1,543 research outputs found
THERMAL EFFECTS ON THE CATALYSIS BY A MAGNETIC FIELD
We show that the formation of condensates in the presence of a constant
magnetic field in 2+1 dimensions is extremely unstable. It disappears as soon
as a heat bath is introduced with or without a chemical potential. We point out
some new nonanalytic behavior that develops in this system at finite
temperature.Comment: 10 pages, plain Te
Selective growth of InGaAs on nanoscale InP islands
The formation of an InGaAs quantum well on nanoscale InP islands by selective growth using metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy is demonstrated. The structures show intense low‐temperature photoluminescence at 1.35 eV. The blueshift of the emission peak by increasing the excitation intensity suggests that the carriers are three‐dimensionally confined. The insertion of quantum well into the islands allows a better control of the properties of structuresfabricated by the self‐organizing growth, a novel technique to realize nanoscale structures without using any lithographical process steps.Peer reviewe
On the Point-Splitting Method of the Commutator Anomaly of the Gauss Law Operators
We analyze the generalized point-splitting method and Jo's result for the
commutator anomaly. We find that certain classes of general regularization
kernels satisfying integral conditions provide a unique result, which, however
differs from Faddeev's cohomological result.Comment: 16 pages, RevTex, 1 figure + 1 table, uses psbox.te
What is evidence required for and who generates that evidence in the Finnish Educational System?
Peer reviewe
Finite-temperature reaction-rate formula: Finite volume system, detailed balance, limit, and cutting rules
A complete derivation, from first principles, of the reaction-rate formula
for a generic process taking place in a heat bath of finite volume is given. It
is shown that the formula involves no finite-volume correction. Through
perturbative diagrammatic analysis of the resultant formula, the
detailed-balance formula is derived. The zero-temperature limit of the formula
is discussed. Thermal cutting rules, which are introduced in previous work, are
compared with those introduced by other authors.Comment: 35pages (text) plus 4pages (figures
Investigation of shock waves in the relativistic Riemann problem: A comparison of viscous fluid dynamics to kinetic theory
We solve the relativistic Riemann problem in viscous matter using the
relativistic Boltzmann equation and the relativistic causal dissipative
fluid-dynamical approach of Israel and Stewart. Comparisons between these two
approaches clarify and point out the regime of validity of second-order fluid
dynamics in relativistic shock phenomena. The transition from ideal to viscous
shocks is demonstrated by varying the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio
. We also find that a good agreement between these two approaches
requires a Knudsen number .Comment: Version as published in PRC 82, 024910 (2010); 16 pages, 16 figures,
typos correcte
Quantum Aspects of Supersymmetric Maxwell Chern-Simons Solitons
We study the various quantum aspects of the supersymmetric Maxwell
Chern-Simons vortex systems. The fermion zero modes around the vortices will
give rise the degenerate states of vortices. We analyze the angular momentum of
these zero modes and apply the result to get the supermultiplet structures of
the vortex. The leading quantum correction to the mass of the vortex coming
from the mode fluctuations is also calculated using various methods depending
on the value of the coefficient of the Chern-Simons term to be zero,
infinite and finite, separately. The mass correction is shown to vanish for all
cases. Fermion numbers of vortices are also discussed.Comment: 40 pages, ReVTeX, HYUPT-94/04 SNUTP 94-6
QED symmetries in real-time thermal field theory
We study the discrete and gauge symmetries of Quantum Electrodynamics at
finite temperature within the real-time formalism.
The gauge invariance of the complete generating functional leads to the
finite temperature Ward identities. These Ward identities relate the eight
vertex functions to the elements of the self-energy matrix. Combining the
relations obtained from the and the gauge symmetries of the theory we
find that only one out of eight longitudinal vertex functions is independent.
As a consequence of the Ward identities it is shown that some elements of the
vertex function are singular when the photon momentum goes to zero.Comment: New version as it will appear in Phys RevD 19 pages, RevTex, 1figur
Elements explaining learning clinical reasoning using simulation games
This article presents the findings on which elements in a game-based simulation affect learning clinical reasoning in nursing education. By using engaging gaming elements in virtual simulations and integrating the clinical reasoning process into game mechanics, games can enhance learning clinical reasoning and offer meaningful learning experiences. The study was designed to explore how nursing students experience gaming and learning when playing a simulation game, as well as which gaming elements explain learning clinical reasoning. The data was collected by questionnaire from nursing students (N = 166) in autumn 2014 over thirteen gaming sessions. The findings showed that usability, application of nursing knowledge, and exploration have the most impact on learning clinical reasoning when playing simulation games. Findings also revealed that authentic patient-related experiences, feedback, and reflection have an indirect effect on learning clinical reasoning. Based on these results, more efficient simulation games to improve clinical reasoning may be developed.</p
Dissecting early-type dwarf galaxies into their multiple components
Early-type dwarf galaxies, once believed to be simple systems, have recently
been shown to exhibit an intriguing diversity in structure and stellar content.
To analyze this further, we started the SMAKCED project, and obtained deep
H-band images for 101 early-type dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster in a
brightness range of -19 \leq M_r \leq -16 mag, typically reaching a
signal-to-noise of 1 per pixel of \sim0.25" at surface brightnesses \sim22.5
mag/arcsec^2 in the H-band. Here we present the first results of decomposing
their two-dimensional light distributions. This is the first study dedicated to
early-type dwarf galaxies using the two-dimensional multi-component
decomposition approach, which has been proven to be important for giant
galaxies. Armed with this new technique, we find more structural components
than previous studies: only a quarter of the galaxies fall into the simplest
group, namely those represented by a single S\'ersic function, optionally with
a nucleus. Furthermore, we find a bar fraction of 18%. We detect also a similar
fraction of lenses which appear as shallow structures with sharp outer edges.
Galaxies with bars and lenses are found to be more concentrated towards the
Virgo galaxy center than the other sample galaxies.Comment: Accepted by ApJL, 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
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