Genetic Inconsistency in Paternity Investigation

DNA fingerprint is one of forensic identification method and has high accuracy. However, genetic inconsistency such as STR mutation in paternity testing may give complexity to the analysis and resolution of the investigation of the case. This study was aimed to analyze the presence of genetic inconsistency or mutation of DNA marker in paternity test cases which came to Department of Forensic Medicine, Dr. Sardjito Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Totally 58 cases were analyzed from DNA testing cases from 2008 to 2016. Dried bloodstain samples were collected on FTA card after informed-consent and DNA extraction was done directly from FTA card. Amplification was done using commercially available kits and genotyping using ABI Prism 3500 for minimum 15 loci of STR, which are D8S1179, D21S11 CSF1PO, D7S820, D13S317, THO1, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA. As results, there was a single mutation of STR repeats at FGA and D12S391 loci. The mutation at D12S391 locusis a loss of a single repeat of paternal allele. However, at FGA locus is unknown either loss or gain neither repeats nor occurred in paternal or maternal allele. In conclusion, a single repeat mutation was observed at FGA and D12S391 loci. Keywords: maternal, mutation, paternal allele, paternity test, ST

Strategi Pembelajaran Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik pada Tahap Akademik Program Studi Pendidikan Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada Melalui Modul “Transportation Injury” Blok Elektif

Tujuan: Mencari strategi untuk memberikan pembelajaran materi Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik yang menjadi terbatas penyampaiannya dalam tahap akademik. Sesuai dengan kurikulum yang telah ditetapkan di program studi Pendidikan Kedokteran FK-KMK, hanya sebagian kecil dari materi kedokteran forensik yang termasuk dalam blok-blok yang ada. Sebagian besar materi diberikan pada tahap profesi. Hal ini menjadikan beban  bagi kami saat  rotasi klinik, karena terbatasnya priorknowledge mahasiswa. Metode:  mengusulkan suatu modul tentang kedokteran forensik yang menarik untuk  ditawarkan sebagai salah satu modul dalam blok elektif pada tahun ke-4. Pendanaan penyusunan modul diperoleh melalui hibah pembelajaran yang ditawarkan bagi dosen FK-KMK UGM. Hasil : telah disusun modul berjudul “Transportation Injury” yang ditawarkan pada semester genap tahun 2020. Seluruh kuota penuh dipilih oleh mahasiswa baik kelas reguler maupuh internasional. Modul ini juga menghadirkan narasumber Professor Yasuhiro Ueno, Ph.D, dari Departemen of Kegal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Japan, sebagai mitra kerjasama. Kesimpulan: Keterbatasan materi ilmu kedokteran Forensik pada tahap akademik Program Studi Pendidikan Kedokteran dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan inovasi menarik melalui  penyusunan modul pada blok elektif

Strategi Pembelajaran Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik pada Tahap Akademik Program Studi Pendidikan Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada Melalui Modul “Transportation Injury” Blok Elektif

Tujuan: Mencari strategi untuk memberikan pembelajaran materi Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik yang menjadi terbatas penyampaiannya dalam tahap akademik. Sesuai dengan kurikulum yang telah ditetapkan di program studi Pendidikan Kedokteran FK-KMK, hanya sebagian kecil dari materi kedokteran forensik yang termasuk dalam blok-blok yang ada. Sebagian besar materi diberikan pada tahap profesi. Hal ini menjadikan beban  bagi kami saat  rotasi klinik, karena terbatasnya priorknowledge mahasiswa. Metode:  mengusulkan suatu modul tentang kedokteran forensik yang menarik untuk  ditawarkan sebagai salah satu modul dalam blok elektif pada tahun ke-4. Pendanaan penyusunan modul diperoleh melalui hibah pembelajaran yang ditawarkan bagi dosen FK-KMK UGM. Hasil : telah disusun modul berjudul “Transportation Injury” yang ditawarkan pada semester genap tahun 2020. Seluruh kuota penuh dipilih oleh mahasiswa baik kelas reguler maupuh internasional. Modul ini juga menghadirkan narasumber Professor Yasuhiro Ueno, Ph.D, dari Departemen of Kegal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Japan, sebagai mitra kerjasama. Kesimpulan: Keterbatasan materi ilmu kedokteran Forensik pada tahap akademik Program Studi Pendidikan Kedokteran dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan inovasi menarik melalui  penyusunan modul pada blok elektif

The Correlation of Cyp2e1 Genetic Polymorphism on Alcohol Drinking Habits in Papuan Ethnicity

Alcohol abuse is associated with genetic factors and is influenced by certain races and ethnicities. CYP2E1, which works on the endoplasmic reticulum, produces an enzyme that plays a significant role in alcohol metabolism. In relation to it, this study aims to identify the polymorphisms of CYP2E1*5B and CYP2E1*6 genes in alcohol drinkers of Papuan Ethnics. A total of 39 Papuans were analyzed for alcohol drinking habits. Alcohol drinkers were found to be 29 people (74.4%), and 10 people (25.6%) were non-drinkers. The drinkers mainly were late teenagers (89,7%) and males (69,2%). The CYP2E1*5B genotypes were c1/c1 as 94.9% and c1/c2 as 5.1%. Meanwhile, the CYP2E1*6 T/T genotypes were 56.4%, and T/A genotypes were 43.6%. The odd ratio for CYP2E1*5B were 18,5 and 7,7 for CYP2E1*6. p0,05 for CYP2E1*5B and CYP2E1*6 gene polymorphisms for alcohol drinking behavior in the form of frequency, duration, type, and volume of alcohol consumed. Furthermore, c1/c1 and c1/c2 genotype polymorphisms were in CYP2E1*5B; T/T and T/A genotypes were in CYP2E1*6 of Papuan ethnic at Yogyakarta. In conclusion, genotype c1/c1 had 18,5 times of the possibility of being alcoholic drinkers, and genotype T/T had 7,7 times of the possibility of being alcoholic drinkers in Papuan ethnic. It indicated that the type of genotype statistically did not significantly affect alcohol drinking behavior on the subject

The analysis of cell damage of liver and kidney among alcoholics in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Alcohol tends to disrupt the organs function of human body, even can cause serious and chronic damage. In Indonesia, the data on cell damage taken from organs including the livers and kidneys among alcoholics are still practically unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the differences of organs’ cell disturbance between alcoholics and non-alcoholics in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A crosssectional study was conducted among 197 people in Yogyakarta, including 96 alcoholics and 101 non-alcoholics. The material of the study was taken from venous blood samples. A kinetic photometric test was conducted to obtain data on blood-chemical markers’ value of livers (SGOT, SGPT, and GGT), and kidneys (BUN and serum creatinine). The data werethen analyzed by Chi square test.From a total of 96 alcoholics, 83.6% are males and 16.4% are females who consumed alcohol for an average of 16 years, with 51.6% routinely consuming it daily. The kind of alcohol they consumed was single-brand (59.8%). Based on 25th percentile (GGT), on 50th percentile (SGOT, GGT), and on 75th percentile (SGPT, GGT), the alcoholics had higher proportion value of liver marker disturbance than non-alcoholics which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Based on the 50th and 75th percentiles, the alcoholics also had higher proportion value on kidney marker (BUN) damage than non-alcoholics which was statistically significant (p<0.05). There were significant differences in GFR values between males and females (p<0.05), males had kidney cell damage 7.9 times more than females. There was no significant difference in the value of GFR between alcoholics and non-alcoholics. In conclusion, the alcoholics hassignificantly higher proportion value of blood-chemical markers than that non-alcoholics. The GFR values between males and females are also significantly different, and males had kidney cell damage 7.9 times more than that of females

Analysis of Enzyme Activity of Alcohol Dehydrogenase and Alcohol Dehydrogenase 3 (ADH3) Gene Polymorphism of Alcoholics and Non-Alcoholics in Indonesia

Alcohol is an addictive substance that is often misused worldwide, including in Indonesia. Ninety percent of the alcohol that enters the body will be metabolized in the liver using the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzyme. It is important to determine the activity of ADH enzyme and ADH3 gene polymorphism on alcoholics and non-alcoholics in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The aim of the study is  to determine ADH activity and identify ADH3 gene polymorphism of alcoholics and non-alcoholics in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design method. Blood samples were taken from 71 Javanese alcoholics and 71 non-alcoholics of Javanese descent in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The participants were initially requested to sign an informed consent form. Examination of ADH enzyme activity used the spectrophotometry method and ADH3 gene polymorphism was assessed with PCR-RFLP using Ssp I restriction enzyme. The activity of ADH enzyme in all individuals appeared to be a slower type. The average of the ethanol value of alcoholics and non-alcoholics were 0.05554 mM and 0.0758 mM respectively. Gene type of alcoholics were ADH3*2(75.4%), ADH3*1/3*2(21.5%), and ADH3*1(3.1%), and non-alcoholics were ADH3*2(88.6%), ADH3*1/3*2(10.0%), and ADH3*1(1.4%). There were no significant differences between the activity of ADH with polymorphism of ADH3 gene in either alcoholics and non-alcoholics (p>0,05). Conclusion: The activity of ADH enzyme in all participants appeared to be a slower type. Most of the ADH3 gene polymorphism of alcoholics and non-alcoholics were both ADH3*2 (75.4% and 88.6%). There was no differences of ADH enzyme activity with ADH3 gene polymorphism between alcoholics and non-alcoholics of Javanese population in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Uji Diagnostik Penentuan Jenis Kelamin Metode Pemeriksaan Drumstick Neutrofil Dibandingkan dengan Metode Pemeriksaan Amelogenin Dna (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

The procedural and cost need for drumstick neutrophyl test as we know is more simple and cheap just than amelogenin DNA test. A few researches show the function of drumstick neutrophyl test and amelogenin DNA test forgender determination especially for live human. But still now there is no researches explain the validity of drumstick neutrophyl test than amelogenin gen by DNA-PCR to determine someone's gender.This research isto find out the validity of live human's gender determination, between drumstick neutrophyl test method and amelogenin DNA test method. This research used diagnostic test, with expected sensitifity is 90%. Twenty six blood sample which appropriate with the criteria was analyzed by drumstick neutrophyl test method and amelogenin DNA test method for their gender determination.Statistical analysis was done by two twice two table to determine sensitivity, spesificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio. The sensitifity of drumstick neutrophyl test method than amelogenin DNA test method is 83,33%, the spesifity is 71,43%, the positive predictive value is 71,43%, the negative predictive value is 83,33%, positive likelihood ratio is 2,9167, and the negative likelihood ratio is 0,233375

Hazard identification, risk assesment and risk control serta penerapan risk mapping pada rumah sakit hewan Prof. Soeparwi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Hazard identification, risk assesment and risk control and the application of risk mapping at Hospital of the Animal Prof. Soeparwi Universitas Gadjah Mada Purpose: This research was held to analyze the work accident using HIRARC method and the applied of Risk Mapping at the hospital of the animal of Prof. Soeparwi Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta.Method: This research used descriptive qualitative research method. The qualitative method used to describe the condition, assess, and to recognize the work accident analysis. The data used was grabbed from Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) method and questionnaire.Results: Hazard identification used HIRARC method at the hospital of the animal of Prof. Soeparwi Gadjah Mada University was about 198. The work hazard commonly includes physical hazard, chemistry, biologist, ergonomics, and psychosocial. The risk assessment which held denoted that there were 61 low risks, 108 medium risks, and 15 high risks. The recommendations of risk restraint that can be given were technician control, administrative, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).Conclusion: HIRARC method had been applied at the hospital of animal of Prof. Soeparwi with the result to that grooming unit was high risk work place, assessed with risk mapping. The risk was from animal contact phisically. Latar belakang: Rumah Sakit Hewan merupakan sarana dan prasarana dalam melayani masyarakat untuk menangani masalah terkait dengan hewan. Paramedis hewan sangat rentan dengan kecelakaan kerja yang berasal dari potensi bahaya yang berada di lingkungan kerja. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis kecelakaan kerja dengan metode HIRARC serta penerapan Risk Mapping pada Rumah Sakit Hewan Prof. Soeparwi Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan deskriptif. Penelitian kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan keadaan, menilai, serta mengetahui tentang analisis kecelakaan kerja. Data yang digunakan berasal dari metode Hazard Identification Risk Assesment and Risk Control (HIRARC) dan Pedoman Wawancara. Hasil: Identifikasi bahaya dengan menggunakan metode HIRARC pada Rumah Sakit Hewan Prof. Soeparwi berjumlah 198 bahaya kerja secara umum meliputi bahaya fisik, kimia, biologi, ergonomi dan psikososial. Penilaian risiko yang dilakukan menunjukkan terdapat 61 risiko bahaya rendah, 108 risiko bahaya sedang dan 15 risiko bahaya tinggi. Rekomendasi pengendalian risiko yang dapat diberikan yaitu pengendalian secara teknik, administratif dan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD). Simpulan : Metode HIRARC telah dapat diterapkan pada Rumah Sakit Hewan Prof. Soeparwi dengan hasil pemetaan risiko unit grooming merupakan lingkungan kerja risiko tinggi berupa bahaya fisik terkaman dari hewan.Hazard identification, risk assesment and risk control and the application of risk mapping at hospital of the animal Prof. Soeparwi Universitas Gadjah MadaBackground: The hospital of the animal is the facilities and infrastructures to look after and carry the animal health problem. Veterinaries are the people who make the contact with the animal itself directly, as the result the injury that face by these people is always shadowing. The injury could found from the animal and human mistakes. Purpose: This research was held to analyze the work accident using HIRARC method and the applied of Risk Mapping at the hospital of the animal of Prof. Soeparwi Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. Method: This research used descriptive qualitative research method. The qualitative method used to describe the condition, assess, and to recognize the work accident analysis. The data used was grabbed from Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) method and questionnaire. Results: Hazard identification used HIRARC method at the hospital of the animal of Prof. Soeparwi Gadjah Mada University was about 198. The work hazard commonly includes physical hazard, chemistry, biologist, ergonomics, and psychosocial. The risk assessment which held denoted that there were 61 low risks, 108 medium risks, and 15 high risks. The recommendations of risk restraint that can be given were technician control, administrative, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Conclusion: HIRARC method had been applied at the hospital of animal of Prof. Soeparwi with the result to that grooming unit was high risk work place, assessed with risk mapping. The risk was from animal contact phisically.Keywords: the hospital of the animal; veterinaries; HIRARC; work accident 

Case Report: Cyanide in a Fatal Herbal Drink: An Exhumation Case Study

Background: Traditional herbal drink, Jamu, is popular among Javanese. This paper reports two cases of death after taking a slimming Jamu. Interestingly, an illegal love affair was involved in this the case too.Case Report: The first victim (victim 1), a female, rapidly convulsed and died after taking a slimming Jamu drink. However, her brother (victim 2), after tasting just a small amount of that Jamu, rapidly became convulsive and unconscious. Although, he was immediately brought to hospital, he died before receiving any treatment. Because the death was unnatural, he was sent to the Department of Forensic Medicine for investigation. His sister was buried without any medico-legal examination, but later on the exhumation was performed. In autopsy, the victim 1 was found pregnant. Both victims had no injury on their bodies. Evidence of cyanide was positive in tissue samples, but negative in the control sample (soil).Conclusion: Both victims had the same cause of death, which was cyanide poisoning. The manner of death was suspected as homicide

Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya dan Efikasi Diri dengan Penyesuaian Diri pada Mahasiswa Luar Jawa

Abstract The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between peer support and self efficacy together with self-adjustment. Respondent in this research is Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta students who came from outside of Java, amounting to 140 subjects. Sampling is done by cluster random sampling technique. The method used in this study is quantitative with a measuring instrument of adjustment scale, peer support scale, and self efficacy scale. The data analyse technique used in this study is multiple linier regression analysis. Based on the result of data analysis, value F(count) of 30,938 with a significance level (p) 0,000 where p <0.05, there is a significant relationship between peer social support and self-efficacy together with self-adjustment. Another result is that there is a significant positive relationship between peer support and self-adjustment when self-efficacy is controlled with a contribution of 0,320 with a significance level (p) of 0,000 where p <0.05. Furthermore, there is a significant positive relationship contribution between self-efficacy and self-adjustment when peer support is controlled with a contribution of 0.252 if expressed as a percentage of 6.3% with a significance level (p) of 0.001 where p <0.05. Effective contribution of peer support and self efficacy to self adjustment of 31,1%. The level of adjustment in the subject is high, the level of peer social support in the subject is high, and the level of self-efficacy in the subject is high. Keywords : self-adjusment, peer support, and self-efficacy