Lesion environments direct transplanted neural progenitors towards a wound repair astroglial phenotype in mice.

Neural progenitor cells (NPC) represent potential cell transplantation therapies for CNS injuries. To understand how lesion environments influence transplanted NPC fate in vivo, we derived NPC expressing a ribosomal protein-hemagglutinin tag (RiboTag) for transcriptional profiling of transplanted NPC. Here, we show that NPC grafted into uninjured mouse CNS generate cells that are transcriptionally similar to healthy astrocytes and oligodendrocyte lineages. In striking contrast, NPC transplanted into subacute CNS lesions after stroke or spinal cord injury in mice generate cells that share transcriptional, morphological and functional features with newly proliferated host astroglia that restrict inflammation and fibrosis and isolate lesions from adjacent viable neural tissue. Our findings reveal overlapping differentiation potentials of grafted NPC and proliferating host astrocytes; and show that in the absence of other interventions, non-cell autonomous cues in subacute CNS lesions direct the differentiation of grafted NPC towards a naturally occurring wound repair astroglial phenotype

3D Chromatin Architecture, BRD4, and Mediator Have Distinct Roles in Regulating Genome-Wide Transcriptional Bursting and Gene Network

Discontinuous transcription is evolutionarily conserved and a fundamental feature of gene regulation; yet, the exact mechanisms underlying transcriptional bursting are unresolved. Analyses of bursting transcriptome-wide have focused on the role of cis-regulatory elements, but other factors that regulate this process remain elusive. We applied mathematical modeling to single-cell RNA sequencing data to infer bursting dynamics transcriptome-wide under multiple conditions to identify possible molecular mechanisms. We found that Mediator complex subunit 26 (MED26) primarily regulates frequency, MYC regulates burst size, while cohesin and Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) can modulate both. Despite comparable effects on RNA levels among these perturbations, acute depletion of MED26 had the most profound impact on the entire gene regulatory network, acting downstream of chromatin spatial architecture and without affecting TATA box-binding protein (TBP) recruitment. These results indicate that later steps in the initiation of transcriptional bursts are primary nodes for integrating gene networks in single cells

Internationalization of the curriculum through student-led climate change teaching activity

Internationalization of the curriculum is important in today\u27s globalized environment, with the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of complex issues, such as climate change, requiring students to think beyond their disciplinary and cultural boundaries. Here we introduce a novel cross-discipline and cross-country activity with the overall goal to expose students to an international environmental problem (climate change) that requires an awareness of different perspectives, so as to contribute to their development of responsible global citizenship through internationalization of the curriculum. Students studying in Australia and the United States of America completed an anonymous survey on their climate change perceptions, and then the students discussed the results via a live video link. The survey results provided the catalyst for students to reflect on the ecological impact of their different lifestyles. The students could demonstrate their critical thinking skills and develop cross disciplinary thinking by exploring the vexed issue of climate change science, perceptions, and culture. Overall, the survey was simple to implement and the tutorial was successful despite the different time zones. Our activity achieved the broader goal of internationalization of student learning and enhanced our students\u27 ability to view problems from different angles and helped foster boundary-crossing skills

Incidence of Hospital Acquired Thrombosis (HAT) in a tertiary care hospital

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. In spite of guidelines, VTE prophylaxis continues to be underutilised, and hospital acquired thrombosis (HAT) continues to be a problem. This study was conducted to estimate the incidence of HAT in a tertiary referral centre and to examine whether VTE risk assessment and thromboprophylaxis (TP) were implemented. Patients 18 years and above, with a radiologically-confirmed acute VTE during the study period of 15 weeks were included. Acute VTE was diagnosed in 100 patients and HAT was diagnosed in 48. There were 12,024 admissions over the study period, therefore the incidence of HAT was 0.4%. TP was prescribed in only 35% of patients, and 65% did not receive any or appropriate TP. Hospitals without active implementation of a formal risk assessment tool and TP policy are likely to continue to have increased incidence of HAT

La región extremeña : diario republicano: Año XL Número 525 - 1903 septiembre 17

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 200

Spirituality in Higher Education: Autoethnographies

Roben Torosyan is a contributing co-author (with Eileen O\u27Shea, Tracey Robert and Betsy Bowen), Spirituality & Professional Collegiality: Espirit de \u27Core\u27 , Chapter 5. Book description: This collection of articles explores how a wide range of academics-- diverse in location, rank and discipline-- understand and express how they deal with spirituality in their professional lives and how they integrate spirituality in teaching, research, administration, and advising. The contributors also analyze the culture of academia and its challenges to the spiritual development of those involved. Twenty chapter authors--from a variety of faith traditions--discuss the ways in which their own beliefs have affected their journeys through higher education. By using an autoethnographic, self-analytical lens, this collection shows how various spiritualities have influenced how higher education is understood, taught and performed. The book will stimulate debate and conversations on a topic traditionally ignored in academia.- Publisher descriptionhttps://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/cae-books/1000/thumbnail.jp

Spirituality in Higher Education: autoethnographies

Eileen R. O\u27Shea is a contributing co-author (with Roben Torosyan, Tracey Robert and Betsy Bowen), Spirituality & Professional Collegiality: Espirit de \u27Core\u27 , Chapter 5, pp. 87-107. Book description: This collection of articles explores how a wide range of academics-- diverse in location, rank and discipline-- understand and express how they deal with spirituality in their professional lives and how they integrate spirituality in teaching, research, administration, and advising. The contributors also analyze the culture of academia and its challenges to the spiritual development of those involved. Twenty chapter authors--from a variety of faith traditions--discuss the ways in which their own beliefs have affected their journeys through higher education. By using an autoethnographic, self-analytical lens, this collection shows how various spiritualities have influenced how higher education is understood, taught and performed. The book will stimulate debate and conversations on a topic traditionally ignored in academia.- Publisher descriptionhttps://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/nursing-books/1004/thumbnail.jp

Spirituality in Higher Education: autoethnographies

Eileen R. O\u27Shea is a contributing co-author (with Roben Torosyan, Tracey Robert and Betsy Bowen), Spirituality & Professional Collegiality: Espirit de \u27Core\u27 , Chapter 5, pp. 87-107. Book description: This collection of articles explores how a wide range of academics-- diverse in location, rank and discipline-- understand and express how they deal with spirituality in their professional lives and how they integrate spirituality in teaching, research, administration, and advising. The contributors also analyze the culture of academia and its challenges to the spiritual development of those involved. Twenty chapter authors--from a variety of faith traditions--discuss the ways in which their own beliefs have affected their journeys through higher education. By using an autoethnographic, self-analytical lens, this collection shows how various spiritualities have influenced how higher education is understood, taught and performed. The book will stimulate debate and conversations on a topic traditionally ignored in academia.- Publisher descriptionhttps://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/nursing-books/1004/thumbnail.jp

Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure on Behavior During the Early Postnatal Period

Offspring of Sprague-Dawley dams injected SC with 40 mg/kg/3 cc cocaine HCl daily from gestational days 8–20, pair-fed dams injected with the vehicle alone and nontreated control dams were examined behaviorally during the early postnatal period. No significant differences were observed among the treatment conditions in maternal weight gain during pregnancy, duration of pregnancy, or number of live male and female pups/litter. Offspring body weights at birth and weaning, physical maturation and reflex development were not significantly affected by prenatal cocaine exposure. In contrast, neonates exposed prenatally to cocaine were observed to exhibit significant deficits in learning of an odor/milk association that nontreated offspring learned and retained for a 24 hr period. On postnatal day 12, cocaine offspring exhibited an increase in locomotor activity and attenuated wall climbing precipitated by footshock, in the absence of any alteration in sensitivity to footshock. Given that wall climbing has been previously shown to be strongly related to levels of catecholamine activity at this age, these data suggest the possibility that there may be some attenuation in catecholaminergic function in pups exposed gestationally to cocaine. The results of this study provide evidence that prenatal cocaine exposure may have an impact upon behavioral and cognitive function even during the early postnatal period. More work is needed to fully characterize the range of alterations observed and the neural mechanisms underlying these early exposure effects