Gaya Pengurusan Kuasa Di Kalangan Pengetua Institusi Pendidikan : Satu Kajian Ke Atas Pengetua-pengetua Sekolah Menengah Di Daerah Kota Setar, Kedah.

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of principles in managing the power given in relation to the leadership styles with their own perception and the teacher’s perception. This study also examined the significant differences between power management and demographic factors such as gender, school location and categories of school. This study involved 17 principles and 340 teachers and only 356 usable responses had positively responded and later analyzed. The Leadership Behaviour Descriptive Questionnaire translated by Khalid Ashari (1996) was used to measure the styles of power management carried out by principles. There was some adjustment made for the instruments and the test was conducted. The Cronbach Alpha value obtained was 0.8830. Furthermore five hypotheses were constructed and applied using the Pearson Correlation Test and t-test. . As for the hypotheses 1 through 2 the Pearson Correlation test was used. Likewise the other 3 hypotheses, t-test was used instead. All the hypotheses were tested at the 0.05 level of significant. In sum; the finding of this study indicated that: (1) there was a significant relationship between the style of the power management on teacher’s perception of the principle. (2) there was significant relationship between the style of the power management on principle’s perception. (3) There were significant differences between the styles of power management and the gender. (4) no significant differences between power management and school location and categories of school.Despite of the findings, the overall survey indicated that the principles of Kota Setar District had successfully able to carry out their power particularly in their aspects especially under self management, the plans and goals and as well as the communication category. Detail descriptions as to why all the hypotheses were accepted were explored. In brief, avenues of the research were proposed too

Options for the supply of electricity to rural homes in South Africa

The residential sector in South Africa is being electrified by the South African government on a priority basis. For this purpose, both grid and off-grid electrification options are being used. As off-grid option, 50 Watt Solar Home Systems (SHS) is being provided to consumers in remote rural areas where grid connection is inaccessible. But the SHS of the mentioned size can hardly produce 0.3 to 0.4 kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity per day, even under the best solar conditions. This electric energy is substantially lesser than the Basic Electric Energy (BEE = 50 kWh per month), being utilized in the country free of cost by grid connected low income households. In this research work, efforts have been made to determine the most economical options in South Africa’s rural areas with off-grid capacity equivalent to BEE. For analysis, off-grid/micro grid options have been compared not only with one another but also with grid connection. To incorporate renewable resources spatial variations, the work has been carried out at provincial level with the period 2014 to 2050. From analysis, it has been found that currently grid-connection is marginally better than off-grid options. But due to increasing grid connection cost and development in the off-grid technologies, the later with generation equivalent to BEE will be a more attractive option to electrify South African rural areas

Effect of Mergers on Financial Growth of Commercial Banks in Kenya

Mergers perform a critical role in corporate finance in enabling firms achieve varied objectives and financial strategies. Firms merge due to various reasons but most do so to increase their profitability and gain a greater market share. The study examined the commercial banks that have merged in Kenya from 2005 to 2016. The primary objective of the study was to establish the effect of mergers on the financial growth of commercial banks in Kenya and was guided by the following variables; loan portfolio, interest income, operating expenses and bank deposits. The findings confirm whether mergers of commercial banks leads to increased profitability. The study was also based on the theory of financial synergy, free cash flow, the theory of efficiency and market power hypothesis. The research adopted a descriptive survey research design to establish the relationship between mergers and the financial growth of commercial banks in Kenya. Keywords: Financial growth, mergers, synergy, loan portfolio, interest income, synergy

The Impact of Financial Risks on the Firms’ Performance

Firms are exposed to a variety of risks including credit risk, liquidity risk, foreign exchange risk, market risk and interest rate risk. An efficient risk management system is needed in time in order to control these risks. Managing risk is one of the basic tasks to be done, once it has been identified and known. The risk and return are directly related to each other, which means that increasing one will subsequently increase the other and vice versa. Financial risks have a great impact on firm’s performance. The study also assessed the current risk management practices of the firms and linked them with the firms’ financial performance. The findings confirm whether financial risks can be contained or managed in order for firms to achieve profit maximization for its shareholders. Keywords: Financial Risk; Firm’s Performance; Interest rate parity; Liquidity gap; Liquidity risk; Risk Management

Impact of climate change on air quality and public health in urban areas

This review discusses how climate undergo changes and the effect of climate change on air quality as well as public health. It also covers the inter relationship between climate and air quality. The air quality discussed here are in relation to the 5 criteria pollutants; ozone (O3), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter (PM). Urban air pollution is the main concern due to higher anthropogenic activities in urban areas. The implications on health are also discussed. Mitigating measures are presented with the final conclusion

Omega grey wolf optimizer (ωGWO) for optimization of overcurrent relays coordination with distributed generation

Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) overcurrent relays (OCRs) are among protective devices installed in electrical power distribution networks. The devices are used to detect and isolate the faulty area from the system in order to maintain the reliability and availability of the electrical supply during contingency condition. The overall protection coordination is thus very complicated and could not be satisfied using the conventional method moreover for the modern distribution system. This thesis apply a meta-heuristic algorithm called Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) to minimize the overcurrent relays operating time while fulfilling the inequality constraints. GWO is inspired by the hunting behavior of the grey wolf which have firm social dominant hierarchy. Comparative studies have been performed in between GWO and the other well-known methods such as Differential Evolution (DE), Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO) and Biogeographybased Optimizer (BBO), to demonstrate the efficiency of the GWO. The study is resumed with an improvement to the original GWO’s exploration formula named as Omega-GWO (ωGWO) to enhance the hunting ability. The ωGWO is then implemented to the realdistribution network with the distributed generation (DG) in order to investigate the drawbacks of the DG insertion towards the original overcurrent relays configuration setting. The GWO algorithm is tested to four different test cases which are IEEE 3 bus (consists of six OCRs), IEEE 8 bus (consists of 14 OCRs), 9 bus (consists of 24 OCRs) and IEEE 15 bus (consists of 42 OCRs) test systems with normal inverse (NI) characteristic curve for all test cases and very inverse (VI) curve for selected cases to test the flexibility of the GWO algorithm. The real-distribution network in Malaysia which originally without DG is chosen, to investigate and recommend the optimal DG placement that have least negative impact towards the original overcurrent coordination setting. The simulation results from this study has established that GWO is able to produce promising solutions by generating the lowest operating time among other reviewed algorithms. The superiority of the GWO algorithm is proven with relays’ operational time are reduced for about 0.09 seconds and 0.46 seconds as compared to DE and PSO respectively. In addition, the computational time of the GWO algorithm is faster than DE and PSO with the respective reduced time is 23 seconds and 37 seconds. In Moreover, the robustness of GWO algorithm is establish with low standard deviation of 1.7142 seconds as compared to BBO. The ωGWO has shown an improvement for about 55% and 19% compared to other improved and hybrid method of GA-NLP and PSO-LP respectively and 0.7% reduction in relays operating time compared to the original GWO. The investigation to the DG integration has disclosed that the scheme is robust and appropriate to be implemented for future system operational and topology revolutions

Pengekstrakan Ciri Secara Manual Sel Serviks (Manual Features Extraction Of Cervical Cells)

Digital image processing is a wide field and covers various fields including the medical diagnosis field. The objective of this project is to design a new software using Borland C++ Software, to extract features from cervix cancer cell which is the second most killer for women. This software is build to overcome the method which is used normally. Extraction method through conventional often encounters problem in differentiating between object and background because certain images are blur or consist a lot of impurities. Measurement through conventional method is just an assumption because here, ability of human vision is limited and the process takes a long time. The characterize that is being extract are size and grey level of nucleus and cytoplasm. Extraction characteristics can be carried out by implementing two methods which are segmentation and extraction. Segmentation is done using threshold technique whereas extraction is done based on region growing technique. Segmentation is apply to to increase the difference between nucleus, cytoplasm and its background before region growing is done against the segmented image. 60 images which were acquired from Hospital of University Science Malaysia were extracted using this software. From the correlation test which was been done between the data extracted using software and the data extracted through conventional, showed that designed software was able to extract the cell characteristic efficiently and confidently. Data that was extracted will be used by neural network to categorize the risk of cell. Hopefully with this software, diagnosis process for cervix cancer would be easier and eventually more life’s can be saved in the future

Career Choice Factors and Clinical Performance among Health Sciences Students

The issue of youths’ employment decisions has piqued the curiosity of many people because it could shape future life. The study explores the association between career choice factors and clinical performance among 112 final-year health sciences students. An online questionnaire found that educational qualifications, lifestyle, ability to interact with others, job availability, and parental advice significantly correlated with clinical performance. The career choice factor is crucial because it impacts academic achievement and future career prospects. Institutions of higher learning should provide information on job descriptions and career opportunities to aid career decision-making, particularly for the health sciences profession. Keywords: Career Choice; Clinical Performance; Undergraduate; Health Sciences eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2023. The Authors. Published for AMER & cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v8i24.461

TUTORS AND STUDENTS ACTIVITIES IN ONLINE ARABIC LEARNING: A FREEDOM TO LEARN PERSPECTIVE

Arabic learning amid the Covid-19 pandemic has changed offline to online. At the same time, the government launched a merdeka belajar (freedom to learn) program. Therefore, activities that support Arabic learning are needed. This article aimed to describe the tutors' and students' activities to improve the student’s Arabic skills at UIN Antasari Banjarmasin from freedom to learn perspective. A descriptive qualitative method was used by collecting data using a survey towards students, and interviews with tutors and Language Development Unit (UPB) staff. The results of this study described tutors' and students' activities in online Arabic learning. Tutors' activities are described by the personality of tutors, teaching materials, media, methods, and learning motivation. The students' activities are described by the process of online Arabic learning and the efforts made to improve their Arabic skills. Based on tutors' and students' activities, it was found that tutors and students applied a good learning culture through activities that support the mastery of Arabic in listening, speaking, reading, and writing

An intelligent approach for enhancing the Quality of Service in IoMT based on 5G

The concept and growth of superior individualized healthcare technologies are influenced in significant ways by the emerging areas of “Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT)”. Most people use wearable devices for mHealth, hence there are many potential applications for the “Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)”. Only 5G can provide the necessary support for smart medical devices to perform many different types of demanding computing activities. Today, heart disease was the major mortality on a global scale. For patients who need a greater accurate diagnosis and treatment, the advancement of medical innovation has created new obstacles. Although many studies have focused on diagnosing cardiac disease, the findings are often inaccurate and fail to fulfill patients' expectations of quality of service (QoS). So, this paper introduces a novel “feed-forward Bi-directional long-short term memory (FF-Bi-LSTM) algorithm to predict heart disease more accurately with enhanced QoS in IoMT based on 5G”. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and min-max normalization are employed, respectively, for preprocessing and feature extraction. The efficacy of the suggested approach is measured using several different metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. The proposed method is also compared to certain existing techniques. These results show that the suggested strategy outperforms existing strategies in terms of improving QoS