Eksplorasi Pembelajaran dengan Keterlibatan Langsung Pasien pada Pendidikan Profesi Dokter Gigi

Background: Clinical stage learning in dentistry provides broad opportunities for students to give services directly to patients (chairside teaching). This certainly requires a great deal of attention to patient safety, so there is a need for supervision and giving feedback in learning. This study aimed to explore learning with the direct involvement of patients in clinical dental stage in dentistry. Methods: This was a qualitative study with a case study design, conducted from January to April 2019. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) with clinical supervisors and clincal students at the Dentistry, Universitas Yarsi. Data triangulation was carried out by observation of the implementation of chairside teaching. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively. Results: In-depth interviews with 5 policy makers and FGDs with 2 groups of clinical supervisors (n = 8 and n = 6), and 2 groups of clincal students (n = 8 each) produced 3 themes. These three themes are the role of clinical teachers, the learning environment with patients, and the role of students. Conclusion: Supervision had been carried out in chairside teaching but it was not optimal yet. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the level of supervision which is supported by providing constructive feedback to ensure patient safety and help students achieve the expected competencies

Efektivitas Pendekatan Realistic Mathematic Education Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Siswa Kelas IV SDN 17 Bajoe Kecamatan Tanete Riattang Timur Kabupaten Bone

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pra-eksperimen yang melibatkan satu kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education pada pembelajaran matematika siswa Kelas IV SDN 17 Bajoe. Penelitian ini mengacu pada empat kriteria keefektifan pembelajaran yaitu hasil belajar matematika siswa tuntas dan meningkat, kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran, aktivitas siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran matematika, dan respon siswa terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan realistic mathematic education. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, yaitu sebuah eksperimen yang dilaksanakan tanpa adanya kelas pembanding. Sampel penelitian dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa Kelas IV SDN 17 Bajoe sebanyak 25 orang sebagai kelas yang diterapkan pendekatan realistic mathematic education. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) skor rata-rata tes hasil belajar matematika siswa setelah diberi perlakuan (posttest) adalah 80,00 berada pada kategori tinggi dan persentase ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 92 %. (2) kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran terlaksana dengan baik. (3) aktivitas siswa selama proses pembelajaran terlaksana dengan aktif. (4) angket respon siswa menunjukkan bahwa respon positif siswa terhadap pendekatan realistic mathematic education yaitu 75 % dan mencapai kriteria efektif. Hasil analisis inferensial menunjukkan bahwa: (1) uji normalitas posttest diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,273 0,05 menunjukkan bahwa data berdistribusi normal. (2) uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa nilai sig. (2-tailed) dari hasil uji Paired Samples Test sebesar 0,000 nilai tersebut lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan Realistic Mathematic Education Efektif terhadap pembelajaran matematika pada siswa kelas IV SDN 17 Bajoe Kecamatan Tanete Riattang Timur Kabupaten Bone. Kata kunci : Efektivitas, Pendekatan RM

Measurement of J/ψ -pair production in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV and study of gluon transverse-momentum dependent PDFs

The production cross-section of J/ψ pairs in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV is measured using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.2 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment. The measurement is performed with both J/ψ mesons in the transverse momentum range 0 < pT< 14 GeV/c and rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5. The cross-section of this process is measured to be 16.36 ± 0.28 (stat) ± 0.88 (syst) nb. The contributions from single-parton scattering and double-parton scattering are separated based on the dependence of the cross-section on the absolute rapidity difference ∆y between the two J/ψ mesons. The effective cross-section of double-parton scattering is measured to be σeff = 13.1 ± 1.8 (stat) ± 2.3 (syst) mb. The distribution of the azimuthal angle ϕCS of one of the J/ψ mesons in the Collins-Soper frame and the pT-spectrum of the J/ψ pairs are also measured for the study of the gluon transverse-momentum dependent distributions inside protons. The extracted values of ⟨cos 2ϕCS⟩ and ⟨cos 4ϕCS⟩ are consistent with zero, but the presence of azimuthal asymmetry at a few percent level is allowed

Improved measurement of CP violation parameters in Bs0→J/ψK+K− decays in the vicinity of the ϕ(1020) resonance

The decay-time-dependent C P asymmetry in B 0 s → J / ψ ( → μ + μ − ) K + K − decays is measured using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6     fb − 1 , collected with the LHCb detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Using a sample of approximately 349 000 B 0 s signal decays with an invariant K + K − mass in the vicinity of the ϕ ( 1020 ) resonance, the C P -violating phase ϕ s is measured, along with the difference in decay widths of the light and heavy mass eigenstates of the B 0 s − ¯ B 0 s system, Δ Γ s , and the difference of the average B 0 s and B 0 meson decay widths, Γ s − Γ d . The values obtained are ϕ s = − 0.039 ± 0.022 ± 0.006     rad , Δ Γ s = 0.0845 ± 0.0044 ± 0.0024     ps − 1 , and Γ s − Γ d = − 0.005 6 + 0.0013 − 0.0015 ± 0.0014     ps − 1 , where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. These are the most precise single measurements to date and are consistent with expectations based on the Standard Model and with the previous LHCb analyses of this decay. These results are combined with previous independent LHCb measurements. The phase ϕ s is also measured independently for each polarization state of the K + K − system and shows no evidence for polarization dependence

Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection

Background End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low- compared with middle- and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001). Conclusion Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone