Perspektif feminis dalam isu homoseksual

Serangan pemikiran yang berkehendak kepada penerimaan homoseksual sebagai satu perbuatan yang tidak menyalahi syariat telah menular dalam masyarakat Islam kini. Golongan yang menerima homoseksual ini memberi alasan agama harus diamalkan bersesuaian dengan realiti semasa sekalipun terpaksa menafikan hukum-hukum yang telah thabit dengan nas-nas syarak secara qatc i. Serangan ini dilakukan oleh feminis yang memperjuangkan hak-hak kesamarataan gender kerana mereka berpendapat sebahagian hukum yang terdapat dalam al-Quran telah menindas serta mendiskriminasi gender. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemikiran feminis terhadap isu homoseksual serta kritikan pemikiran mereka menurut al-Quran dan alSunnah. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kandungan 3 karya feminis sebagai kaedah untuk mengumpulkan data dan kaedah diskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil kajian menunjukkan golongan feminis berkehendak untuk membela golongan homoseksual dengan hujah-hujah mereka walaupun ia melibatkan hukum-hukum al-Quran yang telah thabit dengan nas-nas syarak secara qat’i. Implikasi kajian menunjukkan perjuangan golongan feminis ini wajar diperhalusi dan diberi perhatian serius kerana pemikiran kesamarataan gender adalah bukan berasal daripada agama Islam malah ia berasal daripada tradisi masyarakat barat Justeru, pemikiran yang berkehendak kepada keterbukaan dalam berijtihad dengan meletakkan akal pada tempat yang paling tinggi berbanding al-Quran dan al-Sunnah seperti feminisme harus dibendung daripada menyerap masuk dalam pemikiran masyarakat Islam

Contributions of Muhammad Mahfuz Al-Tarmasiy in the field of Islamic studies

The present study, in principle, aims to introduce an archipelago figure who was once the focus of knowledge seekers in the Holy City of Makkah, Shaykh Muhammad Mahfuz Al-Tarmasiy. This scholar had also left behind significant contributions in his birthplace in the Island of Java. To identify his stature in the field of Islamic studies, scholarly works that bring to light the aesthetics of his writings will be briefly highlighted, fitting with the requirements of research papers. The methodology used in the present study is inclined towards qualitative research that encompasses the various sources of information in the form of his writings, be it from published books, untouched original manuscripts, theses and dissertation that look into his manuscripts and books, and the official website of the institution that was established by his successors. Interviews with his grandchildren and greatgrandchildren living across the country will also be utilized as one of the methods used in identifying this figure, his background and the general view about his stature. The results of the study found that, al-Tarmasiy‟s stature in the area of Islamic studies is indeed superior based on two factors: First: The establishment of traditional and modern educational institutions in Java that were inspired by his enthusiasm and struggles for the sake of knowledge. Second: The impact of his meticulous works that span over twenty books on the academic world and on the traditional talaqqi education system

Pelajar Introvert di Sekolah

Jenis personaliti remaja dapat dibincangkan melalui penampilan bentuk perlakuan sama ada cenderung kepada ekstrovert, introvert ataupun ambivert. Kajian ini mengkaji tentang pelajar introvert. Teori personaliti yang mempunyai kaitan dengan kajian ini adalah Teori Tiga Faktor (TTF) dan Teori Psikososial. Salah satu aspek perbezaan individu yang ketara antara seseorang pelajar dengan pelajar lain ialah aspek personaliti. Pelajar yang mempunyai personaliti introvert ialah individu yang yang pendiam, pasif, terlampau banyak berfikir dan kurang bertindak serta tindak tanduknya kurang mahu mengambil risiko. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan pelbagai faktor yang membawa kepada seseorang pelajar tersebut menjadi introvert iaitu faktor keluarga, persekitaran kelas, sejarah lampau dan sifat semula jadi. Personaliti introvert dalam diri pelajar ini memberi kesan kepada mereka dari aspek akademik, kokurikulum dan sosial. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat beberapa pendekatan yang boleh dilakukan untuk membantu pelajar introvert ini misalnya melalui peranan pihak sekolah. Cadangan yang lain yang dikemukakan oleh responden ialah penggunaan alat bantu mengajar yang menarik serta sesuai dengan pembelajaran abad ke-21. Introvert Students in a School Abstract: The type of personality of adolescents can be discussed through the appearance of a form of treatment that either tends to be an extrovert, an introvert or an ambiver. This study examines introvert students. The theory of personality associated with this study is the Three Factors Theory (TTF) and the Psychosocial Theory. One aspect of the individual differences that is significant between one student and another is the personality aspect. Students with introverted personalities are individuals who are quiet, passive, over-thinking and under-performing and whose behaviors are less likely to take risks. The findings also show the various factors that lead a student to become an introvert - family factors, classroom environment, past history and nature. The introverted personality in these students affects them academically, co-curriculum and social. However, there are several approaches that can be taken to help these introverted students, for example through the role of the school. Another suggestion made by the respondents was the use of attractive teaching aids and 21st Century learning. Keywords: Introvert, Personality, Student

Green Zeolite Synthesis Assisted with Plants Extract

The study explores the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolite using kaolin clay from Perak in the presence of two different reduction mediums, namely turmeric extract and ginger extract, and a 2M NaOH solution, measuring their efficiency and potential for green synthesis. Before the zeolite synthesis and transformation, the kaolin clay was heated at a temperature of 650 oC for 4 hours in the furnace to produce the metakaolin phase. The synthesized zeolite involves the reaction of NaOH with potential reduction plant extracts to assist the transformation of zeolite. The characterization of the synthesized particles after being ground into a fine powder and subsequently undergoing testing and characterization via X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the existence of zeolite phases in both plants with slightly different zeolite compositions. Synthesis mixtures with turmeric plants show better composition of the zeolite phase as compared to ginger mixtures. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) also revealed that the synthesized product using turmeric plant extract was able to produce zeolite LTA with a good grade. The current experimental work shows the possibility of obtaining a well crystalline zeolite from Malaysian kaolin, assisted with plant extract reduction medium

Zeolite Integrate with Natural Absorbance to Increase Crop Production

Mesoporous structure of Zeolites particles with higher micropores able to provide higher surface area that able to increase the efficiency of diffusion mechnism as well as cation exchange capacity (CEC). The uniquness and unreactive properties of zeolites enable to integrate this materials with other potential material to increase the zeolite absorption and CEC performance. Thus, the goal of this work is to study the effect of natural absorbents(chitosan and charcoal) when integrate with zeolite that function as a soil enhancer for the plants growth. Several experiments at different composition of soil, fertilizer, zeolite and absorbance compositions towards  water spinach growth,  pH and soil humidity were measured. The results of the plant growth show that both natural absorbance materials significantly assist the nutrient uptake either from the soil or fertilizer by showing higher plant growth, pH and humidity values as compared to soil mixed with fertilizer only. Integration of these absorbance with zeolite  futher increase the capability of nutrient uptake by giving the highest value of plant growth, pH and humidity values. Detail observation also showed that water spinach grew faster in the sample that had fertilizer added to the zeolite with charcoal as compared to chitosan

Hydrogeochemical study and iron removal of groundwater in North Kelantan / Nur Hayati Hussin

The hydrogeochemical study and iron removal of groundwater was carried out in North Kelantan Basin. This low-lying area is covered by alluvium deposits of Quaternary age. The thickness of the alluvium may reach up to 200 m to the coast. Patches of granite hills appear in the southeast part known as Bukit Marak and Bukit Kechik that belong to Boundary Range Granite. Granite and metamorphic rock are encountered as bedrocks. Kelantan River is the main drainage of the basin with 248 km long and covers an area of approximately 11900 km2. Hydrology study determined the baseflow index (BFI) of the basin as 0.54. This value is influenced by diverse geological, morphological and climatological aspects of the basin. Interaction between surface water and groundwater was found in the lower part of the basin while surface runoff dominanted the process in the upper part of the basin. The total precipitation received in the basin was 30.95 x 109 m3/year. Water loss via potential evapotranspiration was about 40% with 50% of runoff coefficient. Based on water balance study, recharge to the aquifer was estimated about 11% from the total precipitation received. The thick sequences of alluvium deposits form an aquifer system in North Kelantan. Three layers of aquifer were identified; Layers 1, 2 and 3 with depth interval of 20 m, 20 – 50 m and more than 50 m, respectively. These layers are separated by semi permeable clay layer. Layer 1 is known as a remarkable source of public water supply in the study area as groundwater has been exploited since 1935. Hydrochemical facies reveal that the NaHCO3 and NaCl facies are prevalent in the aquifer system. The evolution of groundwater is chemically governed by the process of weathering, dissolution, ion exchange and precipitation. Geochemical modeling indicates that the ferromagnesian minerals of hematite and goethite precipitate while pyrite undergones dissolution leading to an increase of iron in groundwater. The groundwater is naturally rich with iron and exceeds the WHO (2008) acceptable limit for drinking water. Presently, conventional groundwater treatment is being used to treat the groundwater for public, agricultural and industrial purposes. Ionic liquid as a medium in liquid-liquid extraction with 1,10-phenanthroline as a chelating agent was studied as an alternative method for iron removal. Successful removal of iron was achieved with more than 95% removal from the initial concentration of groundwater samples. However, more detailed research is needed before the ionic liquid is able to replace the conventional groundwater treatment as it gives a very low recovery about 25% - 60% when reused. Furthermore, due to the ion exchange process the appearance of anion of ionic liquid also has been detected in groundwater samples

Artificial neural network technique for modeling of groundwater level in Langat Basin, Malaysia

Forecasting of groundwater level variations is a significantly needed in groundwater resource management. Precise water level prediction assists in practical and optimal usage of water resources. The main objective of using an artificial neural network (ANN) was to investigate the feasibility of feed-forward, Elman and Cascade forward neural networks with different algorithms to estimate groundwater levels in the Langat Basin from 2007 to 2013. In order to examine the accuracy of monthly water level forecasts, effectiveness of the steepness coefficient in the sigmoid function of a developed ANN model was evaluated in this research. The performance of the models was evaluated using the mean squared error (MSE) and the correlation coefficient (R). The results indicated that the ANN technique was well suited for forecasting groundwater levels. All models developed had shown acceptable results. Based on the observation, the feed-forward neural network model optimized with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithms showed the most beneficial results with the minimum MSE value of (0.048) and maximum R value of (0.839), obtained for simulation of groundwater levels. The present research conclusively showed the capability of ANNs to provide excellent estimation accuracy and valuable sensitivity analyses

Comparison of Applications to Evaluate Groundwater Recharge at Lower Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia

Groundwater has supported 70% of the water supply at the Lower Kelantan River Basin (LKRB) since the 1930s and demand for groundwater increases annually. Groundwater has been abstracted from shallow and deep aquifers. However, a comprehensive study on groundwater recharge estimation has never been reported. This study evaluated various methods to quantify recharge rate using chloride mass balance (CMB), water table fluctuation (WTF), temperature–depth profiles (TDP), and groundwater modelling coupled with water balance (GM(WB)). Recharge estimation using CMB, WTF, TDP, and GM(WB) showed high variability within 8% to 68% of annual rainfall. CMB is range from 16% to 68%, WTF 11% to 19%, TDP 8% to 11%, and GM(WB) 7% to 12% of annual rainfall, respectively. At 11%, recharge from GM(WB) was the best method for estimation because the model was constructed and calibrated using locally derived input parameters. GM(WB) is the only method involved with calibration and validation process to reduce the uncertainty. The WTF method based on long-term hydrological records gives a reasonable recharge value, in good agreement with GM(WB) and these methods can be paired to ensure the reliability of recharge value approximation in the same ranges. Applying various methods has given insight into methods selection to quantify recharge at LKRB and it is recommended that a lysimeter is installed as a direct method to estimate recharge

Comparison of Applications to Evaluate Groundwater Recharge at Lower Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia

Groundwater has supported 70% of the water supply at the Lower Kelantan River Basin (LKRB) since the 1930s and demand for groundwater increases annually. Groundwater has been abstracted from shallow and deep aquifers. However, a comprehensive study on groundwater recharge estimation has never been reported. This study evaluated various methods to quantify recharge rate using chloride mass balance (CMB), water table fluctuation (WTF), temperature–depth profiles (TDP), and groundwater modelling coupled with water balance (GM(WB)). Recharge estimation using CMB, WTF, TDP, and GM(WB) showed high variability within 8% to 68% of annual rainfall. CMB is range from 16% to 68%, WTF 11% to 19%, TDP 8% to 11%, and GM(WB) 7% to 12% of annual rainfall, respectively. At 11%, recharge from GM(WB) was the best method for estimation because the model was constructed and calibrated using locally derived input parameters. GM(WB) is the only method involved with calibration and validation process to reduce the uncertainty. The WTF method based on long-term hydrological records gives a reasonable recharge value, in good agreement with GM(WB) and these methods can be paired to ensure the reliability of recharge value approximation in the same ranges. Applying various methods has given insight into methods selection to quantify recharge at LKRB and it is recommended that a lysimeter is installed as a direct method to estimate recharge