Flettner Rotor Modification through Adding Ridges and Fins with Results Comparison to Base Model

Oceans are the most crucial factor in maintaining global environmental equilibrium. Researchers are looking into the possibility of capturing wind power for shipping. Ship builders and owners provide several solutions based on the use of electrical power, low-polluting fuels, solar energy, and wind energy. The goal of this research is to learn more about using Flettner rotors as alternate sources of power and to create a new operational model for the rotor that could generate more power output from the currently available base model. Due to the sluggish market and glut of tonnage, the global shipping industry is now having difficulties. Only a few ships have wind-assisted technologies to help them save money on fuel. For the research, we created a base model in the 3D program from the available data about the commercially used Flettner rotor, then we modified a number of variations for the model and compared the results we reached from the CFD software to find an outcome that is better than the current output of the base model, and the results have shown improvement for the lower wind speeds

The impact of the war on Syria on the level of food living in Syria

    The case of secular nutriment living standard is one of the major challenge which confronts any country as one of the basic national security a from an economic perspective the lack of nutrition safety is a result of the disability of agricultural sector to achieve the rising consumption of production to face the increasing request for food which leads to a big gap in living standard The study reached a conclusion which is to increase the living standards for the citizen can be achived by getting the goods needed and to increase salary rate and offer job application In addition the national nutrition programme should be activated which aims the improve the living nutrition standard for the rural families, through increasing production in the fileds of good jobs and activating the research programmes in agriculture

Lost in Transition - Analysen zur Aushandlung von Politik, Kultur und Identität im lokalen Raum von Tunis 2011 - 2014

The democratization from authoritarian rule has been the main focus of scholarly interest in Tunisia since the overthrow of the regime of president Ben Ali on 14 January 2011. While the overthrow can be seen as an important step towards political change in Tunisia, the outcome remains uncertain. In light of these changes, this study tries to provide new insides into the political struggles of post-revolutionary Tunisia from 2011 until the first presidential and parliamental elections in 2014. Other than more common approaches in political science, it offers an alternative reading by shedding light on the political changes and challenges from a local perspective. Object under investigation is the city quarter of Le Kram. The city of Le Kram is situated at the Gulf of Tunis in the eastern part of the capital and is deeply divided into a lower class and a middle to upper class neighborhood. In the wake of the overthrow of the Ben Ali regime in 2011, the residents of Le Kram were suddenly forced to cope with the absence of the state and the rise of new local powers aiming to deconstruct the “old” order. Soon questions of identity, culture and morality arose among them and political claims were enforced by the shared use of public space. The microstudy shows that political dynamics of non-elite actors below the nation state play a crucial role in the renegotiation of society and the understanding of the governability of the state and therefore the possibility of political change in Tunisia.Als junge Demokratie steht Tunesien als Hoffnungsträger und Erfolgsgeschichte im Mittelpunkt des Interesses der politikwissenschaftlichen Demokratieforschung. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, einen Einblick in die politische Übergangsphase Tunesiens zu geben. Dabei steht anstatt der vorherrschenden wissenschaftlichen Perspektive auf nationalstaatliche Prozesse die Mikroebene politischer Aushandlungsprozesse im Mittelpunkt des Interesses. Zudem bricht die Studie mit normativen Erwartungshaltungen einer fortschreitenden Demokratisierung des Landes und distanziert sich von der perzipierten Pfadabhängigkeit der politikwissenschaftlichen Transitionsforschung. Jenseits dieses normativen Leitbilds wird die Vielfalt der politischen Entwicklungsalternativen erfasst, wie sie von den lokalen Akteuren in einem ausgewählten Stadtviertel von Tunis verhandelt wurde. Die Leitfrage lautet dabei nicht, wohin sich Tunesien aus westlicher Perspektive entwickeln sollte oder wie diese Transition vorankommt, sondern danach, was tatsächlich passiert (vgl. Carothers 2002, S. 18). Während sich nach der tunesischen Revolution 2011 Normen und Institutionen des alten Systems auflösten, waren die demokratischen Verfahren noch nicht vollständig etabliert (vgl. Merkel et. al 1996, S. 11 f.). In das entstehende Machtvakuum traten im Lokalen nichtstaatliche Akteure hinein, welche die als normal wahrgenommene Ordnung dekonstruierten und neu verhandelten. Über diese politischen Aushandlungsprozesse und die Machteffekte der Interaktionen veränderten sie die Diskurse im Viertel, welche neue Vorstellungen von politischer Ordnung aufwarfen. Es zeigte sich, dass diese Vorstellungen nicht unbedingt auf demokratischen Werten beruhten, sondern die Stabilität und Sicherheit des Landes sowie die demokratische Transition sogar gefährdeten. Gegengesteuert wurde dieser drohenden Destabilisierung in der Stadtteilgesellschaft wiederum über lokale Diskurse um gemeinsame politische und religiöse Identitäten sowie die tunesische Kultur als verbindender Faktor. Auch wurde deutlich, dass zivilgesellschaftliche Akteure die Persistenz neopatrimonialer Netzwerke bedingten, während gewaltbereite nichtstaatliche Akteure die freiwerdenden Möglichkeitsräume jenseits staatlicher Kontrolle ausnutzten, um eigene Strukturen aufzubauen. Die empirische Feldforschung beruht auf ethnografischen Interviews, teilnehmender Beobachtung und fotografischer Dokumentation im öffentlichen Stadtraum. Dabei wurden zunächst alle relevanten Akteure erfasst, ihre Vorbedingungen, Agenda, Strategien und Taktiken beschrieben und miteinander in Beziehung gesetzt. Ihre Darstellung erfolgt prozesshaft, wobei sich die einzelnen Kapitel an den lokalen Aushandlungsprozessen orientieren. Da diese Phasen der Diskurs- und Machtverschiebungen nicht unbedingt den nationalen Entwicklungen entsprachen, erfolgt zu Beginn jedes dieser Kapitel eine kurze Einordnung in zeitlich parallel verlaufende Ereignisse auf der nationalen Ebene

Embedding formalism for N{\mathcal N}-extended AdS superspace in four dimensions

The supertwistor and bi-supertwistor formulations for ${\mathcal N}$-extended anti-de Sitter (AdS) superspace in four dimensions, ${\rm AdS}^{4|4\mathcal N}$, were derived two years ago in arXiv:2108.03907. In the present paper, we introduce a novel realisation of the ${\mathcal N}$-extended AdS supergroup $\mathsf{OSp}(\mathcal{N}|4;\mathbb{R})$ and apply it to develop a coset construction for ${\rm AdS}^{4|4\mathcal N}$ and the corresponding differential geometry. This realisation naturally leads to an atlas on ${\rm AdS}^{4|4\mathcal N}$ (that is a generalisation of the stereographic projection for a sphere) that consists of two charts with chiral transition functions for ${\mathcal N}>0$. A manifestly $\mathsf{OSp}(\mathcal{N}|4;\mathbb{R})$ invariant model for a superparticle in ${\rm AdS}^{4|4\mathcal N}$ is proposed. Additionally, by employing a conformal superspace approach, we describe the most general conformally flat $\mathcal N$-extended supergeometry. This construction is then specialised to the case of ${\rm AdS}^{4|4\mathcal N}$.Comment: 49 page

Hall Currents and Heat Transfer Effects on Peristaltic Transport in a Vertical Asymmetric Channel through a Porous Medium

The influences of Hall currents and heat transfer on peristaltic transport of a Newtonian fluid in a vertical asymmetric channel through a porous medium are investigated theoretically and graphically under assumptions of low Reynolds number and long wavelength. The flow is investigated in a wave frame of reference moving with the velocity of the wave. Analytical solutions have been obtained for temperature, axial velocity, stream function, pressure gradient, and shear stresses. The trapping phenomenon is discussed. Graphical results are sketched for various embedded parameters and interpreted

ANALISIS KESESUAIAN LAHAN KOMODITAS UNGGULAN DAN ARAHAN PENGEMBANGANNYA DI WILAYAHKABUPATEN CIANJUR

Regional development can be carried out with an emphasis on the basic sectors and leading commodities. The purpose of this study is twofold. The first is to determine the basic sectors, sub-sectors, and leading commodities, and the second is to analyze the suitability and allocation directives of land for leading commodities. The data used include gross regional domestic product (GDP) of West Java and the harvested area in 2011-2013.The other data are land suitability requirement, map soil types, rainfall, temperature, grade slope, erosion, map of soil units, land use, spatial plans, and administrative maps. Location Quotient (LQ) method is used to determine the basic sectors and sub-sectors. Meanwhile, the LQ and Differential Shift and Share are used to determine the leading commodities. The land suitability of leading commodities is spatially analyzed using Geographical Information System (GIS). The results have shown that the agriculture is the basic sector and food crop agriculture is and the basic sub-sector. The leading commodities are soybean, peanut, and rice. The land suitability classes are S2 and S3. The available allocation areas are 27.984 Hectares for wet-field paddy, 17.984 Hectares for peanuts, and 38.835 Hectares for soybean

Maternal Pregnancy Intention and Antenatal Care Seeking Behaviors in Bangladesh: Evidence From Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2018

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between pregnancy intention and antenatal care (ANC)-seeking behaviors among women in Bangladesh.Methods: ANC-related data of 5,012 women, from the 2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), who had a live birth within 3 years preceding the survey were analyzed in the study. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association of pregnancy intention with ANC utilization.Results: Approximately one-fifth (20.9%) of the women had unintended pregnancy. Among all the women, 40.4% received their first ANC visit within the first three months of pregnancies, 47% had at least four ANC visits, 26.1% received all the components of ANC services, and 22.2% received an adequate dosage of supplementary iron-folic acid tablets/syrup. Women with unintended pregnancy were less likely to receive their first ANC visit within the first 3 months, four or more ANC visits, and all ANC services than those with intended pregnancy.Conclusion: Unintended pregnancy was inversely associated with the proper utilization of ANC among women in Bangladesh. Appropriate measures to reduce unintended pregnancy might foster the utilization of optimum antenatal care

Relation of obesity-related attitudes, knowledge, and eating behaviors with body weight and body shape satisfaction in 5th-grade Korean children

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic problem. The downward trend of an obesity onset age calls for research efforts on how to develop useful nutrition educational programs for children to maintain adequate body weight. Understanding the roles of objective and subjective body status in obesity-related attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors can provide important information. The current study aimed to examine obesity-related attitudes and knowledge and practices of eating behavior guidelines in relation to obesity and body shape satisfaction among children. The gender effect in the relations was also investigated. A self-administered survey was conducted with 260 fifth grade children at 2 public elementary schools in the suburbs of Seoul. Information on demographics, body size, body satisfaction, obesity-related attitudes and knowledge, and eating behaviors was collected. Study findings from one-way analysis of variance tests indicated no differences in mean scores of the attitudes, knowledge, and eating behaviors across the levels of obesity for both gender. The levels of body shape satisfaction was, however, found to be significantly related with the attitudes and eating behaviors in girls, while no such relation was seen in boys. Girls with lower body shape dissatisfaction had significantly more negative attitudes toward obesity which was not translated into practice of healthy eating behaviors. That is, contrary to general expectation, the level of practicing the eating behavior guidelines was significantly lower in those girls. While underlying reasons for this observation is not fully answered, gender-specific, body satisfaction-stratified, and behavior-focused approach in designing obesity prevention programs for elementary school girls is suggested efficient and useful

Peristaltic Flow of a Nanofluid under the Effect of Hall Current and Porous Medium

The problem of peristaltic flow of an incompressible viscous electrically conducting nanofluid in a vertical asymmetric channel through a porous medium is investigated by taking the Hall effects into account. The governing equations are formulated and simplified under the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The solutions for temperature and nanoparticle profiles are obtained by using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and closed form solutions for stream function and pressure gradient are developed. Finally, the effects of various emerging parameters on the physical quantities of interest are plotted and discussed

Flettner Rotor Optimization Through Modification

Oceans are the most crucial factor in maintaining global environmental equilibrium. Researchers are looking into the possibility of capturing wind power for shipping. Ship builders and owners provide several solutions based on the use of electrical power, low-polluting fuels, solar energy, and wind energy. The goal of this research is to learn more about using Flettner rotors as alternate sources of power and to create a new operational model for the rotor that could generate more power output from the currently available base model. Due to the sluggish market and glut of tonnage, the global shipping industry is now having difficulties. Only a few ships have wind-assisted technologies to help them save money on fuel. For the research, we have created a base model in the 3D program from the available data about the commercially used Flettner rotor, then we modified a number of variations for the model and compared the results we reached from the CFD software to find an outcome that is better than the current output of the base model, and the results have shown improvement for the lower wind speeds