Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Biologi Berbasis Inkuiri pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi Untuk Kelas XI SMA Negeri 10 Bulukumba

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) yang mengacu pada pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran model 4D. Pengumpulan data dilakukan sebagaimana tahapan pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran model 4D yaitu Define adalah melakukan investigasi awal, Design adalah mendesain perangkat pembelajaran dan instrument penelitian, Develop adalah melakukan validasi dan revisi perangkat pembeljaran serta Disseminate adalah melakukan sosialisasi hasil pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah (i) Pengembangan perangakat pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri pada materi sistem ekskresi dilakukan dengan empat tahapan utama yaitu: tahap pendefinisian (define), tahap perancangan (design), tahap pengembangan (develop), dan tahap penyebaran (disseminate).  (ii) Perangkat pembelajaran biologi berbasis inkuiri pada materi sistem ekskresi yang dikembangkan terdiri atas RPP, BPD, LKPD, dan THB. Hasil validasi dan uji coba menunjukkan  bahwa perangkat pembelajaran tersebut memenuhi kriteria kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifan. Kata kunci: Perangkat Pembelajaran Biologi, dan Berbasis Inkuiri

Comparison of parameter estimation methods when multicollinearity and outlier exists / Aida Nurasikin Jamil ...[et al.]

Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator become worse in the presence of multicollinearity and outlier. Here, three methods are suggested to improve the model when multicollinearity and outlier exists, the first one is Jackknife Regression (JR) based on left out method, the second is Ridge Regression (RR) based on the addition of shrinking parameter, and the third is Latent Root Regression (LRR) by adding the latent root and latent vector. In the application, model parameters, standard errors, length of confidence intervals (L.C.I), coefficients of determination ( 2 R ), and mean square error (MSE) of these methods are estimated. Next, the perfomance of these three methods are compared with OLS by using the MSE and 2 R .Based on the analysis, LRR method was the best method compared to other methods since the value of MSE is less and 2 R is higher among others. The LRR was not only the best method when multicollinearity exist, but also was the best when the presence of both multicollinearity and outlie

Hubungan iklim sekolah dengan pelaksanaan pengajaran berpandukan pedagogi produktif guru Pendidikan Islam sekolah menengah kebangsaan di Malaysia

Iklim sekolah yang kondusif merupakan salah satu faktor luaran yang berupaya memberi kesan terhadap kualiti pengajaran guru. Namun, realiti dunia pendidikan kini sedang menghadapi cabaran dalam aspek penyediaan iklim sekolah yang kondusif. Kajian ini dilakukan bagi mengenal pasti tahap iklim sekolah, tahap pelaksanaan pengajaran guru berpandukan pedagogi produktif serta hubungan antara iklim sekolah dengan pelaksanaan pengajaran guru berpandukan pedagogi produktif. Kajian berbentuk kajian tinjauan ini melibatkan seramai 454 orang GPI telah terpilih sebagai sampel kajian menggunakan teknik pensampelan rawak berstrata berkadar. Data kajian dikumpul melalui set borang soal selidik dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensi menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) versi 26.0. Secara keseluruhannya, tahap iklim sekolah dilaporkan berada pada tahap tinggi (min = 4.05) dengan dimensi rakan sejawat memperoleh skor min yang paling tinggi (min=4.41). Tahap pelaksanaan pengajaran GPI berpandukan pedagogi produktif juga berada pada tahap tinggi (min = 4.25) dengan dimensi pengiktirafan perbezaan memperoleh skor min yang paling tinggi (min=4.38). Keputusan ujian korelasi Pearson mendapati wujudnya hubungan yang signifikan positif antara iklim sekolah dengan pelaksanaan pengajaran GPI berpandukan pedagogi produktif dengan kekuatan sederhana (r=0.480, p < 0.05). Kajian ini memberi implikasi bahawa GPI wajar mempertingkatkan kualiti pengajaran dari masa ke semasa seperti menggunakan pendekatan pedagogi produktif. Kajian ini juga memberi implikasi kepada pentadbir sekolah agar memastikan iklim sekolah kekal kondusif demi keselesaan guru menjalankan tugas pengajaran seperti menyelenggara sumber sekolah secara konsisten. Hal ini adalah bertepatan dengan dasar pendidikan negara Malaysia untuk meningkatkan kecekapan penyediaan infrastruktur asas di semua sekolah

The Photocatalytic Activity of Green Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in The Treatment of Aerobically Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Traditional treatment of aerobically palm oil mill effluent (A-POME) is incapable of removing the colour and organic load that does not exceed the discharge standard limit to the stream channel. Green synthesis nanoparticles (NPs) provide a significant potential for substantial performance in the photocatalytic degradation of high-strength wastewater. Therefore, the current project's goal is to investigate the photocatalytic degradation performance of A-POME in the addition of green Zinc Oxide Cymbopogon Citratus (ZnO–CC) NPs in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, and colour removal. The outcomes showed that pH 8 and a ZnO-CC NPs loading of 0.3g/L was ideal for the photocatalytic degradation of A-POME with a significant percentage reduction of turbidity (68.03%), colour (48.11%), and COD (75.4%). The equilibrium data revealed a better fit Langmuir-Hinshelwood models with higher R2 and K values of 0.9906 and 0.0225, respectively. Increased ZnO–CC NPs loading in alkaline medium aided in the breakdown of A-POME pollutants by increasing the surface area accessible for UV light adsorption during the photocatalytic process. Thus, the finding from this study can assist the palm oil mill sector in improving A-POME treatment to provide high-quality treated effluent

Proportional integral derivative controller based on ant colony optimization for vibration cancellation of horizontal flexible plate structure

Flexible plate structure provides many benefits as compared to their rigid counterparts including lower energy consumption, effective, lightweight, and quick response. However, the vibration easily affects the flexible plate structure resulting in structural damage. This study introduces the modelling of a flexible plate structure based on a system identification technique known as ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm for vibration control. Firstly, the input-output vibration data that represent the actual structure of flexible plate was achieved from the experiment. Next, the acquired vibration data was used to develop a dynamic model of the flexible plate structure. The performances of the ACO algorithm were assess based on mean squared error (MSE), pole-zero plot and correlation test in order to get a precise and reliable outcome. The results show that ACO algorithm achieved the minimum MSE which was 6.7613 × 10−6, high stability of pole-zero plot and excellent correlation test. Subsequently, the best model of ACO was chosen to create controller based on an active vibration control technique. It was noticed that the controller managed to obtain a 6.19 dB reduction at the first mode vibration in which the percentage of attenuation of the controller was 10.63% for sinusoidal disturbances and 9.64% for multiple sinusoidal disturbances

Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Perikanan di Desa Pulau Sarak Dengan Pembuatan Nugget Ikan Patin

Berdasarkan data dari RPJMDes Pulau Sarak tahun 2018-2023, potensi sumber daya alam yang ada di Desa Pulau Sarak sangat bervariasi. Potensi alam yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal tersebut salah satunya adalah potensi perikanan dari tambak ikan. Potensi sumber daya alam tersebut nyatanya masih memiliki masalah, yakni potensi tersebut belum dapat dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Metode pemanfaatan hasil perikanan yang dilakukan pada pelaksanaan kegiatan kuliah kerja nyata (KUKERTA) terhadap masyarakat kepada ibu-ibu PKK dilaksanakan dalam bentuk sosialisasi dan demo masak berupa pembuatan nugget ikan patin dalam dua tahap yaitu: sosialisasi dan demo masak. Hasil yang dicapai dalam kegiatan berupa pelatihan demo masak dinyatakan berhasil dan menunjukkan tren positif terlihat dari antusiasme audiens serta memunculkan inovasi baru dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya hasil perikanan di Desa Pulau Sarak

The miRNAs expression profile in acute myocardial infarction of young adults

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most severe manifestation of coronary heart disease where Malaysians are getting AMI at younger age compared to well-developed countries. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in development of human pathologies. Materials and method: This study investigated the miRNA expression profile in 3 Controls, 3 Young AMI and 3 Mature AMI patients with matching criteria, using RNA sequencing, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Results: A total of 1599 miRNAs were differentially expressed in AMI patients compared to Controls, of which 1288 miRNAs were upregulated, and 311 miRNAs were downregulated. When miRNA expression profiles of Young AMI patients were compared to Mature AMI patients, a total of 1497 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed, where 1090 miRNAs were upregulated, and 407 miRNAs were downregulated. The top 5 upregulated miRNAs were miR-552, miR-4446-3p, miR-432-5p, miR-548j-5p and miR-219; while the top 5 downregulated were miR-16, miR-1064, miR-431, miR-790 and miR-1177. For these 1497 differentially expressed miRNAs, 34,195 target genes were predicted by GO analysis. The enrichment analysis revealed 11,199 involved in biological processes, 10,984 in molecular functions and 12,012 in cellular components. Target genes of differently expressed miRNAs that were mapped in signal transduction pathway KEGG, revealed that 346 classes were enriched. Conclusion: Small RNA sequencing discovered previously unknown miRNAs and suggested that these miRNAs regulatory mechanisms on gene expression are closely involved in Young AMI. This could be a foundation study that requires further elaboration

Coffee and its waste repel gravid Aedes albopictus females and inhibit the development of their embryos

Background Dengue is a prevalent arboviral disease and the development of insecticide resistance among its vectors impedes endeavors to control it. Coffee is drunk by millions of people daily worldwide, which is associated with the discarding of large amounts of waste. Coffee and its waste contain large amounts of chemicals many of which are highly toxic and none of which have a history of resistance in mosquitoes. Once in solution, coffee is brownish in colour, resembling leaf infusion, which is highly attractive to gravid mosquitoes. To anticipate the environmental issues related to the increasing popularity of coffee as a drink, and also to combat insecticide resistance, we explored the deterrence potentials of coffee leachates against the ovipositing and embryonic stages of the dengue vector, Aedes albopictus. Methods In a series of choice, no-choice, and embryo toxicity bioassays, we examined changes in the ovipositional behaviours and larval eclosion of Ae. albopictus in response to coffee extracts at different concentrations. Results Oviposition responses were extremely low when ovicups holding highly concentrated extract (HCE) of coffee were the only oviposition sites. Gravid females retained increased numbers of mature eggs until 5 days post-blood feeding. When provided an opportunity to oviposit in cups containing coffee extracts and with water, egg deposition occurred at lower rates in those containing coffee, and HCE cups were far less attractive to females than those containing water only. Females that successfully developed in a coffee environment preferentially oviposited in such cups when in competition with preferred oviposition sites (water cups), but this trait did not continue into the fourth generation. Larval eclosion occurred at lower rates among eggs that matured in a coffee environment, especially among those that were maintained on HCE-moistened substrates. Conclusions The observations of the present study indicate a pronounced vulnerability of Ae. albopictus to the presence of coffee in its habitats during the early phases of its life cycle. The observations that coffee repels gravid females and inhibits larval eclosion provide novel possibilities in the search for novel oviposition deterrents and anti-larval eclosion agents against dengue vectors.This work was supported by funds (No. 096010) from the Central Research Institute of Fukuoka University and “Long Term Research Grant (LRGS) for Infectious Diseases, 2011 – 2014, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia” and USM (304/Pbiology/650575/U112)

Mechanical properties of lightweight concrete using palm oil clinker: an overview

The use of industrial waste as construction material to build environmentally sustainable structure has several practical and economic advantages. Palm oil clinker is a waste material obtained by burning off solid wastes during the process of palm oil extraction. The research performed over the last two decades concerning the use of palm oil clinker as lightweight aggregates concrete is summarized in this paper. A series of concrete mixes were studied and analysed in replacing the coarse and fine aggregates by palm oil clinker. The mechanical properties of the palm oil clinker lightweight concrete are addressed and discussed. The specific gravity for the palm oil clinker must be less than the normal weight aggregate which is below 2.20. The parameters of mechanical properties were reviewed included compressive strength, tensile strength (flexural and splitting) and Young’s modulus. The review showed the positive impact in concrete properties when replaced the normal coarse and fine aggregates with the palm oil clinker. The range of compressive strength of the palm oil clinker lightweight concrete was 30 to 44 MPa. This indicates that palm oil clinker concrete has potential for a replacement which helps in producing a sustainable environment thus contributing to effective construction cost