8 research outputs found
Evaluation of dietary quality of adolescents using Healthy Eating Index
The aim of this study was to use the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to assess diet quality and determine the relationship between the HEI-2005 and the energy and nutrient intakes of adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,104 healthy adolescents, mean age of 15.8 ± 1.24 years. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-hour dietary recall method, and dietary quality was assessed by means of the HEI-2005. Diet quality scores ranged from 23.7 to 77.5. The mean score was found to be 51.5 ± 9.07 according to the HEI-2005. There were no differences according to gender; 42.8% had a poor diet and 57.2% had a diet that needs improvement. No subjects had a "good diet". Lower mean subgroup scores were found for whole grains, total vegetables, total fruits, dairy products, and meat and beans. Fruits and vegetables scores were significantly high in girls, whereas sodium, oil, and meat and beans scores were significantly high in boys. Total HEI-2005 scores were increasingly associated with parental education level when age and gender were adjusted. There was a negative correlation between HEI-2005 scores and age, total energy intake, and fat intake. Positive correlation was only observed in the HEI-2005 scores for protein and dietary fibre intakes. Consequently, the overall diet quality and nutritional habits of Turkish adolescents need modification and improvement. In the family, measures should be initiated by the government, including advertisements and campaigns
Nutrition-related parameters predict the health-related quality of life in home care patients
WOS:000462035600003PubMed:30822485Introduction: There is evidence that nutritional status is one of the major factors affecting quality of life. Low quality of life is an important reason that reflects the risk of malnutrition as well as dependency and frailty. Objective: The present study aimed to examine nutritional risk factors and sociodemographic features affecting health-related quality of life in home care patients. Materials and methods: The data of 209 adult or elderly eligible subjects were evaluated in the study. A general questionnaire including sociodemographic and nutritional characteristics, 'Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)', 'Short Form-36 (SF-36) health related life quality scale' and '24-hour dietary recall' were applied with face-to-face interview. Anthropometric measurements were performed using standard measurement protocols and, height and weight measurements of bedridden patients were calculated by equality formulas. Results: While 52.6% of patients were malnourished according to the MNA, only 7.7% were underweight according to the body mass index (BMI). The SF-36 summary component scores (physical and mental component summary scale scores) of malnourished patients were significantly lower than patients at risk of malnutrition or normal (p < 0.05). There were significant positive correlations between SF-36 physical component summary scale scores were significantly correlated with MNA scores (r = 0.517), BMI (r = 0.140) and daily dietary macronutrient intake (energy (r = 0.328), protein (r = 0.165), carbohydrate (r = 0.305), fat (r = 0.275) and fiber (r = 0.268)) (p < 0.05). Besides there were significant positive correlation between SF-36 mental component summary scale scores and MNA scores (r = 0.719), BMI (r = 0.318), daily dietary macronutrient intake (energy (r = 0.388), protein (r = 0.204), carbohydrate (r = 0.335), fat (r = 0.365) and fiber (r = 0.349)) (p < 0.05). It was also determined that MNA had the greatest positive effect and 'having a caregiver' had the greatest negative effect on the physical and mental component summary scale scores. Conclusion: Periodic nutritional screening of home care patients is important and necessary for early nutritional intervention and thus prevention of morbidity and mortality
Determining energy requirement and evaluating energy expenditure in neurological diseases
WOS: 000544461500006PubMed: 30289025Objectives:It has been reported that in most neurological patients, resting energy expenditure due to hypermetabolism is increased. Physical activity, which is another component of energy expenditure, varies depending on the course of the disease. Different mechanisms are used to explain changes in energy expenditure in this population. Pathological problems of centers that regulate energy balance in the brain, endocrine and metabolic dysfunction, mitochondrial damage, autonomic dysfunction and inflammatory anomalies are thought to be at the root of this situation. in this review study, studies about energy expenditure and energy requirement in neurological diseases have been examined and suggested practices in this field have been presented. Methods:We reviewed articles regarding selected from PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, and databases about energy expenditure and neurological diseases. Results:Based on the type of neurological diseases; factors such as stage of the disease, disease complications, metabolic status, mechanical ventilation, body composition, movement restrictions or hyperactivity change energy expenditure and, as a result, nutrition requirement. Determination of the energy requirement is the basic variable for adjusting medical nutrition therapy. Despite an increase in resting energy expenditure as a result of metabolic processes in most neurological disorders, the daily energy expenditure is reported to change based on the restriction of physical activity due to the disorder. Discussion:Determining patient's energy expenditure and energy requirements is regarded as the right approach in terms of improving the patient's quality of life, regulating appropriate medical nutrition treatment and increasing the effectiveness of other treatments
Olive Leaf (Olea europaea L. folium): Potential Effects on Glycemia and Lipidemia
Background: Olive tree (Olea europaea, Oleaceae) leaves have been widely
used in traditional herbal medicine to prevent and treat various
diseases especially in Mediterranean countries. They contain several
potentially bioactive compounds that may have hypoglycemic and
hypolipidemic properties. Summary: The literature has recently been
attempting to define the relationship between olive leaf (Olea europaea
L. folium) polyphenols and a number of health problems. Oleuropein, the
basic phenolic compound of olive leaf and its extract, is responsible
for the characteristic bitter taste and unique aroma of olive fruits.
Furthermore, it is shown that oleuropein and its hydrolyzed products
have many beneficial effects on human health because of its antioxidant
characters. A number of studies report that olive leaf has potentially
positive effects on the parameters related to diabetes and
cardiovascular diseases by various mechanisms. Besides, toxicity studies
suggest that olive leaf is generally safe even at high doses. Key
messages: Although current results obtained until today seem promising,
the studies in this subject are usually on cell culture and animal
trials. Moreover, mostly the extract forms of olive leaves are used in
the studies. More randomized controlled human clinical trials with
extensive toxicity studies are needed to evaluate potential health
effects and safety. (c) 2020 S. Karger AG, Base
The association between maternal features and nutritional problems in children with autism spectrum disorder
WOS:000596791700001Objective
In the literature, there is almost no data on the relationship between autistic children's nutritional problems and their mothers' demographic and nutritional characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether there was a relationship between maternal features and nutritional problems in autistic children.
Methods
This study was conducted with the participation of 58 autistic children (6-19 years) and their mothers. Descriptive data were obtained with a general questionnaire. For the evaluation of children's nutritional status, anthropometric measurements and 24-hour dietary recall were used. Also, the Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory and ORTO-15 questionnaires were used to evaluate the meal behavior of children and orthorexia tendency of mothers, respectively.
Results
No significant correlation was found between the Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory scores in children of mothers with high and low orthorexia tendency. There were also no statistically significant differences between the children of mothers with high and low educational level in terms of Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory scores. Only the dietary vitamin B6 intake was significantly higher in the children of mothers with high educational level. Maternal age was associated with the dietary energy and protein intake, unlike, maternal orthorexia tendency was not associated with the nutritional status and meal behavior of children. The abdominal pain experience in the last one month was found to be significantly higher in the children of employed mothers than children of unemployed mothers.
Conclusion
It is thought that the maternal characteristics are not effective on meal behavior in children and also maternal age and educational status have a very limited effect on the nutritional status of children
The prevalence of abdominal obesity is remarkable for underweight and normal weight adolescent girls
Background/aim: Obesity is a global public health challenge. This study
was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of obesity and
abdominal obesity in Turkish adolescent girls.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a total
of 1111 adolescent girls aged 12-18 years. The subjects were classified
into four groups: underweight, normal, overweight, and obese. Abdominal
obesity was defined according to waist circumference (WC) >= 90th
percentile for Turkish adolescent population references (12-17 years)
and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) >= 0.5.
Results: The prevalence of underweight was 17.4\%, normal weight 68.5\%,
overweight 12.1\%, and obese 2.0\%. A total of 16.9\% subjects were
abdominal obese based on WC and 10.4\% based on WHtR. When the four
groups were evaluated in terms of abdominal obesity status, prevalence
was 6.4\% and 2.6\% in the underweight, 14.6\% and 5.8\% in the normal,
60.0\% and 37.3\% in the overweight, and 88.8\% and 77.3\% in the obese
groups according to WC and WHtR, respectively. Both WC (r: 0.332) and
WHtR (r: 0.156) were positively correlated with age (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of abdominal obesity was found at high levels
for overweight and obese adolescents. It should be emphasized that
abdominal obesity is a condition that should be considered for
underweight and normal adolescents as well. Therefore, abdominal obesity
should be regularly assessed for nonobese adolescents to prevent
cardiovascular risks, metabolic syndrome, and other related disease
The association between maternal features and nutritional problems in children with autism spectrum disorder
Objective
In the literature, there is almost no data on the relationship between
autistic children's nutritional problems and their mothers' demographic
and nutritional characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate
whether there was a relationship between maternal features and
nutritional problems in autistic children.
Methods
This study was conducted with the participation of 58 autistic children
(6-19 years) and their mothers. Descriptive data were obtained with a
general questionnaire. For the evaluation of children's nutritional
status, anthropometric measurements and 24-hour dietary recall were
used. Also, the Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory and ORTO-15
questionnaires were used to evaluate the meal behavior of children and
orthorexia tendency of mothers, respectively.
Results
No significant correlation was found between the Brief Autism Mealtime
Behavior Inventory scores in children of mothers with high and low
orthorexia tendency. There were also no statistically significant
differences between the children of mothers with high and low
educational level in terms of Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory
scores. Only the dietary vitamin B6 intake was significantly higher in
the children of mothers with high educational level. Maternal age was
associated with the dietary energy and protein intake, unlike, maternal
orthorexia tendency was not associated with the nutritional status and
meal behavior of children. The abdominal pain experience in the last one
month was found to be significantly higher in the children of employed
mothers than children of unemployed mothers.
Conclusion
It is thought that the maternal characteristics are not effective on
meal behavior in children and also maternal age and educational status
have a very limited effect on the nutritional status of children