Crosslinked agarose encapsulated sorbents resistant to steam sterilization. Preparation and mechanical properties

The application of agarose in hemoperfusion is hampered by the lack of a suitable sterilization method. A technique has been developed for the crosslinking of agarose encapsulated sorbents by the reaction with 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP) under strong alkaline conditions. A twofold molar excess of DCP with respect to agarose and an equimolar amount of sodium hydroxide at a concentration of 0.3 mol/L with a reaction time of 1-4 h at 50°C are found to be the optimal conditions. The compressive strength of crosslinked beads is increased by a factor of 4. Agarose capsules are found to degrade by the influence of Y radiation, but are resistant to steam sterilization at 134°C during at least 30 min when crosslinked

STUDIEN UBER DIE ENZYMATISHEN SPALTUNG VON GALAKTOSIDEN (III)

Article信州大學紀要 1(1): 213-285(1951)departmental bulletin pape

STUDIEN ÜBER DIE ENZYMATISHEN SPALTUNG VON GALAKTOSIDEN (III)

ArticleJournal of the Faculty of Textiles and Sericulture, Shinshu University. Ser. C, Chemistry 1: 1-73(1951)departmental bulletin pape

New methodology for the characterization of endoglucanase activity and its application on the Trichoderma longibrachiatum cellulolytic complex

The cellulolytic complex of Trichoderma longibrachiatum was separated in nine fractions using FPLC. The avicelase, cellobiase, carboxymethylcellulase, and endoglucanase activities of these fractions were characterized. The endoglucanase activity was measured by a method that allows the determination of the variation in the degree of polymerization of the insoluble celluloses. This method, which is based on the measurement of the reducing power of the insoluble fibers, is proposed as a tool for the identification and characterization of the endoglucanases. Using this technique and H3PO4-swollen cotton as substrate, the kinetic parameters of two proteins that showed high specific endoglucanase activity (pI = 5.25; Mr = 55 kDa; and pI = 4.70; Mr = 70 kDa) were determined. The measurement of the degree of polymerization variation during digestion of Sigmacell gives evidence that the endoglucanase activity is located at the beginning of the reaction.JNICT -Junta Nacional de Investigação Científica e Tecnológicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Directed Culturing of Microorganisms Using Metatranscriptomics

The vast majority of bacterial species remain uncultured, and this severely limits the investigation of their physiology, metabolic capabilities, and role in the environment. High-throughput sequencing of RNA transcripts (RNA-seq) allows the investigation of the diverse physiologies from uncultured microorganisms in their natural habitat. Here, we report the use of RNA-seq for characterizing the metatranscriptome of the simple gut microbiome from the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana and for utilizing this information to design a medium for cultivating members of the microbiome. Expression data suggested that a Rikenella-like bacterium, the most abundant but uncultured symbiont, forages on sulfated- and sialated-mucin glycans that are fermented, leading to the secretion of acetate. Histological stains were consistent with the presence of sulfated and sialated mucins along the crop epithelium. The second dominant symbiont, Aeromonas veronii, grows in two different microenvironments and is predicted to utilize either acetate or carbohydrates. Based on the metatranscriptome, a medium containing mucin was designed, which enabled the cultivation of the Rikenella-like bacterium. Metatranscriptomes shed light on microbial metabolism in situ and provide critical clues for directing the culturing of uncultured microorganisms. By choosing a condition under which the desired organism is rapidly proliferating and focusing on highly expressed genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes, binding proteins, and transporters, one can identify an organism’s nutritional preferences and design a culture medium

可食性のブドウ若芽の数種ビタミン類とポリフェノール含量及びその利用

The contents of vitamins, polyphenol, and antioxidant activities by ABTS method in young buds of 9 cultivars of grapes(Vitis spp. ; Beniizu, Aki Queen, Oriental Star, Honney Venus, Shine Muscat, Kyoho, Takao, Muscat Bailey A, Fujiminori)found in the nipped bud, were investigated. Vitamin B1 content of young buds of 9 kinds grapes averaged 0.08mg/100g fresh weight, withMuscat Bailey A(0.04mg/100g)containing about half as much as the others. The average B2 content was 0.02mg/100g and did not differ between 9 cultivars. The average contents of niacin, vitamin B6 and total vitamin C were 1.5mg/100g, 0.06mg/100g and 111mg/100g, respectively. Polyphenol content expressed as garic acid and the antioxidant activities averaged 770mg/100gand 26mmolTorox-eq/100g, respectively, and the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity ofOriental Star were about twice as much as the others. Resveratrol content averaged 6.8μg/g with Takao and Kyoho containing double the concentration of the others. The antioxidant activities were correlated with the polyphenol contents. After deep-frying, polyphenol and vitamin Ccontents decreased about 40%, and as the taste was good without any bitterness, the usefulness of the nipped bud was shown

水球競技の小学生用ゴール導入が及ぼすシュート成功率への影響 : 3年経過して

The aim of this study was to compare the shot success rate with number of attempted shots according to attack patterns, as obtained during the preliminary and eighth final rounds of the 2012 National Water Polo Elementary School Championship tournament. There were 790 shots in the preliminary round and 260 during the eighth final rounds that were analyzed statistically by the chi-square test. 1) Shot success rate was seen to improve in counter attacks (64.9%), power plays (42.3%), and center shots (36.7%). The success rate of action shots and middle shots deteriorated. 2) The ratio of the number of successful skip shots to total number in the eighth final was significantly higher than in the preliminary round (p<0.05). The ratio of skip shots to the total number of goals was 34.9% in the eighth final, and 10.7% in the preliminary rounds. 3) Analysis of the total number of successful goals showed that 74.1% (eighth final) and 63.2% (preliminary) of these were scored inside the 5m line, indicating attempts closer to the goal resulted in a higher shot success rate. 4) Of the total number of shots, 60% were immediate throws and 40% were fake-throws. For both types of throws (immediate and fake-throw) 20% of goals scored were from skip shots