Despido laboral por el uso del velo islámico

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.DER). Dereito. Curso 2016/201

Critical analysis of method used to establish environmental flows in the Segura river basin

Minimum environmental flows can be calculated by different methodologies. The main methods habitually used in Spain can be grouped under the headings of Hydrological or Habitat Simulation methodologies. As part of the planning process established by the WFD, the Subdirectorate General for Water Planning and Sustainable Use of the Spanish Environment Ministry has developed a standard that sets out the specific way in which these methodologies must be used to determine minimum environmental flows. In the present work, minimum environmental flow values have been determined using different criteria on nine reaches in the Segura river basin (Spain), on the main course and in several tributaries. Calculations have been made by the most habitual methods and considering the official flow estimation criteria defined in the Segura Basin Management Plan and Spanish Environment Ministry recommendations, including those set out in the new Hydrologic Planning Regulation (RPH). The results obtained have then been analysed and compared. The values obtained using the official methodologies and instructions have been evaluated taking into account the criterion of the water lamina created on each reach and considering whether this is adequate for fish movement.Departamento de Ecología de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Ecohidraulica S.L., Madrid. España

Nurse Implication for the Integral Care of Pressure Ulcers: Assessment and Treatment of Perilesional Skin

[Resumen] Hoy en día las úlceras por presión (UPP) siguen siendo un problema delicado y representan una carga considerable para el Sistema Sanitario. En el abordaje integral de las mismas, debemos de tener en cuenta entre otros muchos aspectos, el estado de la piel perilesional. Pero esta no se trata sólo de un simple factor, ya que varios estudios demuestran que con su valoración y tratamiento se consigue una mejora en la cicatrización de las heridas y, por tanto, en el pronóstico de curación. Por lo que una intervención precoz, correcta, eficaz e integral en el tratamiento; en la que se tenga en cuenta la perilesión como aspecto relevante, supondrá la excelencia en los cuidados enfermeros responsables y podrá reducir las consecuencias económicas y de salud de nuestros pacientes, beneficiando así también al Sistema Sanitario en general[Abstract] Nowadays pressure ulcers continue being a delicate problem and represent a significant burden for the Sanitary System. In their integral approach, we must pay attention among many other things, to the perilesional skin appearance. But this is not just a simple factor, several studies show that it is obtained an improvement in wound healing and pronostic with it assessment and treatment. That is why, an early, accurate, effective and comprehensive intervention in the treatment, in which perilesional skin is considered as a relevant aspect, will suppose the excellence at responsible nursing care and may reduce economic and health patients´ consequences, benefiting also Sanitary System in general.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FEP). Enfermaría. Curso 2013/201

A Framework for a New Approach to Empower Users Through Low-Cost and Do-It-Yourself Assistive Technology

[Abstract] Background: Assistive Technology (AT) refers to “assistive products and related systems and services developed for people to maintain or improve functioning and thereby to promote well-being”. Improving the process of design and creation of assistive products is an important step towards strengthening AT provision. Purpose: (1) to present a framework for designing and creating Low-Cost AT; (2) to display the preliminary results and evidence derived from applying the framework. Methodology: First, an evidence-based process was applied to develop and conceptualize the framework. Then, a pilot project to validate the framework was carried out. The sample was formed by 11 people with disabilities. The measure instruments were specific questionnaire, several forms of the Matching Person-Technology model, the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Device Scale, and a tool to assess the usability and universal design of AT. Results: The framework integrates three phases: Identification (Design), Creation (Making the prototype), and Implementation (Outcome Measures), based on the principles of Design Thinking, and with a user-centered perspective. The preliminary results showed the coherence of the entire process and its applicability. The matching between person and device was high, representing the importance of involving the user in the design and selection of AT. Conclusions: The framework is a guide for professionals and users to apply a Low-Cost and Do-It-Yourself perspective to the provision of AT. It highlights the importance of monitoring the entire procedure and measuring the effects, by applying the outcome measures.This research had the support for its publication by National Program of R + D+i oriented to the Challenges of Society 2019 (coordinated research) Grant number: PID2019-104323RB-C33. Ministry of science and innovation. The APC was funded by CITIC as a Research Center of the Galician University System is financed by the Consellería de Education, Universidades y Formación Profesional (Xunta de Galicia) through the ERDF (80%), Operational Program ERDF Galicia 2014–2020 and the remaining 20% by the Secretaria Xeral de Universidades (Ref. ED431G 2019/01)Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0

La intervención frente a la violencia laboral desde la psicología del trabajo. Enfoques, perspectivas y experiencias

Este trabajo desarrolla el itinerario realizado en el Programa de Extensión “Atención a Víctimas de Acoso Moral en el Trabajo” que, desde la Cátedra I de Psicología del Trabajo, de la Facultad de Psicología de la UBA, se iniciara en el 2007. En un principio, este Programa centró la mirada en los eventos de violencia laboral, particularmente la denominada violencia psicológica o mobbing. A lo largo de casi cuatro años, y desde una perspectiva de diagnóstico, intervención y prevención, se fue enriqueciendo y abriendo en enfoques y modalidades atentas a la complejidad de las situaciones laborales y del funcionamiento organizacional. Los objetivos que se plantearon tendían a la mejora en las condiciones anímicas de las víctimas de acoso laboral, a facilitar una mejor capacidad de afrontamiento y a fomentar la preservación de su potencialidad laboral. Paulatinamente, sin perder de vista la atención al proceso psicosocial de la violencia laboral, se incorporó, como una perspectiva más amplia, la mirada hacia los denominados factores de riesgo psicosocial, junto con la posibilidad de intervenir en las organizaciones laborales, lo que implicó la construcción y el desarrollo de nuevas herramientas y, sobre todo, de nuevas concientizaciones y consensos. El itinerario realizado fue enriqueciéndose en interacción con un proyecto de investigación y la realización de una práctica profesional

Definición del potencial ecológico en aguas fuertemente modificadas: aplicación en el tramo medio del río Tajo

El objetivo de este trabajo es doble, por un lado medir el grado de alteración hidrológica al que se ven sometidas las masas de agua del tramo medio del río Tajo, debido a la regulación de caudales, lo que las clasifica como masas hidrológicamente alteradas. En segundo lugar tratar de relacionar el grado de alteración hidrológica, con el estado ambiental definido por varios indicadores hidrobiológicos: bentos, macrófitas, peces y estado de las riberas

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for the assessment of myocardial disarray, fibrosis and ventricular mass in a feline model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution imaging modality that provides accurate tissue characterization. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) occurs as a spontaneous disease in cats, and is characterized by myocardial hypertrophy, disarray and fibrosis, as in humans. While hypertrophy/mass (LVM) can be objectively measured, fibrosis and myocyte disarray are difficult to assess. We evaluated the accuracy of micro-CT for detection and quantification of myocardial disarray and fibrosis by direct comparison with histopathology. 29 cat hearts (12 normal and 17 HCM hearts) underwent micro-CT and pathologic examination. Myocyte orientation was assessed using structure tensor analysis by determination of helical angle (HA), fractional anisotropy (FA) and myocardial disarray index (MDI). Fibrosis was segmented and quantified based on comparison of gray-scale values in normal and fibrotic myocardium. LVM was obtained by determining myocardial volume. Myocardial segments with low FA, low MDI and disruption of normal HA transmural profile on micro-CT were associated with myocardial disarray on histopathology. FA was consistently lower in HCM than normal hearts. Assessment of fibrosis on micro-CT closely matched the histopathologic evaluation. LVM determined by micro-CT was higher in HCM than normal hearts. Micro-CT can be used to detect and quantify myocardial disarray and fibrosis and determine myocardial mass in HCM

Beyond a platform protein for the degradosome assembly: the apoptosis-inducing factor as an efficient nuclease involved in chromatinolysis

The Apoptosis-Inducing Factor (AIF) is a moonlighting flavoenzyme involved in the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory complexes in healthy cells, but also able to trigger DNA cleavage and parthanatos. Upon apoptotic-stimuli, AIF redistributes from the mitochondria to the nucleus, where upon association with other proteins such as endonuclease CypA and histone H2AX, it is proposed to organize a DNA–degradosome complex. In this work, we provide evidence for the molecular assembly of this complex as well as for the cooperative effects among its protein components to degrade genomic DNA into large fragments. We have also uncovered that AIF has nuclease activity that is stimulated in the presence of either Mg2+ or Ca2+. Such activity allows AIF by itself and in cooperation with CypA to efficiently degrade genomic DNA. Finally, we have identified TopIB and DEK motifs in AIF as responsible for its nuclease activity. These new findings point, for the first time, to AIF as a nuclease able to digest nuclear dsDNA in dying cells, improving our understanding of its role in promoting apoptosis and opening paths for the development of new therapeutic strategies

Genetic transfer from several apomictic tetraploid Paspalum species to an elite group of sexual plants

Basic findings from classical genetic studies are available for exploiting apomixis in the breeding of several forage grass genera. Most Paspalum species are multiploid with a sexual diploid cytotype and conspecific apomictic polyploid (mainly tetraploid) cytotypes. Experimental tetraploidized diploids reproduce sexually and, when crossed with natural apomictic tetraploids, yield hybrid populations that segregate for reproductive mode. Genetic studies indicated that apomixis is inherited as a monogenic dominant factor. We recombined 50 selected sexual hybrids obtained from crosses between a tetraploidized sexual genotype of P. plicatulum and 9 natural apomictic tetraploid accessions of 6 species of the Plicatula group. A synthetic sexual tetraploid population (SSTP) of 600 individuals from mixed seed of the 50 intercrossed hybrids was space-planted in the field. Based on evaluations of plant vigor, seed set, ergot tolerance, regrowth after flowering, and cold tolerance, 31 plants were selected. Crosses between most selected plants and two testers, which belonged to P. guenoarum, were performed, and the generated progeny was planted into the field following a randomized block design with 3 replications. The progeny test was evaluated for seed fertility, biomass yield, and cold tolerance. This procedure allowed selection of 10 elite plants from the SSTP. These plants should contain genes recombined from six apomictic species, without the genetic determinants for apomixis. They may be polycrossed to generate an improved sexual population, or crossed with other apomictic genotypes to obtain improved apomictic hybrids.Fil: Novo, Patricia Elda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Acuña, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Urbani, Mario Hugo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Galdeano, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Espinoza, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Quarin, Camilo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentin

Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por movimiento ocular; ensayo piloto en pacientes bipolares, hipótesis de funcionamiento y revisión sistemática /

Existe una gran brecha entre la observación clínica y científica del papel del trastorno por estrés post-traumático (TEPT) y los acontecimientos traumáticos en la vida de paciente con diagnóstico de trastorno bipolar y la casi ausencia de guías de tratamiento para esta comorbilidad. En la práctica clínica del tratamiento del trastorno bipolar hay una ausencia importante de ensayos clínicos en terapias focalizadas en el trauma de pacientes bipolares. Dada la importancia del TEPT, los eventos traumáticos y los eventos vitales en el pronóstico y la evolución en pacientes con trastorno bipolar se deberán investigar y proporcionar las intervenciones basadas en la evidencia del trauma en el trastorno bipolar. El tratamiento psicoterapéutico "Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por movimiento ocular", más conocido por sus siglas en inglés EMDR ("Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing") es un tratamiento psicológico desarrollado por Francine Shapiro y actualmente está indicado para el tratamiento del TEPT por distintas organizaciones internacionales (American Psychological Association Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice, 2006; National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2005; Ursano y cols., 2004; World Health Organisation, 2013). EMDR se ha mostrado como una herramienta segura, útil y efectiva, siendo avalada por la evidencia científica para el tratamiento del TEPT. El presente trabajo de tesis expone los beneficios en sintomatología afectiva y traumática del primer ensayo clínico, aleatorizado y controlado de EMDR en una muestra de pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno bipolar con síntomas subsindrómicos que refieren haber sufrido eventos traumáticos. Los resultados positivos de este primer ensayo clínico de EMDR como terapia adyuvante en pacientes bipolares y síntomas subsindrómicos deberían fomentar que clínicos e investigadores se reunieran para la reflexión sobre los planes de atención e intervención más personalizada para las personas con trastorno bipolar y antecedentes traumáticas. Acompañando a este trabajo, se engloba la mejoría clínica y el inesperado hallazgo de la normalización en la red por defecto (default mode network, en inglés) en la resonancia magnética funcional de una paciente con trastorno bipolar, tipo II (en comparación con 30 sujetos sanos). El resultado obtenido abre otro camino de investigación en cuanto al mecanismo de acción de EMDR, la modulación de la red por defecto, que requiere estudios adicionales con muestras más grandes. Ambos estudios son estudios pilotos, por lo que se debe interpretar los resultados con prudencia. Además, aumentando la literatura sobre el mecanismo de acción de EMDR, se incluye un trabajo experimental que encuentra que los movimientos oculares no tienen un efecto directo sobre la memoria de trabajo. Por último, se complementa la tesis con un abordaje global del desarrollo clínico y científico del tratamiento EMDR. Lo que se realiza a través de un artículo de revisión donde se presenta el conocimiento sobre el protocolo estándar de EMDR, las hipótesis más importantes del mecanismo de acción de los movimientos oculares y la eficacia en el TEPT y en otras indicaciones. De todas formas, como en cualquier otra psicoterapia son necesarios más estudios para comprender mejor su eficacia clínica, su mecanismo de acción y las bases neurobiológicas subyacentes a EMDR.There is a large gap between clinical and scientific observation of the role of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic events in the life of a patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder and the almost absence of treatment guidelines for this comorbidity. In clinical practice, classically, trauma has not been considered as a risk factor for bipolar patients with a significant lack of clinical trials of therapies focused on adverse events. Given the importance of PTSD, traumatic events, and vital events in prognosis and outcome in patients with bipolar disorder, evidence-based interventions for trauma in bipolar disorder should be investigated and provided. The psychotherapeutic treatment "Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing" (EMDR) is a psychological treatment developed by Francine Shapiro and is currently indicated for the treatment of PTSD by different international organizations (American Psychological Association Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice, 2006, National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2005, Ursano et al., 2004, World Health Organization, 2013). EMDR has been shown to be a safe, useful and effective tool, supported by scientific evidence for the treatment of PTSD. The present thesis presents the benefits in affective and traumatic symptomatology of the first randomized, controlled trial of EMDR in a sample of bipolar I and II patients with subsyndromal symptoms and a history of traumatic events. This first positive sign results should encourage clinicians and researchers to conduct studies with larger samples in bipolar patients with a history of trauma to finally include a trauma focused therapy in a personalized care and intervention plan. In a functional neuroimaging study (fMRI) we presented the clinical improvement and the unexpected positive modulation of the Default Mode Network (DMN) after EMDR therapy of a patient with bipolar II disorder. The results of this case study possibly open an alternative way to study via fMRI the mechanism of action of EMDR, the modulation of the DMN in a larger sample. Both studies are pilot studies, whereas results are preliminary and should be interpreted with caution. In addition, we published another experimental work with respect to the mechanism of action of EMDR, which revealed that eye movements do not have a direct effect on working memory. Finally, the thesis is complemented by a global review about the clinical and scientific development of EMDR treatment. This article informs about the standard protocol of EMDR, the most important hypothesis of its mechanism of action and a systematic review on the efficacy in PTSD and other indications. One of the conclusions is that as in any other psychotherapy, further studies are needed to better understand its clinical efficacy, its mechanism of action and the underlying neurobiological basis for EMDR