The Impact of Tourism Activity on Coastal Biodiversity: A Case Study at Praia da Cova Redonda (Algarve—Portugal)

Tourism activity has a very significant weight in the world economy, even being the main activity responsible for the export of many countries, in the form of providing services to foreign citizens. In mainland Portugal, the main tourist region is the Algarve, where beach tourism, known as sun and sea tourism, plays a decisive role. However, this activity also has its negative impacts. In the present work, a case study was analyzed, at Praia da Cova Redonda, located in the parish of Porches, in the municipality of Lagoa. Negative impacts on land use and occupation were identified, caused by the excessive presence of people, the introduction of invasive species and the artificial filling of beaches. At the end, a set of mitigating measures are presented that aim to ensure that the exploitation of natural resources can be maintained, but in a perspective of preservation and recovery of natural resources and biodiversity

Evolution of land cover in the special area of conservation of Monchique (Southern Portugal): Have the objectives of the Natura 2000 network been achieved (1995–2018)?

The Natura 2000 Network, as the European Union's ecological network, aims toensure the long-term conservation of Europe's most threatened species and habitats,helping to stop the loss of biodiversity. Based on this assumption, the changes in landcover in the Special Area of Conservation (SAC) of Monchique between 1995 and2018 are analysed and related to identify favourable and unfavourable policies con-cerning the habitats and respective species conservation. The most important landcovers are compared with the habitats and species legally protected at the Nationaland European level, as well as the Red List of Vascular Flora of Mainland Portugal. Asmain results can be highlighted the increase in the forest area occupied by species suchasEucalyptus globulusandPinus pinaster, and a reduction in the areas of grazing andshrub species. Can also be noted an increase in the areas covered by invasive species,which may be associated with the abandonment of rural areas. We identified 21 taxawith high heritage interest in the Monchique SAC, occurring mainly in forest habitats,namely 91E0, 92A0, 9240, 9330 and 9340, which should be considered in the elabora-tion of future Territorial Management Plans. Thus, it can be concluded that the objec-tives initially stipulated by the Natura 2000 Network were not fully achieved withinthe Monchique SAC. Alternative management methods must be studied to allow con-servation in a territory with a high land consolidation and low population densityinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photovoltaic production management in a hall of residence with high energy consumption

A hall of residence with low energy performance was subjected to an extensive retrofitting program due to its high energy consumption, to enhance the building’s energy efficiency and reduce its energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions. The retrofitting program included the integration of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system installed on the building’s flat roof, among other factors. Nevertheless, the electricity supply provided by the system during the daytime proved insufficient to cover the building’s energy demand. Based on this, a study was implemented to analyze the contribution of the electricity produced by the solar PV system throughout the year to reduce power consumption under distinct solar radiation conditions, and to define a strategy to optimize renewable energy use by drawing up a set of organizational measures to be implemented to manage the PV solar system energy strategically. The strategic measures are mainly related to selecting the residence tasks with higher energy consumption to fit into higher PV energy production periods. Additionally, it is fundamental to raise the residence’s occupants’ education and awareness of energy efficiency, optimize the excess PV energy produced in specific periods by converting it into other energy forms, and install complementary storage systems for surplus production.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia | Ref. UIDP/05975/2020FEDER | Ref. Norte‐01‐0145‐FEDER‐00004

The Influence of Age on the Wood Properties of Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud.

Forests in Portugal are highly dependent on a short number of wood species, and new species with higher profitability are needed. The Paulownia species has generated great interest due to its fast-growing and relatively good wood properties. However, environmental factors have shown that Paulownia grows differently in each case. This study intends to determine the properties of young Paulownia trees from Portuguese plantations to determine the best age to cut the trees according to their use. The chemical composition (extractives in dichloromethane, ethanol and water, lignin, α-cellulose, and hemicelluloses), heating value, elemental analysis (CHNO), inorganic elements and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and the most important mechanical and physical properties (density, MOE, bending strength, water absorption equilibrium, moisture content, and dimensional changes) were determined for 1-, 3-, and 5-year-old trees. The results show that, chemically, the extractives increased while hemicelluloses decreased with age, and no trend was found for lignin and α-cellulose. The physical and mechanical properties increased with age, except for the MOE and bending strength. The 5-year-old samples presented the best features for pellet production, namely, calorific power, elemental composition CHNO and sulfur, and inorganic elements.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Variabilidade geográfica da razão mortalidade/incidência por cancro da mama no sul da Europa

O cancro da mama é o segundo carcinoma mais frequente constituindo a principal causa de mortalidade por carcinoma em mulheres (Ferlay et al., 2013). Detecção e intervenção precoce e qualidade do tratamento influenciam a mortalidade por esta patologia (Bastos, Peleteiro, Gouveia, Coleman, & Lunet, 2010). A percentagem da razão de Mortalidade/Incidência (%RMI) avalia o acesso a rastreios e a qualidade das terapeuticas, apresentando valores baixos se a mortalidade é baixa para os casos incidentes reportados. (Sunkara & Hebert, 2015). Objetivo: Avaliar a variabilidade na %RMI por cancro da mama (número de óbitos por cada 100 casos incidentes de cancro da mama) em quatro países do sul da Europa culturalmente próximos: Espanha, Portugal, Grécia e Itália. Metodologia: Através da International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), obtiveram-se casos observados em 2012 (incidentes e óbitos) para cada país em estudo em mulheres com 15-39, 40-49, 50-64, 65-74 e 75 ou mais anos (WHO, 2016). Obtiveram-se valores de %RMI por país e faixa etária dividindo o número de óbitos pelo número de casos incidentes e multiplicando por 100. Os respetivos intervalos de confiança a 95% (IC95%) foram obtidos pelo teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: Considerando os quatro países como um todo, verifica-se que a %RMI para cancro da mama (número de óbitos por cada 100 casos incidentes) é de 8%, 12%, 17%, 24% e 55%, respectivamente em mulheres com 15-39, 40-49, 50-64, 65-74 e 75 ou mais anos. Verifica-se variabilidade entre países para este indicador, mas não em todas as faixas etárias. Para mulheres mais jovens, Portugal apresenta %RMI de 8,7% (IC95%:6,5-11,3) muito semelhante aos outros três países. Em mulheres com idades entre 40-49 anos e 50-64 anos a %RMI observada em Portugal é, respectivamente, 13,6% (IC95%:11,6-15,8) e 19,7% (IC95%:18,0-21,5), notoriamente inferior à observada na Grécia mas mais elevada em relação a Espanha e Itália. Em mulheres com 65-74 e 75 ou mais anos, as %RMI observadas em Portugal foram, respectivamente, 27,4% (IC95%:24,9-30,1) e 52,5% (IC95%:49,7-55,3), muito semelhantes ao que se observa em Espanha e Itália. Conclusões: Embora em mulheres mais jovens o número de óbitos por cada 100 casos incidentes de cancro da mama seja inferior a 10, este valor é superior a 50 nas mulheres mais velhas. De acordo com os resultados há variabilidade geográfica na %RMI mas esta variabilidade não é transversal a todas as faixas etárias. Os resultados sugerem que o acesso a diagnóstico precoce e a efectividade de tratamento diferem entre países, mas que esta relação é modificada pela idade. Os resultados sugerem equacionar as estratégias preventivas adaptando-as às diferentes faixas etárias.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A logistics management system for a biomass-to-energy production plant storage park

This work was partially supported by the following entities: (L.J.N.) proMetheus-Research Unit on Energy, Materials and Environment for Sustainability-UIDP/05975/2020, funded by national funds through FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia; (R.G.) UNIDEMI-Research & Development Unit for Mechanical and Industrial Engineering-UIDB/00667/2020, funded by national funds through FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia; and (J.C.M.) GOVCOPP-Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies-UID/CPO/04058/2019, funded by national funds through FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia.The biomass industry is growing due to the current search for greener and more sustainable alternatives to fossil energy sources. However, this industry, due to its singularity, presents several challenges and disadvantages related to the transportation of raw materials, with the large volumes that are usually involved. This project aimed to address this internal logistics situation in torrefied biomass pellets production with two different biomass storage parks, located in Portugal. The main park receives raw material coming directly from the source and stores it in large amounts as a backup and strategic storage park. The second park, with smaller dimensions, precedes the production unit and must be stocked daily. Therefore, a fleet of transport units with self-unloading cranes is required to help to unload the biomass at the main park and transport the raw material from this park to the one preceding the production unit. Thus, the main goal was to determine the dimensions of the fleet used in internal transportation operations to minimize the idle time of the transport units using a methodology already in use in the mining and quarrying industry. This methodology was analyzed and adapted to the situation presented here. The implementation of this study allows the elimination of unnecessary costs in an industry where the profit margins are low.publishersversionpublishe

Thermochemical conversion processes as a path for sustainability of the tire industry: carbon black recovery potential in a circular economy approach

The common use of tires is responsible for the production of large quantities of waste worldwide, which are landfilled or energetically recovered, with higher economical cost and known environmentally harmful consequences. This type of problem must be studied, and all efforts must be conducted to eliminate, or at least mitigate, such high costs. The use of thermochemical conversion processes, such as pyrolysis, can allow the recycling and the reuse of raw materials for the tire industry, namely, in the production of carbon black, usually produced using the controlled combustion of fossil fuels. This article reports the production of torrefied and carbonized waste tire samples using a laboratorial procedure, and their subsequent laboratory characterization, specifically the elemental and proximate analysis. This preliminary approach found that carbon concentration in the produced rubber char reached values higher than 75%, indicating the possibility of its reuse in the production of carbon black to in turn be used in the production of new tires or other industrial rubber materials. The possibility of using this rubber char for other uses, such as energy recovery, is still depending on further studies, namely, the evaluation of the amount of sulfur present in the final product