Verdades e Mitos sobre os impactos da alimentação saudável e atividade física na saúde cardíaca e qualidade de vida

RESUMO: As doenças cardiovasculares têm ampla relação com a recorrente prática de atividades físicas e uma alimentação saudável, todavia, será discutido que o uso de fármacos em situações específicas também é imprescindível. Esse trabalho busca identificar quanto uma mudança no hábito de vida (como a prática de exercícios físicos e uma alimentação saudável) influencia na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares. Trata-se de uma mini revisão integrativa de literatura, com intuito de responder uma questão norteadora: A prática de atividade física, aliada a um estilo de vida saudável, reduz os riscos de doenças cardiovasculares? Para isso, foram selecionados 6 artigos, que possuíam duas diferentes vertentes: a considerável influência positiva deuma rotina saudável nos parâmetros cardiovasculares e a baixa relevância em casos específicos, como em pacientes que apresentam obesidade ou sobrepeso e diabetes tipo II. Dessa forma, com esse estudo foi alcançado o objetivo de avaliar os impactos da prática de atividade física e uma alimentação balanceada, que se mostraram relevantes na maioria dos artigos. Contudo, em um dos artigos analisados, foi reveladoque tais medidas não foram suficientes para diminuir o risco de doenças cardiovasculares, sendo necessário o uso de fármacos e outras medidas alternativas associadas

Construindo conhecimento para vida: ensino de primeiros socorros nas escolas para adolescentes

Objective: To analyze the impact of teaching first aid on the knowledge of adolescents. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, carried out in October 2022, through the databases of the Virtual Health Library, namely: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, the Database of Nursing and the Latino Literature -American and Caribbean Health Sciences. Results: Educational interventions were used with the application of active methodologies to boost knowledge about first aid. It appears that, before the interventions, the adolescents lacked the theme, however after the strategies they were satisfied with the acquired knowledge; moreover, regarding the professionals involved, the nursing professional who provides learning programs in schools stands out. Final Considerations: It is clear that the teaching of first aid in the knowledge of adolescents generates a significant impact, in view of their evolution regarding their understanding of the subject.Objetivo: Analisar o impacto do ensino de primeiros socorros no conhecimento dos adolescentes. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em outubro de 2022, através das bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, sendo elas: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, a Base de Dados de Enfermagem e a Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde. Resultados: Foram utilizadas intervenções educativas com a aplicação de metodologias ativas para impulsionar o conhecimento sobre primeiros socorros. Constata-se que, os adolescentes antes das intervenções possuíam carência quanto à temática, entretanto após as estratégias apresentaram satisfação nos conhecimentos adquiridos; ademais, sobre os profissionais envolvidos, destaca-se o profissional da enfermagem que propicia os programas de aprendizado nas escolas. Considerações Finais: É notório que o ensino de primeiros socorros no conhecimento dos adolescentes gera um impacto significativo, tendo em vista a evolução dos mesmos quanto ao entendimento sobre a temática

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Fatty acid profiles of three commercial shrimp from southeastern Brazil

This study describes the fatty acid (FA) composition of three commercially important species of shrimp, from a region with the largest mangrove forests in Brazil. Fatty acids composition shows the nutritional quality of the shrimps and their importance as a node of energy transfer in the trophic web. The FA profiles of three shrimp species with different life cycles were collected from Cananeia, Sao Paulo, Brazil: Xiphopenaeus spp. (offshore), Penaeus schmitti and Penaeus paulensis (both mangrove dependent). A total of 29 different FAs were detected in their FA profile. However, each species presented a different profile of FAs. The fatty acids 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 omega 9, 20:5 omega 3 (EPA) and 22:6 omega 3 (DHA) contributed for the significant differences between the shrimp species. The restricted occurrence of Xiphopenaeus spp. in the marine region explained the difference in the FA concentration compared with the P. schmitti and P. paulensis shrimps, that spend part of their life cycle in the mangrove. The study highlights that these shrimps are essential sources of FAs in the trophic web and are valuable for human health, especially the polyunsaturated FAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)