Sustainable Procurement of Wood and Paper-Based Products: Version 3

Version 3 of this guide incorporates the most up-to-date developments on the legality of forest products, new technological developments to control wood and paper supply chains and increase their transparency, and an expanded chapter on the social implications of forest products.Decisions regarding the purchase and use of wood and paper-based products can have far-reaching, long-term impacts on the forests where they are harvested and the people and industries that depend on those forests for their livelihoods and raw materials.This joint WRI/WBCSD publication provides information about 10 key issues procurement managers might address as they develop and implement their procurement policies

Building Safe Community Spaces for Immigrant Families, one Library at a Time

In today’s political climate, supporting the needs of young children from Latinx immigrant families has become increasingly difficult at the community, institutional, state, and federal levels. This essay is about a group of Latinx families who participated in an innovative early literacy program at a county public library branch in the migration setting of the U.S. Southeast known as the New Latino Diaspora (Hamann, Wortham, Murillo, 2015). We describe the program and its role in building a safe and welcoming environment for Latinx students and their families. We include the voices of the librarian and parents who had never before participated in a family literacy series for Spanish-speaking immigrants. We conclude with a discussion about factors that foster an inclusive community space for educational experiences

Obres al port esportiu de Port Ginesta : canvi de pantalans amb sistema per pontona

En el present treball ens plau exposar un sistema innovador, emprat per el port esportiu de Port Ginesta (Castelldefels), en la realització de l’obra del canvi de pantalans que formen la seva estructura a causa de la seva degradació. A grans trets els objectius que ens proposem són els de donar a conèixer l’enginy d’un sistema capaç de realitzar les operacions més delicades amb un alt grau d’eficiència. De entre les seves millors virtuts destaquem, el fet de donar una gran simplicitat de funcionament, així com la d’aconseguir un alt grau de compenetració amb l’activitat portuària. Fugint d’aquesta forma de la necessitat de grans inversions en maquinaria pesada o empreses externes que puguin aturar l’activitat portuària habitual. Així observem com, gràcies a aquest sistema, el port gaudeix d’una gran independència a l’hora d’afrontar aquest tipus reformes, lo qual té una gran importància a nivell econòmic i logístic

ManuAll: creación y compendio de un manual antropométrico y ergonómico para el diseño

Al determinar estandarizaciones, los espacios y objetos son capaces de excluir a quienes van fuera de los patrones. La búsqueda de un cuerpo normativo y de proporciones idealizadas ha persistido desde el Renacimiento, favoreciendo las jerarquías sociales y descartando a los cuerpos no normativos. La perpetuación de estas ideas a través de libros e imágenes, incluida la literatura fundamental en el mundo académico, tiene efectos duraderos. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa basada en el diagrama de “privilegio-dominio” de Patricia Hill Collins, esta investigación analiza manuales antropométricos de diferentes contextos y épocas. Los resultados revelan una escasa o nula representación de determinados grupos y la prevalencia de escalas humanas que replican ideologías, sexualizan los cuerpos y pasan por alto la discapacidad o los cambios del cuerpo a lo largo del tiempo. Simultáneamente, un estudio cualitativo en el que participan diversos diseñadores, arquitectos y profesionales de industrias afines de diversas edades y contextos geográficos examina el uso de la escala humana en los procesos de diseño. Se descubre que, mientras que las escalas se priorizan predominantemente en las presentaciones a clientes o en los medios de comunicación, los valores implícitos relacionados con las medidas corporales aprendidos durante la formación profesional a menudo no se cuestionan y se reproducen a través de bibliotecas digitales o se arraigan en la educación universitaria. Teniendo en cuenta las implicaciones para la salud de la ergonomía y la antropometría, se propone un enfoque alternativo: la creación de un manual exhaustivo sobre antropometría y ergonomía para el diseño que incorpore tres características fundamentales: 1) evitar la reproducción de jerarquías o sesgos que perjudiquen a determinados colectivos, 2) ser fácilmente actualizable y portable para escenarios profesionales (como oficinas u obras de construcción), y 3) proporcionar una fácil accesibilidad

Foot orthoses for people with rheumatoid arthritis, involving quantitative and qualitative outcomes : protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves changes to foot structure and function, and there is an association between RA and foot pain. This pain affects those patient’s physical activity and experience of daily living. While there is clinical evidence for the value of foot orthoses (FO) on foot pain, there is a wide range of FO available and there is little evidence on the relative benefits of one orthoses type over another, especially in terms of their impact on physical activity and associated well-being. The aim of this study is to compare physical activity, general and foot health and foot health experiences in people with RA when wearing three different types of FO. Methods and analysis: A randomised controlled trial with three arms will compare the effects of (1) custom FO made using a direct adaptation technique, (2) custom FO made through a digital design and production process and (3) prefabricated orthoses. The primary outcome is physical activity measured using a GENEActiv bracelet. Secondary outcomes will be pain, function and disability and associated foot and general health evaluated using existing questionnaires. Semistructured interviews will identify patients’ experiences of the orthoses and living with RA. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been approved by the Portal de Ética de la Investigación Biomédica de Andalucía ethical committee (SPAR-001). The results will be disseminated regardless of the magnitude or direction of effect. Trial registration number: NCT03170947; Pre-results

Variations in the Thickness of the Plantar Fascia After Training Based in Training Race. A Pilot Study

Plantar fascia (PF) is a connective tissue made up of mostly type 1 collagen that is subjected to constant loads. This study evaluated the effect of continuous running on tissue stress in the PF by measuring changes in the thickness of the PF using ultrasound scans. It was a cross-sectional study involving 24 runners from the University of Valencia, recruited as volunteers between December 2018 and February 2019. A variety of data was recorded: (age, body mass index, type of footwear, number of workouts per week, KM run per week, sports injuries in the last year, pre and postrace ultrasound PF measurements). There were significant differences in the 3 postrace measurements of the left foot (<0.001). PF thicknesses were measured before and after running, with a minimal average difference of 0.4 mm in the medial and central fascicles, and 0.3 mm in the lateral fascicle. We observed PF thicknesses above 4mm in asymptomatic patients with no signs of vascularisation, proving that increased PF thickness is not the only criterion for diagnosis of plantar fasciitis

Risk factors and associated factors for calcaneal apophysitis (Sever’s disease) a systematic review

Objectives The aim of this review was to identify the potential intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors (RFs), associated factors (AFs) and consequences of developing calcaneal apophysitis (CA). Design Systematic review. Data sources Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science and Evidence, searched from inception to April 2021. Eligibility criteria We included cohort, case–control and cross-sectional studies that were conducted in patients younger than 18 years who were exposed to RFs or who presented with factors associated with developing CA. Studies in languages other than English or Spanish were excluded. Data extraction and synthesis Two reviewers worked independently to evaluate the risk of bias of included studies. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (adapted version) was used. Results A total of 736 studies were identified and 11 observational studies fully met the inclusion criteria, including 1265 participants with a mean age of 10.72 years. Four studies identified extrinsic factors, 10 identified intrinsic factors and three identified both. The extrinsic and intrinsic RFs, AFs and consequences of CA include limitation of ankle dorsiflexion, foot alignment, stiffness and mobility of the midfoot, plantar pressures and ground reaction force, body mass index, age, gender, presence of other osteochondroses and practice of sport. The risk of bias varied, being either moderate or low. Conclusions Regarding the factors and consequences associated with CA (Sever’s disease), ankle dorsiflexion limitation is the most frequent intrinsic factor studied, followed by peak plantar pressures and foot malalignment. However, disagreements between the investigators of the included studies were found; in some cases, there is a lack of unanimity between different studies as to which factors are considered to be RFs, AFs and consequences. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021246366

Conservative treatment for acute ankle sprain : a systematic review

The aim was to identify conservative treatments available for acute ankle sprain and to evaluate their effectiveness with respect to pain relief and short-term recovery of functional capacity. A systematic review of the relevant literature was conducted via a data search of the PROSPERO, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PyscINFO and SPORTDiscus databases, from inception until December 2019, focusing on randomised control trial studies. Two of the authors independently assessed the quality of each study located and extracted the relevant data. The quality of each paper was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool included in RevMan 5. In all, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. In terms of absence of bias, only nine papers were classed as “high quality”. Studies (75%) were of low quality in terms of the blinding of participants and personnel and uncertainty in blinding of outcome assessment and all presented one or more other forms of bias. Despite the generally low quality of the studies considered, it can be concluded that conservative treatment for acute ankle sprain normally achieves pain relief and rapidly improved functionality. Research based on higher-quality study designs and procedures would enable more definitive conclusions to be drawn

Changes in foot posture during pregnancy and their relation with musculoskeletal pain: A longitudinal cohort study

Aim: To examine foot posture changes during the three trimesters of pregnancy and to determine whether there is a relationship between these changes and the pain experienced in this period. Methods: The study sample consisted of 62 pregnant women who attended the Gynaecology Service at Hospital Santa María del Puerto (Cádiz, Spain), between January 2013 and May 2014. In their first visit, the following sociodemographic and anthropometric data were recorded: age, weight, height and foot size. In addition, information was obtained regarding pain in the lower back, knees, ankles and feet. In this first visit, too, the Foot Posture Index (FPI) was assessed, and three subsequent controls were performed during the first, second and third months of pregnancy (termed Stages 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Results: In Stage 1, the average foot size (i.e., shoe size) was 38.3 (SD 1.5). This size did not change between Stages 1, 2 and 3. However, body weight and BMI did present statistically significant changes during this period (p < 0.0001). The FPI varied during pregnancy but no relation was observed between these changes and the onset of pain. Conclusions: During pregnancy, pronation increases but this does not appear to influence the onset of pain in the lower limb