Chaotic oscillations in a nearly inviscid, axisymmetric capillary bridge at 2:1 parametric resonance

We consider the 2:1 internal resonances (such that Ω1>0 and Ω2 ≃ 2Ω1 are natural frequencies) that appear in a nearly inviscid, axisymmetric capillary bridge when the slenderness Λ is such that 0<Λ<π (to avoid the Rayleigh instability) and only the first eight capillary modes are considered. A normal form is derived that gives the slow evolution (in the viscous time scale) of the complex amplitudes of the eigenmodes associated with Ω1 and Ω2, and consists of two complex ODEs that are balances of terms accounting for inertia, damping, detuning from resonance, quadratic nonlinearity, and forcing. In order to obtain quantitatively good results, a two-term approximation is used for the damping rate. The coefficients of quadratic terms are seen to be nonzero if and only if the eigenmode associated with Ω2 is even. In that case the quadratic normal form possesses steady states (which correspond to mono- or bichromatic oscillations of the liquid bridge) and more complex periodic or chaotic attractors (corresponding to periodically or chaotically modulated oscillations). For illustration, several bifurcation diagrams are analyzed in some detail for an internal resonance that appears at Λ ≃ 2.23 and involves the fifth and eighth eigenmodes. If, instead, the eigenmode associated with Ω2 is odd, and only one of the eigenmodes associated with Ω1 and Ω2 is directly excited, then quadratic terms are absent in the normal form and the associated dynamics is seen to be fairly simple

Valle de las Cuevas y Fuerte de San Rafael (Mendoza, Argentina): Dos problemáticas localidades típicas de roedores re-evaluadas

Based on various resources, the original collection localities for five species of rodents whose type specimens were collected by Thomas Bridges during the 19th century are discussed. The taxa examined are the caviomorph species Aconaemys fuscus and Ctenomys pontifex, and the cricetids Abrothrix hirta, Euneomys mordax, and Paynomys macronyx. A. fuscus was indicated as coming from Valle de las Cuevas, while the others were collected in or near Fuerte de San Rafael, both located in Mendoza Province, Argentina. After a detailed scrutiny of the original publications, specimen labels, historical cartography, and pertinent literature, we conclude that (1) Valle de las Cuevas, a fancy name coined by Bridges, corresponds to the current locality of Valle Hermoso and (2) the association of Fuerte de San Rafael with some of the abovementioned species is apocryphal. We propose that both type localities should be corrected to Valle Hermoso, a high-Andean valley located about 30 km to the east of Volcán Peteroa.Sobre la base de diversos recursos, se discuten las localidades de colecta original para cinco roedores cuyos especímenes tipo fueron coleccionados por Thomas Bridges durante el siglo XIX. Los taxones examinados son las especies de caviomorfos Aconaemys fuscus y Ctenomys pontifex y los cricétidos Abrothrix hirta, Euneomys mordax y Paynomys macronyx. A. fuscus fue descripto como procedente de Valle de las Cuevas, mientras que los restantes como coleccionados en o cerca de Fuerte de San Rafael, ambos localizados en la Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina. Luego de un detallado escrutinio de las publicaciones originales, etiquetas de los especímenes, cartografía histórica y literatura vinculada, concluimos que (1) Valle de las Cuevas, un nombre de fantasía acuñado por Bridges, corresponde a la actual localidad Valle Hermoso y (2) que la asociación de Fuerte de San Rafael con algunas de las especies indicadas es apócrifa. Proponemos que ambas localidades típicas sean corregidas como Valle Hermoso, un valle alto-andino ubicado 30 km hacia el este del Volcán Peteroa.Fil: Tammone, Mauro Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Parque Nacional "Nahuel Huapi"; ArgentinaFil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad; Ecuado

Complex network modeling of EEG band coupling in dyslexia: An exploratory analysis of auditory processing and diagnosis

Complex network analysis has an increasing relevance in the study of neurological disorders, enhancing the knowledge of brain’s structural and functional organization. Network structure and efficiency reveal different brain states along with different ways of processing the information. This work is structured around the exploratory analysis of the brain processes involved in low-level auditory processing. A complex network analysis was performed on the basis of brain coupling obtained from electroencephalography (EEG) data, while different auditory stimuli were presented to the subjects. This coupling is inferred from the Phase-Amplitude coupling (PAC) from different EEG electrodes to explore differences between control and dyslexic subjects. Coupling data allows the construction of a graph, and then, graph theory is used to study the characteristics of the complex networks throughout time for control and dyslexic subjects. This results in a set of metrics including clustering coefficient, path length and small-worldness. From this, different characteristics linked to the temporal evolution of networks and coupling are pointed out for dyslexics. Our study revealed patterns related to Dyslexia as losing the small-world topology. Finally, these graph-based features are used to classify between control and dyslexic subjects by means of a Support Vector Machine (SVM).Spanish Government PGC2018-098813-B-C32Junta de Andalucia UMA20-FEDERJA-086European CommissionNVIDIA CorporationMinistry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish GovernmentEuropean CommissionUniversidad de Malaga/CBU

Análisis de los contenidos aprendidos en la titulación de pedagogía: la perspectiva del alumnado

Al socaire de los cambios metodológicos anunciados con el proceso de Bolonia, planteamos la necesidad de abordar investigaciones que muestren qué se ha estado haciendo en momentos de transición hacia un nuevo modelo educativo en la universidad. Concretamente, en el trabajo que presentamos se han analizado los contenidos teóricos y prácticos recordados por los estudiantes de Pedagogía de la Universidad de Murcia, para reflexionar acerca de la vinculación entre esos contenidos y la forma en que se aprendieron. Asimismo se muestran algunas valoraciones de los estudiantes respecto al uso de metodologías por parte de sus profesores, con la intención de provocar en ellos, y en la comunidad educativa en general, la reflexión y deliberación sobre el uso las distintas modalidades de enseñanza de cara al nuevo escenario educativo y sus posibilidades de cambio.Taking into account methodological changes announced with the Bologna process, we suggest the need for addressing research showing that is has been doing in moments of transition to a new educational model in the university. Specifically, in the work we present have been analyzed the theoretical and practical content remembered by the students of Pedagogy at the University of Murcia, to reflect about the links between these contents and the way in which it is learned. It also shows some assessments of the students regarding the use of methodologies by their teachers, with the intent to cause in them, and in the educational community in general, the reflection and deliberation on the use of the different forms of education in the face of a new educational scenario and the potential for change

The initial human settlement of Northwest South America during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition: Synthesis and perspectives

The northwestern corner of South America, represented by the current territory of Colombia, is a key region to asses some relevant issues linked with the initial human peopling of the area, including population dispersals, cultural diversity, and early adaptations to the changing environmental conditions experienced by lowland and highland north-Andean Neotropical ecosystems at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition. The aim of this paper is to present a synthesis of the archaeological research about early peopling carried out in Northwest South America during the last four decades. Specifically, it will focus on the adaptive strategies and the cultural diversity patterns exhibited by the early hunter-gatherer groups that entered the region since late Pleistocene times. The classic ideas about the time of arrival of the first settlers, the dispersal routes, the incidence of the climate change in on the rate of dispersal and colonization of different habitats, and the role of the megafauna in the subsistence will be reviewed, prior to the formulation of new hypotheses about the meaning of the apparent intraregional diversity of the archaeological record and the evolution of economic strategies over time.Fil: Aceituno, Francisco J.. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Loaiza, Nicolás. Universidad de Antioquia; Colombia. Temple University; Estados UnidosFil: Delgado Burbano, Miguel Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Barrientos, Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentin

Analysis of Smad nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in living cells

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signalling leads to phosphorylation and activation of receptor-regulated Smad2 and Smad3, which form complexes with Smad4 and accumulate in the nucleus. The Smads, however, do not seem to reside statically in the cytoplasm in the absence of signalling or in the nucleus upon TGF-beta stimulation, but have been suggested to shuttle continuously between these cellular compartments in both the absence and presence of TGF-beta. Here we investigate this nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in detail in living cells using fusions of Smad2 and Smad4 with enhanced GFP. We first establish that the GFPSmad fusions behave like wild-type Smads in a variety of cellular assays. We go on to demonstrate directly, using photobleaching experiments, that Smad2 and Smad4 shuttle between the cytoplasm and nucleus in both TGF-beta-induced cells and in uninduced cells. In uninduced cells, GFPSmad2 is less mobile in the cytoplasm than is GFPSmad4, suggesting that it may be tethered there. In addition, we show that both GFPSmad2 and GFPSmad4 undergo a substantial decrease in mobility in the nucleus upon TGF-beta stimulation, suggesting that active complexes of Smads are tethered in the nucleus, whereas unactivated Smads are more freely diffusible. We propose that regulated cytoplasmic and nuclear retention may play a role in determining the distribution of Smads between the cytoplasm and the nucleus in both uninduced cells and upon TGF-beta induction

Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Agricultural Systems

This chapter provides a review on the state of art of the use of the visible near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy technique to determine mineral nutrients, organic compounds, and other physical and chemical characteristics in samples from agricultural systems—such as plant tissues, soils, fruits, cocomposted sewage sludge and wastes, cereals, and forage and silage. Currently, all this information is needed to be able to carry out the appropriate fertilization of crops, to handle agricultural soils, determine the organoleptic characteristics of fruit and vegetable products, discover the characteristics of the various substrates obtained in composting processes, and characterize byproducts from the industrial sector. All this needs a large number of samples that must be analyzed; this is a time-consuming work, leading to high economic costs and, obviously, having a negative environmental impact owing to the production of noxious chemicals during the analyses. Therefore, the development of a fast, environmentally friendly, and cheaper method of analysis like vis-NIR is highly desirable. Our intention here is to introduce the main fundamentals of infrared reflectance spectroscopy, and to show that procedures like calibration and validation of data from vis-NIR spectra must be performed, and describe the parameters most commonly measured in the agricultural sector