15,222 research outputs found
Bowel problems and coping strategies in people with multiple sclerosis.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease, estimated to affect 100,000 people in the UK. Bowel symptoms are reported to be common in MS, with constipation affecting 29-43% and faecal incontinence affecting just over 50%. Both have an impact on quality of life. Very little is known about how people with MS manage their bowels and the effectiveness of different interventions. We conducted a 2-part survey of people with MS and bowel problems. MS Society members were invited to participate in an online survey: 155 replied. 47 people additionally filled in a more detailed postal questionnaire. In this self-selected sample, 34% spend more than 30 minutes a day managing their bowel. Managing bowel function was rated as having an impact equal to mobility difficulties on quality of life. Respondents used a wide range of strategies to manage their bowel but few were rated as very helpful. There is a need for high quality research on all aspects of managing bowel dysfunction in MS in order to improve patients' quality of life
A nursing assessment tool for adults with fecal incontinence.
Fecal incontinence affects slightly more than 1% of community-dwelling adults. This article describes an assessment format, with a research basis when available, that has been developed in a specialist nursing clinic in the United Kingdom. The focus is on how to obtain the most useful information from the patient to plan appropriate nursing interventions. A subsequent article will describe the biofeedback program developed as part of a package of care to meet individual needs of persons with fecal incontinence
An investigation of surface albedo variations during the recent sahel drought
Applications Technology Satellite 3 green sensor data were used to measure surface reflectance variations in the Sahara/Sahel during the recent drought period; 1967 to 1974. The magnitude of the seasonal reflectance change is shown to be as much as 80% for years of normal precipitation and less than 50% for drought years. Year to year comparisons during both wet and dry seasons reveal the existence of a surface reflectance cycle coincident with the drought intensity. The relationship between the green reflectance and solar albedo is examined and estimated to be about 0.6 times the reflectance change observed by the green channel
Cable insulation cut-through tester
Device accurately measures cut-through load within specified time or time when cut-through occurs at specific load. Tests are performed at ambient conditions or in an environmental chamber
Controlled Environment Agriculture: A Pilot Project
The controlled-environment agricultural (CEA)
project discussed in this report was first conceived for
the Wildwood Air Force Station in Kenai, Alaska, in
1972. The region contained high unemployment and a
U.S. Air Force Station that had just closed. The Kenai
Native Association, Inc. (KNA), was to take possession
of the Air Force Station through land transfers associated
with the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act,
and this corporation was interested in expanding
business and employment opportunities for local
people. The University of Alaska Agricultural Experiment
Station (AES) contacted KNA to determine if it
had a facility which might be adaptable for use in a
research and development program in controlled-
1
environment agriculture. It was determined that such
a facility was available. Subsequently, AES and KNA
contacted the General Electric Company (GE) in
Syracuse, New York, to determine its interest in such a
project. GE had extensive background in lighting technology
and environmental control systems and the
engineering capability to develop a total system for
CEA production. It was agreed that GE would provide
technological expertise and AES would provide horticultural
and economic expertise for the growing and
marketing of a variety of salad crops. KNA would
manage the project, employ the nontechnical people,
and provide the building.
The Wildwood site was selected because it contained
two buildings which were thought to be well
suited for CEA production. One building would provide
sufficient inside space for a 1/4-acre pilot production
plant, nine small research modules , a laboratory ,
offices, a training area, and space for preparing the
crop for shipping. A second building near the first
contained three diesel generators which were to be
converted to natural gas to provide power for the
production facility.The Controlled Environment Agriculture Project
at Wildwood Village, Kenai, Alaska, spanned a period
of five years. During that time, three agencies: Kenai
Native Association, Inc.; General Electric Company;
and University of Alaska Agricultural Experiment Station
, were responsible for the management, research,
and production activities. Many persons from these
agencies who participated in all phases of the project
are acknowledged for their participation and support.
This report summarizes work began in 1972 and
concluded in 1977 on controlled-environment agriculture
in facilities located at Wildwood Village, Kenai,
Alaska, managed by the Kenai Native Association , Inc.
The authors wish to express their appreciation to
all those who have participated in the preparation of
this bulletin. Particular acknowledgment is given to:
Dr. Gerald Carlson, U.S .D.A., Beltsville, Maryland; Dr.
Donald Dinkel, University of Alaska, Agricultural
Experiment Station; Dr. Delbert Hemphill, Oregon
State University ; John Monfor, Kenai Native Association,
Inc.; Dr. Eion Scott, General Electric Company;
and Dr. Norman Whittlesey, Washington State University,
who thoroughly reviewed the contract document
Fecal incontinence: the quality of reported randomized, controlled trials in the last ten years.
This study was designed to analyze the characteristics and the quality of reporting of randomized, controlled trials published during the last ten years on fecal incontinence
VAMP: A computer program for calculating volume, area, and mass properties of aerospace vehicles
A computerized procedure developed for analyzing aerospace vehicles evaluates the properties of elemental surface areas with specified thickness by accumulating and combining them with arbitrarily specified mass elements to form a complete evaluation. Picture-like images of the geometric description are capable of being generated
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