A concentração financeira e geográfica da indústria de uniformes de futebol: Um tributo a Peter Donnelly

This essay pays tribute to Peter Donnelly, distinguished contributor to the development of the sociology of sport, by revisiting a prediction that he made in the 1980s, concerning the growing effects of commercialization in soccer. By looking at the official equipment provider of numerous soccer clubs and national soccer teams, totaling more than 250 cases, this research hints at the extent of the financial and geographical concentration of this branch of industrial activity. The paper then argues that, from the standpoint of the material production of equipment, the wide regional and national diversity of the world of professional soccer collapses into a rather homogeneous arena, in which a small number of multinational companies compete for hegemony – with clubs and national teams functioning, in essence, as representatives of the interests of large conglomerates.Este ensayo rinde homenaje a Peter Donnelly, un importante colaborador al desarrollo de la sociología del deporte, revisitando una predicción que hizo en la década de 1980 sobre los efectos de la creciente explotación comercial del fútbol. Considerando al proveedor oficial de uniformes deportivos para diversos clubes y selecciones nacionales de fútbol, que suman más de 250 casos, la presente investigación revela la magnitud de la concentración financiera y geográfica que caracteriza a una parte importante de este sector de actividad industrial. El artículo argumenta que, desde el punto de vista de la producción material de equipos deportivos, la enorme diversidad regional y nacional del mundo del fútbol profesional desaparece, dando lugar a un escenario bastante homogéneo, en el que un reducido número de empresas multinacionales luchan por hegemonía —con clubes y selecciones nacionales que actúan, en esencia, como representantes de los intereses de grandes conglomerados.Este ensaio presta homenagem a Peter Donnelly, importante colaborador do desenvolvimento da sociologia do esporte, ao revisitar uma previsão que ele fez na década de 1980, sobre os efeitos da crescente exploração comercial do futebol. Levando em consideração o fornecedor oficial de uniformes esportivos para diversos clubes e seleções nacionais de futebol, totalizando mais de 250 casos, a presente pesquisa revela a magnitude da concentração financeira e geográfica que caracteriza uma parcela significativa desse ramo de atividade industrial. Em seguida, o artigo argumenta que, do ponto de vista da produção material de equipamentos esportivos, a enorme diversidade regional e nacional do mundo do futebol profissional desaparece, dando lugar a um cenário bastante homogêneo, no qual um pequeno número de empresas multinacionais luta por hegemonia – com clubes e seleções nacionais atuando, em essência, como representantes dos interesses de grandes conglomerados

Formas de pedidos na entrevista terapêutica /

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão

OS JOGOS QUE OS ACADÊMICOS JOGAM: UMA CONVERSA COM MICHAEL BURAWOY

Michael Burawoy, former president of the American Sociological Association and the International Sociological Association, is one of the most distinguished social scientists of the early 21st century. Having been engaged in ethnographic fieldwork for a great deal of his academic career, Burawoy has lately turned his attention to the internal divisions of labour in his discipline, engendering a compelling analysis which culminated in his case for public sociology. In the following conversation, Burawoy draws upon examples from his ethnographic research to address prevalent themes in the sociology of sport. He articulates his views on the social movements that have recently erupted in various parts of the world, and provides an incisive critique of the commodification of sports and leisure.Michael Burawoy, ex presidente de la American Sociological Association y la Asociación Internacional de Sociología, es uno de los científicos sociales más importantes de principios del siglo XXI. Después de hacer trabajo de campo en la investigación etnográfica en gran parte de su carrera académica, recientemente Burawoy dirigió su atención a las divisiones del trabajo interno en su disciplina, creando un análisis convincente que culminó en su defensa de la sociología pública. En la siguiente conversación, Burawoy utiliza ejemplos de su investigación etnográfica para abordar las cuestiones predominantes en la sociología del deporte. Él formula sus puntos de vista sobre los movimientos sociales que estallaron recientemente en muchas partes del mundo y presenta una incisiva crítica de la mercantilización del deporte y el ocio.Michael Burawoy, ex-presidente da American Sociological Association e da International Sociological Association, é um dos cientistas sociais mais destacados do início do século XXI. Depois de ter realizado trabalho de campo em pesquisa etnográfica durante boa parte de sua carreira acadêmica, Burawoy recentemente direcionou sua atenção às divisões do trabalho internas à sua disciplina, produzindo uma análise instigante que culminou em sua defesa da sociologia pública. Na conversa a seguir, Burawoy usa exemplos de sua pesquisa etnográfica para abordar temas predominantes na sociologia do esporte. Ele formula suas visões sobre os movimentos sociais que eclodiram recentemente em várias partes do mundo e apresenta uma crítica incisiva à mercantilização do esporte e do lazer

Eficiência e equidade da universidade pública no Brasil : uma análise comparativa de modelos de financiamento

A avaliação dos efeitos das políticas públicas é essencial para uma boa utilização dos recursos tributários e para o desenvolvimento de desenhos que permitam atingir os melhores resultados possíveis. Seguidamente, uma política pública mal desenhada acaba causando efeitos perversos para a eficiência e a equidade da economia. As intervenções voltadas ao ensino superior não são exceção. Neste trabalho, procura-se verificar a hipótese de que o atual modelo de financiamento das universidades públicas brasileiras, em que não há cobrança direta aos estudantes, apresenta resultados piores em termos de eficiência e equidade do que formulações alternativas de políticas. Para isso, foi construído um modelo que captura os condicionantes da decisão dos jovens entre trabalhar e cursar uma universidade para três diferentes propostas de ação governamental no financiamento do ensino superior: a universidade pública gratuita atualmente em vigor; a introdução de uma taxa aos estudantes correspondente a parte do custo de sua educação; e a cobrança apenas daqueles que estudam, sem a socialização dos custos por meio de impostos aos que não ocupam uma vaga. Com essa estrutura, foi possível comparar os resultados de cada modelo em termos de eficiência, equidade ex-post de fluxos de renda e equidade ex-ante de oportunidades. A análise desses resultados corrobora a hipótese preliminar, pois a política baseada em universidades gratuitas criou um trade-off entre eficiência e equidade, isto é, a impossibilidade de alcançar simultaneamente a esses dois objetivos. As propostas alternativas de financiamento apresentaram desempenhos melhores, uma vez que permitiram a redução ou a eliminação desse trade-off.The evaluation of the effects of public policies is essential for a good using of tax resources and for the development of policy designs that allow the best possible results to be achieved. A poorly designed public policy often ends up having perverse effects on the efficiency and the equity of the economy. Interventions aimed at higher education are no exception. In this paper, we try to verify the hypothesis that the current model of financing of Brazilian public universities, in which there is no direct charging from the students, presents worse results in terms of efficiency and equity than alternative formulations of policies. For this pourpose, we have constructed a model that captures the determinants of the decision of young people between working and joining a university for three different proposals of governmental action in the financing of higher education: the free public university currently in force; the introduction of a fee to students corresponding to part of the cost of their education; and the charging of only those who study, without the socialization of costs through taxes to those who do not hold a degree. With this structure, it was possible to compare the results of each model in terms of efficiency, ex-post equity of income flows and ex-ante equity of opportunities. The analysis of these results corroborates the preliminary hypothesis, since the policy based on tuition-free universities created a trade-off between efficiency and equity, that is, the impossibility of simultaneously reaching these two objectives. The alternative financing proposals presented better performances, since they allowed the reduction or elimination of this trade-off

Metodologias de Desenvolvimento de Produtos em Consultorias

Junto ao acelerado movimento de empresas em busca do desenvolvimento de novos produtos para obter diferenciação no mercado, tendo em vista que muitas delas não tem uma infraestrutura com times de desenvolvimento formados de maneira robusta, um mercado que ganhou espaço é a Consultoria de desenvolvimento de novos produtos, onde um dos fatores mais importantes é a metodologia de desenvolvimento atrelado ao gerenciamento adequado das atividades. Desta forma, o presente artigo tem por objetivo abordar as metodologias existentes e propor uma metodologia simplificada para uso nas consultorias de desenvolvimento de produtos, tendo por resultados esperados uma metodologia padronizada e que permita a utilização das boas práticas aplicadas ao Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos por empresas de Consultoria quando na execução dos mesmos em empresas de diferentes segmentos, focado nas fases iniciais de desenvolvimento

Brazilian guidelines for the management of brain-dead potential organ donors : the task force of the AMIB, ABTO, BRICNet, and the General Coordination of the National Transplant System

Objective: To contribute to updating the recommendations for brain-dead potential organ donor management. Method: A group of 27 experts, including intensivists, transplant coordinators, transplant surgeons, and epidemiologists, joined a task force formed by the General Coordination Ofce of the National Transplant System/Brazilian Ministry of Health (CGSNT-MS), the Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine (AMIB), the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation (ABTO), and the Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network (BRICNet). The questions were developed within the scope of the 2011 Brazilian Guidelines for Management of Adult Potential Multiple-Organ Deceased Donors. The topics were divided into mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic support, endocrine-metabolic management, infection, body temperature, blood transfusion, and use of checklists. The outcomes considered for decision-making were cardiac arrest, number of organs recovered or transplanted per donor, and graft function/sur‑ vival. Rapid systematic reviews were conducted, and the quality of evidence of the recommendations was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Two expert panels were held in November 2016 and February 2017 to classify the recommendations. A systematic review update was performed in June 2020, and the recommendations were reviewed through a Delphi process with the panelists between June and July 2020. Results A total of 19 recommendations were drawn from the expert panel. Of these, 7 were classified as strong (lung-protective ventilation strategy, vasopressors and combining arginine vasopressin to control blood pressure, antidiuretic hormones to control polyuria, serum potassium and magnesium control, and antibiotic use), 11 as weak (alveolar recruitment maneuvers, low-dose dopamine, low-dose corticosteroids, thyroid hormones, glycemic and serum sodium control, nutritional support, body temperature control or hypothermia, red blood cell transfusion, and goal-directed protocols), and 1 was considered a good clinical practice (volemic expansion). Conclusion Despite the agreement among panel members on most recommendations, the grade of recommendation was mostly weak. The observed lack of robust evidence on the topic highlights the importance of the present guideline to improve the management of brain-dead potential organ donors

“My life during the lockdown”: emotional experiences of european adolescents during the COVID-19 crisis

This study investigates, using an online self-report questionnaire, adolescents' emotional reactions during the lockdown in a sample of 2105 secondary school students (aged 14-19) in Italy, Romania, and Croatia. We used a self-reported online questionnaire (answers on a 5-point scale or binary), composed of 73 questions investigating the opinions, feelings, and emotions of teenagers, along with sociodemographic information and measures of the exposure to lockdown. The survey was conducted online through a web platform in Italy (between 27 April and 15 June 2020), Romania, and Croatia (3 June and 2 July 2020). Students aged >14 years, living in a small flat, and not spending time outside were more likely to report anger, sadness, boredom/emptiness, and anxiety. Boys were significantly less likely than girls to report all measured emotional reactions. Those who lost someone from COVID-19 were more than twice as likely to experience anger compared to those who did not. Our findings may help identifying adolescents more likely to report negative emotional reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic and inform public health strategies for improving mental health among adolescents during/after the COVID-19 crisis

Evaluating SKI as a candidate gene for non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate

Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common of all congenital malformations and has a multifactorial etiology. Findings in mice suggest that the v-ski sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (SKI) gene is a candidate gene for orofacial clefting. In humans, a significant association between rs2843159 within SKI and NSCL/P has been reported in patients from the Philippines and South America. In the South American patients, the association was driven by the subgroup of patients with non-syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO). Here we investigated the association with rs2843159 in a Mayan Mesoamerican population (172 NSCL/P patients and 366 controls). In addition, we analyzed the phenotypic subgroups NSCLO and non-syndromic cleft of lip and palate (NSCLP). A trend towards association between rs2843159 and NSCL/P was observed in the Mayan cohort (P = 0.097), and we found a stronger association in the NSCLP subgroup (P = 0.072) despite a limited sample size. To investigate whether other common variants within the SKI gene contribute to NSCL/P susceptibility in European and Asian populations, we also analyzed genotypic data from two recent genome-wide association studies using set-based statistical approaches. These analyses detected a trend toward association in the European population. Our data provide limited support for the hypothesis that common SKI variants are susceptibility factors for NSCL/P