Effect of the number and interval between releases of Trichogramma pretiosum riley on the parasitism and control of Helicoverpa zea (boddie) in corn

Estudou-se o efeito do número e intervalo de liberações de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, no parasitismo e controle de Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) na cultura do milho. Observou-se um incremento de até 5 vezes no parasitismo de ovos quando foram realizadas 3 liberações de 100.000 adultos de T. pretiosum por ha. A redução no dano nas espigas por H. zea em áreas de liberação de T. pretiosum foi de até 26%, mostrando o potencial de controle biológico do parasitóide.The effect of the number and interval between releases of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley on parasitism and on the control of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) was studied in corn. Results indicated an increase of up to 5 times in parasitism of H. zea eggs when 3 releases of 100,000 T. pretiosum adults per ha were made. H. zea damage in corn ears in T. pretiosum release areas was reduced 26%, demonstrating the potential of this parasitoid for the control of this pest

Dispersion capacity of Trichogramma pretiosum riley, 1879 for controlling Helicoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850) in corn

Estudou-se, em duas localidades do Estado de São Paulo, a capacidade de dispersão de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 na cultura do milho, em relação a ovos de Helicoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850). A dispersão de T. pretiosum, 36 horas após a liberação, foi de 80 a 102 m². Ocorreu uma relação inversa entre parasitismo e predação natural por insetos, nas duas localidades estudadas. Em função dos resultados obtidos, determinou-se que a liberação dos parasitóides, para controle de H. zea, deve ser feita em 100 pontos/ha.The dispersion capacity of Tríchogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 in relation to Helicoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850) eggs was studied in corn, in two regions, in the State of São Paulo. The dispersion capacity of T. pretiosum 36 hours after release ranged from 80 to 102 m² and an inverse relationship between parasitism and predation occurred for H. zea eggs for both localities studied. The results obtained indicate that releases for controlling H. zea should be made at 100 points/ha

A large community outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal, October to November 2014

An outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease with 334 confirmed cases was identified on 7 November 2014 in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal and declared controlled by 21 November. Epidemiological, environmental and microbiological analysis identified industrial wet cooling systems to be the probable source of infection. Preliminary results from sequence-based typing of clinical specimens and environmental isolates confirmed this link. A series of meteorological phenomena are likely to have contributed to the scale of this outbreak

The Presence of Flavonoids in Some Products and Fruits of the Genus Eugenia: An Integrative Review

ReviewThe Myrtaceae family, one of the most prominent botanical families, is represented in Brazil with different fruit species, rich in bioactive compounds and gastronomically appreciated. This study aimed to carry out an integrative review on the genus Eugenia, highlighting the pitangueira (E. uniflora L.), cagaiteira (E. dysenterica), grumixameira (E. brasiliensis), pereira (E. klotzschiana O. Berg), and uvaieira (E. pyriformis Cambess) and which flavonoids are present in these fruits. Articles published between 2016 and 2021 were selected from the following databases: Google Scholar, Periódicos CAPES, Scielo, and Science Direct. According to each database, the descriptors used as a search strategy addressed the popular and scientific names of the five selected species, associated or not with the term “flavonoid,” according to each database. The results showed that quercetin was the main flavonoid identified in the fruits, and the principal extraction method used was HPLC. Other interesting compounds, such as catechin, epicatechin, rutin, myricetin, and kaempferol, were also found. However, the amount and type of flavonoids detected varied according to the applied methodology. Hence, these studies highlight the importance of species of the genus Eugenia, which promotes beneficial health effects and possible applicability to the food and pharmaceutical industryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio