30 research outputs found

    Terveyden lukutaidon lisÀÀminen suun terveydestÀ sekÀ sen yhteydestÀ yleisterveyteen : tietotesti työikÀiselle sydÀnpotilaalle

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    Suun terveydellĂ€ sekĂ€ sydĂ€n- ja verisuonisairauksilla on todettu olevan yhteys. TĂ€mĂ€ tutkimuksiin perustava tieto oli lĂ€htökohtana opinnĂ€ytetyöllemme. Työmme kuuluu osaksi ”TyöikĂ€isen sydĂ€npotilaan ja hĂ€nen perheensĂ€ sekĂ€ hoidonantajan ohjaaminen”-hanketta. Yhteistyökumppaneina työssĂ€mme ovat olleet Helsingin Yliopistollisen Keskussairaalan (HYKS) medisiinisen tulosyksikön Kardiologian klinikka, Operatiivisen tulosyksikön SydĂ€n- ja Thoraxkirurgian klinikka, Helsingin sydĂ€npiiri ry sekĂ€ Uudenmaan sydĂ€npiiri ry. OpinnĂ€ytetyömme tavoitteena oli työikĂ€isten sydĂ€npotilaiden terveyden lukutaidon lisÀÀminen suun terveydestĂ€, sen hoidosta, yleisimmistĂ€ suun sairauksista ja nĂ€iden yhteydestĂ€ yleisterveyteen. Tarkoituksenamme oli luoda internetiin SydĂ€nliiton sivuille tietotesti edellĂ€ mainituista asioista. Työmme teoreettinen viitekehys koostuu luotettavista tutkimuksista sekĂ€ alan kirjallisuudesta. Työmme sisĂ€ltöÀ ja ulkoasua on hiottu seminaareissa sekĂ€ ohjaustuokioissa yhdessĂ€ ohjaajien, työelĂ€mĂ€n edustajien sekĂ€ luokkatoveriemme kanssa. OpinnĂ€ytetyömme tuotoksena oli tietotesti, joka julkaistiin SydĂ€nliiton verkkosivuilla. Testi koostuu 16 kysymyksestĂ€, jotka kĂ€sittelevĂ€t työmme aihealuetta kattavasti. Testasimme testiĂ€mme Uudenmaan sydĂ€npiiri ry:n kahdeksalla sepelvaltimotautia sairastavalla työikĂ€isellĂ€ potilaalla, joilta saimme arvokasta palautetta. Palautteen avulla hioimme testin julkaisuasua. Olemme myös kirjoittaneet alamme julkaisuun artikkelin opinnĂ€ytetyömme prosessista ja tuotoksesta. Työmme aihe nousi työelĂ€mĂ€stĂ€ ja koimme tuotoksemme ajankohtaiseksi sekĂ€ tarpeelliseksi. Tuotoksemme on helposti kĂ€ytettĂ€vissĂ€ verkossa ja uskomme työikĂ€isten sydĂ€npotilaiden löytĂ€vĂ€n sen. Toivomme testimme herĂ€ttĂ€vĂ€n mielenkiintoa suun terveyttĂ€ ja yleisterveyttĂ€ kohtaan sekĂ€ olevan hyödyksi mahdollisimman monelle. Jatkossa testiĂ€mme voisi kehittÀÀ eteenpĂ€in kattamalla myös muita sairauksia, kuten diabetes.Studies have proven that oral health and cardiovascular diseases have a connection. This research-based knowledge was the fundamental starting point when we began our work to build this thesis, which is a part of the “Guiding of a working aged patient with cardiovascular disease, his family and nursing staff” project. The partners in our work were the Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH) and local Heart Associations. Our study’s main goal was to increase the oral health literacy rate among working aged patients with cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, we aimed to increase awareness towards the treatment available, the most common oral diseases and their relation to general health. The objective of this study was to create a questionnaire addressing the aforementioned subjects, which would appear on the Heart Association's websites. The theoretical framework of our work consists of research and literature related to the subject. The content and design of our work has been refined through seminars and participating in discussion seminars with tutors, representatives from working life and classmates. Our study's output was a questionnaire, which was released on the Heart Association's websites. The test consists of 16 questions about cleaning the mouth, oral diseases and the connection between oral health and general health. The topic of our work came from work life experiences and they felt that the topic was current and necessary. In the future, the questionnaire can be expanded to include other diseases such as diabetes. We hope that our work will benefit many people and raise interest and knowledge about oral hygiene

    PMS2 expression decrease causes severe problems in mismatch repair

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    PMS2 is one of the four susceptibility genes in Lynch syndrome (LS), the most common cancer syndrome in the world. Inherited mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6, account for approximately 90% of LS, while a relatively small number of LS families segregate a PMS2 mutation. This and the low cancer penetrance in PMS2 families suggest that PMS2 is only a moderate or low-risk susceptibility gene. We have previously shown that even a partial expression decrease in MLH1, MSH2, or MSH6 suggests that heterozygous LS mutation carriers have MMR malfunction in constitutive tissues. Whether and how PMS2 expression decrease affects the repair capability is not known. Here, we show that PMS2 knockdown cells retaining 19%, 33%, or 53% of PMS2 expression all have significantly reduced MMR efficiency. Surprisingly, the cells retaining expression levels comparable to PMS2 mutation carriers indicate the lowest repair efficiency.Peer reviewe

    DNA hypermethylation appears early and shows increased frequency with dysplasia in Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal adenomas and carcinomas

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    Abstract Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is associated with germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. The first “hit” to inactivate one allele of the predisposing MMR gene is present in every cell, contributing to accelerated tumorigenesis. Less information is available of the nature, timing, and order of other molecular “hits” required for tumor development. To this end, MMR protein expression and coordinated promoter methylation were examined in colorectal specimens prospectively collected from LS mutation carriers (n = 55) during colonoscopy surveillance (10/2011–5/2013), supplemented with retrospective specimens. Results Loss of MMR protein corresponding to the gene mutated in the germline increased with dysplasia, with frequency of 0 % in normal mucosa, 50–68 % in low-grade dysplasia adenomas, and 100 % in high-grade dysplasia adenomas and carcinomas. Promoter methylation as a putative “second hit” occurred in 1/56 (2 %) of tumors with silenced MMR protein. A general hypermethylation tendency was evaluated by two gene sets, eight CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) genes, and seven candidate tumor suppressor genes linked to colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Hypermethylation followed the same trend as MMR protein loss and was present in some low-grade dysplasia adenomas that still expressed MMR protein suggesting the absence of a “second hit.” To assess prospectively collected normal mucosa for carcinogenic “fields,” the specimen donors were stratified according to age at biopsy (50 years or below vs. above 50 years) and further according to the absence vs. presence of a (previous or concurrent) diagnosis of CRC. In mutation carriers over 50 years old, two markers from the candidate gene panel (SFRP1 and SLC5A8) revealed a significantly elevated average degree of methylation in individuals with CRC diagnosis vs. those without. Conclusions Our findings emphasize the importance and early appearance of epigenetic alterations in LS-associated tumorigenesis. The results serve early detection and assessment of progression of CRC

    Hiki, Àhky ja loikka - Osallistujien pedagogisia mietteitÀ ja ideoita hankkeen varrelta

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    DIGIJOUJOU-hankkeessa työskennelleet opettajat ovat hankkeen toimintavuosien 2017-2019 aikana pohtineet opetuksen ja oppimisen digitaalisuutta ja joustavuutta eri näkökulmista: mitä digitaalisuus ja joustavuus suomen ja ruotsin opiskelussa tarkoittaa, miten soveltaa, lisätä ja kehittää digitaalisuutta ja joustavuutta omassa opetuksessa ja opiskelijoiden oppimisessa. Hankelaisten blogikirjoituksissa näemme askeleita opettajien omasta ja yhdessä muiden kanssa oppimisesta hankkeen edetessä; epävarmuus muuttuu varmuudeksi, ajoittainen digiähky oman asiantuntijuuden kasvuksi ja joustavuus osaksi opettajan arkipedagogiikkaa. Antoisia ja inspiroivia lukuhetkiä! LisĂ€tietoa: https://digijoujou.aalto.fi/Lärarna i DIGIJOUJOU-projektet har under projektets verksamhetsår 2017-2019 reflekterat över digitalisering och exibilitet från olika perspektiv; vad betyder digitalisering och exibilitet i lärandet av finska och svenska, hur ska man implementera, öka och utveckla dessa i den egna undervisningen och i hur studerande lär sig finska och svenska. I projektdeltagarnas bloginlägg får vi inblick i hur allas lärandeprocess i projektet framskrider; osäkerhet utvecklas till säkerhet, digikaoset får ordning och exibilitet blir en del av den egna sakkunnigheten och pedagogiken. Med önskan om givande och inspirerande läsning! Mer information: https://digijoujou.aalto.fi

    Yksilö ja kyberturvallisuus

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    Tavoitteena tÀssÀ opinnÀytetyössÀ oli tunnistaa ja löytÀÀ inhimilliset tekijÀt, joilla on merkittÀvin vaikutus kyberturvallisuuteen. LisÀksi tavoitteena oli herÀtellÀ lukijaa tunnistamaan omia toimiaan, jotka aiheuttavat riskejÀ verkossa toimittaessa. OpinnÀytetyössÀ selvitettiin, mitkÀ kyberuhat tÀllÀ hetkellÀ uhkaavat kÀyttÀjiÀ, tietovuotojen merkitystÀ talouteen, inhimillisten tekijöiden ominaisuuksia ja pohdittiin, mitÀ ratkaisuja ja uhkia tulevaisuudessa kohtaamme kyberturvallisuuden saralla. Tutkimuksen perusteella havaittiin, ettÀ yksilö on avainasemassa taistelussa kyberuhkia vastaan. Yksilön pyrkiessÀ huolehtimaan omien tietojensa ja laitteidensa turvallisuudesta, edistÀÀ hÀn samalla myös kansallista turvallisuutta. OpinnÀytetyö voi toimia ohjeena henkilöille, jotka ovat kiinnostuneita minimoimaan riskejÀ verkossa toimiessaan.The goal of this thesis was to identify and discover the human factors that have the most significant impact on cybersecurity. In addition, the aim was to awaken the reader to identify their own actions that pose risks when operating online. The thesis examined which cyber threats currently threaten users, the significance of data leaks in the economy, the characteristics of human factors and considered what solutions and threats we will face in the future in the field of cyber security. The study found that the individual plays a key role in the fight against cyber threats. As an individual strives to ensure the security of their own data and equipment, they also contribute to national security. The thesis can serve as a guideline for individuals who are interested in minimizing risk when operating online

    What counts as success?:Constructions of achievement in prestigious higher education programmes

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    Academic achievement is regarded an indicator of the success of individuals, schools, universities and countries. ‘Success’ is typically measured using performance indicators such as test results, completion rates and other objective measures. By contrast, in this article we explore students’ subjective understandings and constructions of success, and discourses about ‘successful’ students in higher education contexts that are renowned for being demanding and pressured. We draw on data from 87 semi-structured interviews with students and staff on law, medicine and engineering physics programmes in a prestigious university in Sweden. We focus particularly upon academic expectations, effort levels, and programme structures and cultures. Achieving top grades while undertaking a range of extracurricular activities was valorised in all contexts. Top grades were especially impressive if they were attained without much effort (especially in engineering physics) or stress (especially in law and medicine); we introduce a new concept of ‘stress-less achievement’ in relation to the latter. Furthermore, being sociable as well as a high academic achiever signified living a ‘good life’ and, in law and medicine, professional competence. We discuss the implications of the dominant constructions of success, concluding that (upper) middle-class men are most likely to be read as ‘successful students’, especially in engineering physics
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