Effects of Backpack Load and Trekking Poles on Energy Expenditure During Field Track Walking

This study evaluates the effects of the use of backpack load and trekking poles on feld track walking energy expenditure. Twenty male volunteer pole walkers (age: 22.70 ± 2.89 years; body mass: 77.90 ± 11.19 kg; height: 1.77 ± 0.06 m; percentage of body fat: 14.6 ± 6.0 %) walked at a self-selected pace on a pedestrian feld track over a period of more than six months. Each subject was examined at random based on four walking conditions: non-poles and non-load, with poles and non-load, nonpoles and with load, with poles and with load. Heart rate, oxygen uptake and energy expenditure were continuously recorded by a portable telemetric system. Non-load walking speed was lower during walking with poles when compared with no poles (p ≤ 0.05). Oxygen uptake, energy expenditure and heart rate varied signifcantly across different conditions. Our results suggest that the use of trekking poles does not influence energy expenditure when walking without an additional load, but it can have an effect during backpack load walking. Moreover, our results indicate that the use of trekking poles may not be helpful to lower the exertion perceived by the subjects when walking with an additional load.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Proceedings of the XLV Technical and Scientific Congress of the Portuguese Association of Swimming Technicians

Since the beginning, APTN has believed in the value of corporate education, which means that it has always sought to maintain a constant stimulus to critical thinking, engagement, and sharing of best practices. This is a very strong institutional purpose, and therefore APTN is proud to continuously organize an annual technical-scientific congress in cities where sports, in general, have reached high levels of development. Along with local actors, this event has grown in quality, size, and internationalisation. It is currently one of the largest national congresses of sports technicians and one of the largest in the world in the area of swimming. As a result, APTN’s annual congress is a regular training event in the programs of cities recognised as European sports cities or capitals (ACES Europe). This year, on October 15th and 16th, the host city is Leiria, a land with recognised history and traditions, and a European sports city in 2022 (ACES Europe and ACES Portugal). The Municipality of Leiria, together with the Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (School of Education and Social Sciences - ESECS), are co-promoters of this 45th edition, which marks the resumption of face-to-face training activity after two years of pandemic. The Portuguese Swimming Federation is our main partner in the event. We also count on the invaluable institutional support of the Portuguese Institute of Sport and Youth (IPDJ), the Olympic Committee of Portugal (COP), the Paralympic Committee of Portugal (CPP), the Confederation of Trainers of Portugal (CPAT), and the Leiria District Swimming Association (ANDL). The program construction is always a complex task, especially when we try to meet the interests of different aquatic disciplines. But this eclectic character is also what characterizes the “APTN Congress” brand, where a vast panel of excellent speakers conveys the relevance and pertinence of the themes. In this edition, we are inaugurating a new format, as there are no plenary conferences, and most sessions will be preceded by a contextualization of the theme by the invited moderator. Additionally, moments of interaction with the participants will be created, providing a reflective formative experience and, therefore, high personal growth. The possibility of submitting oral communications (or posters) is open, a contest that returns to being face-to-face this year. The merit recognition gala for our coaches and associates also returns, which will take place during the official event dinner, open to all interested parties. The official ceremony for the delivery of the 2022 swimming teaching award will also be part of the program. Let’s make this congress a sign of cohesion and vitality of our technical community because together, we always do more and better for our swimming

Monitoring Changes Over a Training Macrocycle in Regional Age‐Group Swimmers.

Our aim was to analyze physiological, kinematical and performance changes induced by swimming training in regional age‐group athletes. Subjects (15.7 ± 2.2 years old) performed a 4 x 50‐m front‐crawl test at maximal velocity (10 s rest interval) in weeks 2, 4, 9 and 12 of a 15‐week macrocycle. Descriptive statistics were used and the percentage of change and smallest worthwhile change (moderate, 0.6‐1.2, and large, > 1.2) were measured. Lactate concentration in the third, seventh and twelfth minute of recovery decreased significantly between weeks 2‐9 (14.1, 15.7 and 17.6%) and increased between weeks 9‐12 (18.2, 18.6 and 19.8%), with the HR presenting only trivial variations during the training period. Stroke length showed a large decrease in the first 50‐m trial between weeks 4‐9 (6.2%) and a large increase between weeks 9‐12 (3.1%). The stroke rate (in all 50‐m trials) increased significantly between weeks 4‐9 (3‐ 7%) and the stroke index had a moderate to large increase in the first and third 50‐m trial (3.6 and 7.1%, respectively) between weeks 9‐12. The overall time decreased by 1.1% between weeks 2‐12, being more evident after week 4. We concluded that physiological, kinematical and performance variables were affected by the period of training in regional age‐group swimmers

Biomechanical characterization of swimmers with physical disabilities

The evaluation of swimming technique is one of the main aspects to be considered in any training program, with biomechanics being an important source of knowledge. It was our objective to characterize the biomechanical parameters (SL and SF) relating them to the swimming velocity (v) at different intensities and to analyze within each swimming stroke cycle the intra-cyclic velocity variation (IVV) in a group of motor disabled swimmers. Eight disabled male swimmers (25.83 ± 2.93 years old, 72.45 ± 9.26 kg body mass and 1.79 ± 0.11 m of height) of the following functional classes: S6 (n = 1), S8 (n = 2) and S9 (n = 5) participated in this study. Swimmers were evaluated in the kinematic parameters v, stroke frequency (SF) and stroke length (SL) along with an incremental protocol of 6 x 200 m in the the crawl stroke. Data were registered in each step at the distances of 100 and 175 m. With increasing velocity, the mean values of SL decreased while the mean values of SF increased. To achieve higher swimming velocities, swimmers compensated the lack of the propulsive segment increasing SF to increase swimming speed. For the mean values of IVV at 100m distance, a decrease between the first and second levels, followed by a tendency to stabilize from the 2nd to the 6th level is presented. For the 175 m distance, there was a decrease in IVV with an increase in swimming velocity. Stroke frequency is directly related to the magnitude of IVV, which directly influences swimming performance

Are Strength Indicators and Skin Temperature Affected by the Type of Warm-Up in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes?

(1) Background: the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different types of warm-ups on the strength and skin temperature of Paralympic powerlifting athletes. (2) Methods: the participants were 15 male Paralympic powerlifting athletes. The effects of three different types of warm-up (without warm-up (WW), traditional warm-up (TW), or stretching warm-up (SW)) were analyzed on static and dynamic strength tests as well as in the skin temperature, which was monitored by thermal imaging. (3) Results: no differences in the dynamic and static indicators of the force were shown in relation to the different types of warm-ups. No significant differences were found in relation to peak torque (p = 0.055, F = 4.560, η2p = 0.246 medium effect), and one-repetition maximum (p = 0.139, F = 3.191, η2p = 0.186, medium effect) between the different types of warm-ups. In the thermographic analysis, there was a significant difference only in the pectoral muscle clavicular portion between the TW (33.04 ± 0.71 °C) and the WW (32.51 ± 0.74 °C) (p = 0.038). The TW method also presented slightly higher values than the SW and WW in the pectoral muscles sternal portion and the deltoid anterior portion, but with p-value > 0.05. (4) Conclusions: the types of warm-ups studied do not seem to interfere with the performance of Paralympic Powerlifting athletes. However, the thermal images showed that traditional warm-up best meets the objectives expected for this preparation phase.post-print1305 K

Physiological and biochemical evaluation of different types of recovery in national level Paralympic powerlifting

publishedVersio

One more year: Volume 14

Journal Motricidade is going to publish its Volume 14 in 2018. We would like to start this editorial with a special thanks to the Editorial Board, namely the Editor-in-Chief and Associate Editors. Without their selfless endeavor it would not be possible to reach this volume. We would also like to thank the authors whose confidence in our publication should be praised. We would like to dedicate, in the present editorial, a special recognition to the panel of reviewers. This rigorous double-blind review process that we adopted is only possible due to the solidarity of experts from the various areas covered by the scope of Motricidade. With the advent of platforms that record the revisions made (e.g. Publons, Reviewer Credits, Peerage of Science, and Elsevier’s Reviewer Recognition), the reviewers can obtain the deserved credits, but never enough to match the work they put in the editorial flow of Motricidade or any other Journal or Scientific Publication. With the beginning of this new year, in this new volume we will do an update of the international editorial board, inviting new colleagues to be part of this project (http://revistas.rcaap.pt/motricidade/about/editorialTeam), ensuring that their contribution will be positive and enriching, as it was the contribution of colleagues who were part of our editorial board during past years. In this issue of Motricidade we publish a supplement of the 6th International Symposium of Strength & Conditioning, held in Fortaleza in September of 2017. Motricidade has already published the proceedings of the 5th ISSC (http://revistas.rcaap.pt/motricidade/article/view/8800) and hopes to continue to promote events of this nature aiming, particularly, to encourage research and publication in this topic. We want to continue as a reference for the readers and authors of Motricidade during this year of 2018. In my personal name and on behalf of the Editorial Board of Motricidade, I thank all those who contributed to the maturity of Motricidade

Make yourself discoverable

As 2017 is ending evolution does not stop, and publishing systems are getting along with this evolvement, since the “publish or perish” dictum is nowadays a way of living among the academy. In this way, in this competitive context, one must keep the publication records updated and, most of all, visible, easy to find, or discoverable. Some questions arise related to this topic: how can publishers help to connect individuals with their contributions? How can publishers make the publishing process easier for the authors, editors, and reviewers? How can publishers improve discoverability

Together with Research Centers and Universities

The Journal Motricidade has always been walking in parallel with the scientific communities. We found that the affiliation of most authors has, nearly always, a University (Uni) or a Research Center (RC). In fact it is almost impossible to conduct research outside these two universes. In this sense, Uni and RC feed the most, if not all, of scientific journals worldwide. By this I mean that is in the interest of Motricidade to be associated with high-quality RC and Uni equally recognized. With regard to RC, Motricidade will publish this year a supplement of the International Congress of Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD). This RC has conducted research in a variety of areas within the Sport Sciences and Health and always with high recognition and associated publications. It was not by chance that this RC was evaluated with ‘very good’ by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) panel and has been granted funding. This Congress, which takes place every two years, targets to converge research and high level practices within these three areas: Sports, Health and Human Development. The 2016 CIDESD edition is dedicated to "Exercise and Health, Sports and Human Development" and will be held at the University of Évora, between 11 and 12 November of 2016. The readers can check the program in the following link http://gdoc.uevora.pt/450120 and get more information in the Congress Site available at http://www.cidesd2016.uevora.pt/. With regard to Uni, Motricidade signed a cooperation protocol with the University of Beira Interior (UBI) in May of 2016, involving the development and dissemination of scientific knowledge in Sports Sciences, Psychology, Human Development and Health. At the present, UBI hosts more than 6,000 students spread across five faculties - Arts & Letters, Sciences, Health Sciences, Humanities and Social Sciences and Engineering. When looking at the rankings, for instance the Times Higher Education (THE), v.2016-17 (https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/universidade-da-beira-interior#ranking-dataset/589595), we can see that UBI is growing, mostly in Research publications, in other words, on the number of research publications, where at least one author is affiliated to the university (http://www.umultirank.org/#!/home?trackType=home&sightMode=undefined). We hope to contribute to maintain or increase this number of publications, since among the various clauses drawn up, in order to encourage research with publication in peer review journals, it was agreed that any manuscript submitted and accepted for publication, whose author or collaborators are affiliated with UBI is due half the rate of publication. Union makes us stronger