catena-Poly[[[aqua­[3-(3-hy­droxy­phen­yl)prop-2-enoato]samarium(III)]-bis­[μ2-3-(3-hy­droxy­phen­yl)prop-2-enoato]] monohydrate]

The title SmIII compound, {[Sm(C9H7O3)3(H2O)]·H2O}n, was obtained under hydrothermal conditions. Its structure is isotypic with the analogous Eu complex. The latter was reported incorrectly in space group P1 by Yan et al. [J. Mol. Struct. (2008), 891, 298–304]. This was corrected by Marsh [Acta Cryst. B65, 782–783] to P-1. The SmIII ion is nine-coordinated by O atoms from one coordinating water molecule and the remaining ones from the 3-(3-hy­droxy­phen­yl)prop-2-enoatate anions (one bidentate, two bidentate and bridging, two monodentate bridging), leading to a distorted tricapped trigonal–prismatic coordination polyhedron surrounded by solvent water mol­ecules. In the crystal, extensive intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions and π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid separation = 3.9393 (1) Å] lead to the formation of a three-dimensional supra­molecular network

A reproducing kernel method for solving singularly perturbed delay parabolic partial differential equations

In this article, we put forward an efficient method on the foundation of a few reproducing kernel spaces(RK-spaces) and the collocation method to seek the solution of delay parabolic partial differential equations(PDEs) with singular perturbation. The approximated solution  to the equations is formulated and proved the exact solution is uniformly convergent by the solution. Furthermore, the partial differentiation of the approximated solution is also proved the partial derivatives of the exact solution is uniformly convergent by the solution. Meanwhile, we show that the accuracy of our method is in the order of T/n where T is the final time and n is the number of spatial (and time) discretization in the domain of interests. Three numerical examples are put forward to demonstrate the effectiveness of our presented scheme

Changes of Nuclear Matrix Proteins Following the Differentiation of Human Osteosarcoma MG-63 Cells

Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were induced into differentiation by 5mmol/L hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA). Their nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) were selectively extracted and subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. The results of protein patterns were analyzed by Melanie software. The spots of differentially expressed NMPs were excised and subjected to in situ digestion with trypsin. The maps of peptide mass fingerprinting were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis, and were submitted for NCBI database searches by Mascot tool. There were twelve spots changed remarkably during the differentiation induced by HMBA, nine of which were identified. The roles of the regulated proteins during the MG-63 differentiation were analyzed. This study suggests that the induced differentiation of cancer cells is accompanied by the changes of NMPs, and confirms the presence of some specific NMPs related to the cancer cell proliferation and differentiation. The changed NMPs are potential markers for cancer diagnosis or targets for cancer therapy

Integrated phylogenomic analyses unveil reticulate evolution in Parthenocissus (Vitaceae), highlighting speciation dynamics in the Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains

Hybridization caused by frequent environmental changes can lead both to species diversification (speciation) and to speciation reversal (despeciation), but the latter has rarely been demonstrated. Parthenocissus, a genus with its trifoliolate lineage in the Himalayan-Hengduan Mountains (HHM) region showing perplexing phylogenetic relationships, provides an opportunity for investigating speciation dynamics based on integrated evidence.We investigated phylogenetic discordance and reticulate evolution in Parthenocissus based on rigorous analyses of plastome and transcriptome data. We focused on reticulations in the trifoliolate lineage in the HHM region using a population-level genome resequencing dataset, incorporating evidence from morphology, distribution, and elevation.Comprehensive analyses confirmed multiple introgressions within Parthenocissus in a robust temporal-spatial framework. Around the HHM region, at least three hybridization hot spots were identified, one of which showed evidence of ongoing speciation reversal.We present a solid case study using an integrative methodological approach to investigate reticulate evolutionary history and its underlying mechanisms in plants. It demonstrates an example of speciation reversal through frequent hybridizations in the HHM region, which provides new perspectives on speciation dynamics in mountainous areas with strong topographic and environmental heterogeneity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Beta-estradiol attenuates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by stabilizing the expression of p27kip1 in rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Pulmonary vascular structure remodeling (PVSR) is a hallmark of pulmonary hypertension. P27^kip1, one of critical cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, has been shown to mediate anti-proliferation effects on various vascular cells. Beta-estradiol (β-E2) has numerous biological protective effects including attenuation of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). In the present study, we employed β-E2 to investigate the roles of p27^kip1and its closely-related kinase (Skp-2) in the progression of PVSR and HPH.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Sprague-Dawley rats treated with or without β-E2 were challenged by intermittent chronic hypoxia exposure for 4 weeks to establish hypoxic pulmonary hypertension models, which resemble moderate severity of hypoxia-induced PH in humans. Subsequently, hemodynamic and pulmonary pathomorphology data were gathered. Additionally, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were cultured to determine the anti-proliferation effect of β-E2 under hypoxia exposure. Western blotting or reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were adopted to test p27^kip1, Skp-2 and Akt-P changes in rat lung tissue and cultured PASMCs.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Chronic hypoxia significantly increased right ventricular systolic pressures (RVSP), weight of right ventricle/left ventricle plus septum (RV/LV+S) ratio, medial width of pulmonary arterioles, accompanied with decreased expression of p27^kip1in rats. Whereas, β-E2 treatment repressed the elevation of RVSP, RV/LV+S, attenuated the PVSR of pulmonary arterioles induced by chronic hypoxia, and stabilized the expression of p27^kip1. Study also showed that β-E2 application suppressed the proliferation of PASMCs and elevated the expression of p27^kip1under hypoxia exposure. In addition, experiments both <it>in vivo </it>and <it>in vitro </it>consistently indicated an escalation of Skp-2 and phosphorylated Akt under hypoxia condition. Besides, all these changes were alleviated in the presence of β-E2.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results suggest that β-E2 can effectively attenuate PVSR and HPH. The underlying mechanism may partially be through the increased p27^kip1by inhibiting Skp-2 through Akt signal pathway. Therefore, targeting up-regulation of p27^kip1or down-regulation of Skp-2 might provide new strategies for treatment of HPH.</p