Analisis Kualitas Briket Campuran Arang Bonggol Jagung dan Daun Jati

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas briket dari campuran arang limbah bonggol jagung dan daun jati. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan membuat sebuah pproduk briket dan meganalisis kualitas produk briket yangdihasilkan dari nilai kadar air, kadar karbon, kadar volatile dan kalor. Variasi komposisi briketcampuran arang bonggol jagung dan daun jati 1:1, 2:1, 1:2 dengan persentase perekat tepung kanji5%, 10%, 15%. Hasilnya, Sampel yang memiliki kualitas bagus dari segi nilai kalor dan kadar abuadalah sampel C dengan kalor 7222,708 kal/g; kadar abu 3,13%, hanya saja kadar air 5,39% dankadar volatile 25,89%. Tetapi jika dilihat dari standar SNI kadar air, kadar abu, dan kalor sampel Ctelah memenuhi standar, sedangkan volatile sampel C masih melebihi batas maksimal yang ditetapkanSNI. &nbsp

PENINGKATAN COLLABORATION SKILLS DALAM KEGIATAN PRAKTIKUM FISIKA DASAR MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI TEKNOLOGI PANGAN UNU PURWOKERTO

The purpose of this research was to observe the student’s collaboration of food technology department in 2019 through basic physics practicum. The research method used classroom action research which was divided into four parts, that is planning, action, observation, and reflection. This research was done into four groups and accompanied by each observer. They had to take responsibility to observe the collaboration skill of each student in the group. The results of this research showed that the collaboration skill increased in every part. Group one of the first part showed a result of 45% with moderate success criteria, it increased in the second part to 51.11% (moderate), it increased in the third part to 76.67% (high), and it increased in the fourth part to 92.78% with very high success criteria. So it happened in group two, group three, and group four. Group two of the first part showed a result of 42.22% (moderate), in the second part to 51.117% (moderate), in the third part to 71.67% (high) and in the fourth part to 90% (very high). Group three of the first part showed a result of 46% (moderate), in the second part to 52.67 (moderate), in the third part to 79.33% (high), and in the fourth part to 92.67% (very high). Group four of the first part showed a result of 39.33% (low), in the second part to 56% (moderate), in the third part to 82.67% (very high), in the fourth to 92% (very high)

Analisis Perbandingan Kualitas Briket Arang Bonggol Jagung dengan Arang Daun Jati

AbstraCT[Comparative Analysis of the Quality of Corn Charcoal Briquettes with Teak Leaves Charcoal] This study is a preliminary study that aims to determine the quality of briquettes from different biomass raw materials, namely corncobs and teak leaves. Utilization which is still not maximized from corncobs and teak leaves in the biomass energy field made the initial thought of the study. In addition, both of these raw materials have lignocellulosic contents which are likely to be used as biomass raw materials, especially briquettes. The research method used is an experiment with the research procedure is the manufacture of the two briquettes then the products are analyzed and compared. Both of these raw materials receive the same treatment in the manufacturing process. The composition of the adhesive used is 5% of the main ingredient. The adhesive used is starch. Both briquettes were tested for quality including water content, ash content, volatility, and heating value. The results of testing the water content, ash content, volatile content, the calorific value of corn cobs briquettes and teak leaves charcoal briquettes are, respectively, 3.62% and 5.39% water content; ash content of 4.84% and 3.14%; volatile content of 11.75% and 25.86%; The heating value is 5653.99 cal / g and 7222.95 cal / g. From the results of the analysis, teak leaf charcoal briquettes dominate better quality than corn cobs charcoal briquettes, the water content of teak leaf charcoal briquettes is still higher. When compared with the SNI set value, the two briquettes have met the briquette standards that are suitable to be used as substitutes for alternative fuels.Keywords: Briquette quality; Corn cobs; teak leaves. (Received August 14, 2019; Accepted October 5, 2019; Published October 22, 2019) AbstrakPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas briket dari bahan baku biomassa yang berbeda yaitu bonggol jagung dan daun jati. Pemanfaatan yang masih belum maksimal dari bonggol jagung dan daun jati di bidang energi biomassa menjadikan pemikiran awal penelitian. Selain  itu, kedua bahan baku ini mempunyai kandungan ligniselulosa yang berpeluang untuk dijadikan bahan baku biomassa khususnya briket. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan prosedur penelitiannya adalah pembuatan kedua briket kemudian produknya dianalisis dan dibandingkan. Kedua bahan baku ini mendapat perlakuan sama dalam proses pembuatannya. Komposisi perekat yang digunakan sebesar 5% dari bahan utama. Perekat yang digunakan adalah tepung kanji. Kedua briket diuji kualitasnya meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, volatile, dan nilai kalor. Adapun hasil pengujian kadar air, kadar abu, kandungan volatile, nilai kalor dari briket arang bonggol jagung dan briket arang daun jati berturut-turut yaitu, kadar air 3,62% dan 5,39%; kadar abu 4,84% dan 3,14%; kandungan volatile 11,75% dan 25,86%; Nilai kalor 5653,99 kal/g dan 7222,95 kal/g. Dari hasil analisis tersebut, briket arang daun jati mendominasi kualitas yang lebih bagus dibanding dengan briket arang bonggol jagung, kelemahannya kadar air briket arang daun jati masih lebih tinggi. Jika dibandingkan dengan nilai yang telah ditetapkan SNI, kedua briket tersebut telah memenuhi standar briket yang layak digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar alternatif. Kata kunci: Kualitas briket; bonggol jagung; daun jati

Estimation of Shelf Life of Pegagan Tea (Centella asiatica (L) Urban) using Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) Method with Arrhenius Model

This research aimed to evaluate the shelf life of pegagan (Centella asiatica (L) Urban) tea using the Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) method by applying the Arrhenius Model since its widely known for its various health benefits, including its ability to enhance cognitive function and exhibit antioxidant effects. The ASLT method was employed to accelerate the chemical and physical changes in the product, thereby enabling a shorter estimation of shelf life compared to conventional methods. In this research, samples of pegagan tea were packaged in paper sacks, aluminum foil, and vacuum-sealed plastic and stored at temperatures of 15, 30, and 45 °C for 28 days, with observations conducted every 7 days. The Arrhenius Model was utilized to predict the rate of chemical reactions in the product, taking into account the temperature's influence on these changes. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 5% confidence level. If the ANOVA results showed significant differences, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was further conducted. The results of the observations indicated that storage temperature and packaging type significantly influenced the yield value and pH value, but had no significant effect on the moisture content of pegagan tea. The estimated shelf life of pegagan tea for 28 days using paper sack packaging at temperatures of 15, 30, and 45 °C was 173, 616, and 195 days, respectively. For aluminum foil packaging, the estimated shelf life was 189, 661, and 205 days at the same temperatures. As for vacuum-sealed plastic packaging, the estimated shelf life was 551, 192, and 597 days at the respective temperatures. The findings of this research are expected to provide valuable information for manufacturers and consumers regarding the shelf life of pegagan Tea. Additionally, the research aims to offer a scientific basis for appropriate packaging and storage practices to better maintain the product's quality

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Model Susan Loucks-Horsley untuk Meningkatkan Scientific Literacy dan Menumbuhkan Meta Knowledge Peserta Didik SMP

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (a) menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran IPA berbasis model Susan Loucks-Horsley yang layak, dan (b) efektifitas perangkat pembelajaran IPA berbasis model Susan Loucks-Horsley terhadap scientific literacy dan meta knowledge peserta didik tingkat SMP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan mengacu pada model yang dikembangkan Borg & Gall. Prosedur penelitian meliputi:(1) tahap studi pendahuluan, (2) desain produk, (3) validasi, (4) uji coba dan revisi produk hingga menghasilkan produk akhir. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta sejumlah 29-32 orang/kelas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, pedoman wawancara, lembar validasi perangkat pembelajaran, angket sikap ilmiah dan spiritual, angket keterbacaan, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Model Susan Loucks Horsley, lembar observasi aspek komunikasi, lembar observasi aspek kolaborasi, dan tes (pretest dan posttest). Saran dari para validator juga menjadi dasar perbaikan perangkat pembelajaran sebelum melanjutkan pada uji coba berikutnya. Hasil penelitian terhadap perangkat pembelajatan IPA yang dikembangkan secara umum mendapatkan kriteria kelayakan A dengan rata-rata percentage agreement oleh dosen ahli dan guru IPA hasil adalah 99,01% dan 99,07%. Untuk aspek communication dan collaboration skills peserta didik mengalami peningkatan pada setiap pertemuannya. Rata-rata hasil ketercapaian aspek communication skills secara berturut-turut adalah 17,81; 20,22; dan 22,25. Sedangkan untuk aspek collaboration skills rata-rata hasil ketercapaiannya adalah 24,25 ; 25,97; dan 27,06. Perangkat pembelajaran IPA berbasis model Susan Loucks-Horsley layak digunakan untuk meningkatkan scientific literacy peserta didik dilihat dari skor rata-rata yang diperoleh pada saat pretest 58,75 dan posttest 90,63. Gain skor yang diperoleh 31,88 dan gain ternormalisasi diperoleh 0,77 dengan kriteria peningkatannya berkategori ‘’tinggi’’. Hasil nilai Sig (2-tailed) 0,000 < 0,05 dengan uji Independent-Sample T-Test yang berarti bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran IPA berbasis model Susan Loucks-Horsley memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap scientific literacypeserta didik