporated in the nominat subspecies due to morphological and serological similarities. © South west J Hortic Biol Environ

MULTI-OBJECTIVE PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION OF THE K-TYPE SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER (CASE STUDY)

This paper investigated optimization of two objectives function include the total amount of heat transfer between two mediums and the total cost of shell and tube heat exchanger. The study was carried out for k-type heat exchanger of the cryogenic unit of gas condensates by multiple objective particle swarm optimization. Six decision variables including pipe pitch ratio, pipe diameter, pipe number, pipe length, baffle cut ratio, and baffle distance ratio were taking into account to conduct this simulation-based research. The results of mathematical modeling confirmed the actual results (data collected from the evaporator unit of the Tehran refinery’s absorption chiller). The optimization results revealed that the two objective functions of heat transfer rate and the total cost were in contradiction with each other. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that with change in the pitch ratio from 1.25 to 2, the amount of heat transfer was reduced from 420 to 390 kW about 7.8%. Moreover, these variations caused reduction in cost function from 24,500 to 23,500 $, less than 1$ to 24500$ about 22%. © 2021. All rights reserved

An additional population of Lyciasalamandra atifi veithi (Urodela: Salamandridae)

A new population of Lyciasalamandra atifi is presented from Ürünlü village, Ibradı district, based on fieldwork conducted in March 2015. After morphological and statistical investigation we conclude that the Ürünlü population has a morphology similar to that of Lyciasalamandra atifi veithi from Dikmen village, Akseki district. We also uncover the Manavgat river locality that could not be confirmed by previous studies. © Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2018

Mountain vipers in central-eastern turkey: Huge range extensions for four taxa reshape decades of misleading perspectives

2-s2.0-85084982255—Turkey harbors a high diversity of viperid snakes, many with a high threat level on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, yet perception about even basic topics, such as distributions and conservation statuses, remain poor. We initiated a multi-year project 7 y ago to compensate these shortcomings and present herein dramatically improved information on the status of mountain vipers of central-eastern Anatolia (Asian Turkey): Bolkar Viper (Montivipera b. bulgardaghica), Albizona Viper (M. b. albizona), Wagner’s Viper (M. wagneri), and partly Ottoman Viper (M. xanthina). The data originate from our fieldwork and a comprehensive search of all records available, including information from literature, online resources, locals, and herpetological experts. This resulted in 51 new localities, complemented by 36 published records, which were refined with new information, including four corrected/removed records and two records that were combined with new records due to their proximity. We summarized all records with precise information in a supplemented list of 85 localities, which is compared to current literature and the range maps available on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the global standard reference for consultation on range maps and conservation status of species. Consequently, we report on large range extension of > 100 km in all four mountain viper taxa, increase the extent of occurrence for each viper taxon 4–8 times, reduce the distribution gaps between all pairs of parapatric, related, and ecologically similar mountain vipers, and discuss taxa delimitation, putative contact zones and conservation aspects. © 2020. Konrad Mebert.Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund: 13057971, 150510677, 160513040, 170516395, 2017/18Acknowledgments.—We dedicate this article to our beloved and esteemed co-author, contributor and collaborator, Dr. Bayram Göçmen, who passed away during the final steps of this study. Field work permits focusing on vipers (permission numbers 20210, 183897 and 101792) were issued by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks. This work was partly supported by the Wilhelm Peters Fund 2013 administered by the main body of the German Herpetological Society, respectively, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Herpetologie und Terrarienkunde (DGHT), and also DGHT-Zürich, Switzerland, the JCE private funding, and in particular the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, project nos. 13057971 (2014), 150510677 (2015), 160513040 (2016), 170516395 (2017/18). The authors thank Şevket Gültekin, Adem Adakul, Mücahit Çakmak, Çağatay Altin, Mehmet Akif Bozkurt, Burhan Sarikaya, Thomas Ott, Murat Özel, Mert Elverici, Mahmut Aydoğdu, Özer Camci, and Osman Özkan for their assistance during our field surveys. We also thank all the persons providing valuable material, such as photos and locality information, which are explicitly named for their respective provisions in the locality list and figures.We dedicate this article to our beloved and esteemed co-author, contributor and collaborator, Dr. Bayram G??men, who passed away during the final steps of this study. Field work permits focusing on vipers (permission numbers 20210, 183897 and 101792) were issued by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks. This work was partly supported by the Wilhelm Peters Fund 2013 administered by the main body of the German Herpetological Society, respectively, Deutsche Gesellschaft f?r Herpetologie und Terrarienkunde (DGHT), and also DGHT-Z?rich, Switzerland, the JCE private funding, and in particular the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, project nos. 13057971 (2014), 150510677 (2015), 160513040 (2016), 170516395 (2017/18). The authors thank ?evket G?ltekin, Adem Adakul, M?cahit ?akmak, ?a?atay Altin, Mehmet Akif Bozkurt, Burhan Sarikaya, Thomas Ott, Murat ?zel, Mert Elverici, Mahmut Aydo?du, ?zer Camci, and Osman ?zkan for their assistance during our field surveys. We also thank all the persons providing valuable material, such as photos and locality information, which are explicitly named for their respective provisions in the locality list and figures

Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of GSTA1 and GSTP1 isoenzymes before and after treatment of Trx and L-NAME in experimental hepatic ischemia/reperfusion model

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) causes formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in tissues, in response to which injured cells improve a number of defense mechanisms including Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs). The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of GSTA1 and GSTP1 following Thioredoxin (Trx) and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) treatment in a rat model of hepatic I/R model. A total of 50 Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups: sham (n = 10), control (I/R) (n = 10), Trx (n = 10), L-NAME (n = 10), and Trx+L-NAME (n = 10). With an exception to those in sham group, all rats were subjected to a hepatic ischemia process for an hour and then subsequent reperfusion. GSTA1 and GSTP1 expressions in the liver tissues were determined by immunohistochemical method. The GSTA1 expression was absent in sham group while varying degrees of expression occurred in other groups. The GSTA1 expression was significantly higher in Trx/L-NAME group compared to other groups (p 0.05). As a result, we think that GSTA1 expression may have increased in response to I/R as a part of the liver oxygen radical scavenging process

Environmental temperatures shape thermal physiology as well as diversification and genome-wide substitution rates in lizards

Climatic conditions changing over time and space shape the evolution of organisms at multiple levels, including temperate lizards in the family Lacertidae. Here we reconstruct a dated phylogenetic tree of 262 lacertid species based on a supermatrix relying on novel phylogenomic datasets and fossil calibrations. Diversification of lacertids was accompanied by an increasing disparity among occupied bioclimatic niches, especially in the last 10 Ma, during a period of progressive global cooling. Temperate species also underwent a genome-wide slowdown in molecular substitution rates compared to tropical and desert-adapted lacertids. Evaporative water loss and preferred temperature are correlated with bioclimatic parameters, indicating physiological adaptations to climate. Tropical, but also some populations of cool-adapted species experience maximum temperatures close to their preferred temperatures. We hypothesize these species-specific physiological preferences may constitute a handicap to prevail under rapid global warming, and contribute to explaining local lizard extinctions in cool and humid climates. © 2019, The Author(s)