Studies of childhood tuberculosis

Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 200-218)

A randomised trial of the safety and immunogenicity of low dose haemophilus conjugate vaccine in healthy infants at 6,10, and 14 weeks of age

A Research Report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in the branch of Medical MicrobiologyBackground Despite their proven efficacy, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines are not given to most children in the developing world in the face of an estimated global Hib disease burden of nearly 2 million cases per annum. A major barrier to the introduction of the vaccine would be overcome by diluting the vaccine tenfold in DTP. We report a randomised trial comparing the use of Hib conjugate vaccine diluted tenfold in a multidose vial of DTP, with that of the full Hib dose.IT201

Controlled atmosphere vibrating thermo-magnetometer (CatVTM): a new device to optimize the absolute paleointensity determinations

International audienceThe laboratory of paleomagnetism of Montpellier (France) has developed a new one-axis vibrating thermal magnetometer dedicated to the Study of physical properties of natural rocks remanence. Among its key characteristics, this apparatus allows both measurement or the magnetization moment on the interval from room temperature to 700 degrees C with a precision of 2 x 10(-9) A m(2) and acquisition of a total or a partial thermo-remanent magnetization using a steady field from - 100 up to 100 mu T. Another point that is worth noting is that one can apply a controlled atmosphere by means of argon flux to prevent oxidation of the studied sample during heating. We report here a technical description of this new instrument and review some specific applications in absolute paleointensity surveys

L'impact de la rugosité et du niveau d'eau sur les courants secondaires en rivière naturelle

Ce mémoire traite de l’étude des écoulements en rivière naturelle. Plus précisément, l’impact de la granulométrie du lit des rivières, ainsi que de la profondeur d’eau sur la génération de courants secondaires y est analysé. Les courants secondaires sont causés par les effets de cisaillement ainsi que de la turbulence. Cependant, les structures d’écoulement telles que les courants secondaires peuvent être affectés par une multitude de facteurs et la majorité des recherches actuelles sur le domaine sont effectuées en laboratoire. Le but de ce projet est donc d’observer les courants secondaires en milieu naturel. Un vélocimètre acoustique Doppler (ADV) a été utilisé afin de déterminer les profils de vitesse in situ de différentes sections de rivières. Le lit de la rivière a été échantillonné afin d’en déterminer la granulométrie. Différentes bases théoriques sont explorées afin d’interpréter les profils de vitesse obtenus. La base théorique choisie est en mesure de décrire les processus physiques de la rivière naturelle ainsi que de permettre la caractérisation des phénomènes de courants secondaires. Selon les recherches effectuées, nous croyons que la granulométrie a un impact sur la structure des courants secondaire puisque ceux-ci dépendent de la rugosité du lit de la rivière. Or, la taille et la forme des grains du lit de la rivière ont certainement un impact sur la rugosité du fond de la rivière. Les effets anthropogéniques sur l’environnement, notamment sur les cours d’eau, sont de plus en plus reconnus. Afin de bien comprendre et mitiger les impacts dus à l’aménagement de notre environnement, il devient nécessaire de caractériser les processus physiques des rivières. Les courants secondaires sont liés à la résistance à l’écoulement des rivières et ont donc un impact considérable sur le comportement de celles-ci

A Longitudinal Follow-up Of Discrete Mass At Zero With Gap

The first part of this paper discusses a five-year systematic review of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology following the landmark power study conducted by Sawilowsky and Hillman (1992). The second part discusses a five-year longitudinal follow-up of a radically nonnormal population distribution: discrete mass at zero with gap. This distribution was based upon a real dataset

Volar plating:functional recovery of the pronator quadratus

PURPOSE: The pronator quadratus (PQ) is reflected in the surgical approach to the distal radius. This study explores the functional strength of PQ, 12 months after volar plating without repair of PQ. METHODS: A total of 135 patients were identified from our prospectively collected database. All volunteers had grip strength and pronation power tested in the treated and contralateral forearms at 45, 90 and 135 degrees of elbow flexion using a custom-built torque measuring device and hydraulic hand dynamometer to evaluate forearm pronation. RESULTS: Twenty-seven participants were included in the study. No significant difference was identified in mean peak pronation torque between the volar plated and non-treated forearms. Pronation strength was identified as being independent of angle of elbow flexion. Grip strength was correlated with forearm pronation showing no significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest adequate long-term (15–32 months) functional recovery of the pronator quadratus after volar plating. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III

Thermal contact resistance for a CU/G-10CR interface in a cylindrical geometry

A major component of a high-T[sub c] superconductor current lead designed to provide current to low-T[sub c] superconductor magnets is the heat intercept connection, which is a cylindrical structure consisting of an inner Cu disk, a thin-walled G-10CR composite tube, and an outer Cu ring, assembled by a thermal interference fit. It was determined in a previous study that the thermal contact resistance (R[sub c]) between the composite tube and the two Cu pieces contributed a substantial portion of the total thermal resistance between the inner and outer Cu pieces. This report emphasizes the analysis of the data for the third and final design of the heat intercept connection. In particular, it is found that R[sub c] decreases dramatically with increasing heat flux, a result consistent with earlier studies of composite cylinders. However, for the present data, the thermal contact conductance [=1/R{sub c}]varies with the calculated contact pressure with a power-law exponent of approximately 10, as compared to a theoretical value near 1. In addition, the presence of He or N[sub 2] gas substantially reduces R [sub c] even though the contacting surfaces are coated with a thermal grease

Designing Future Experiences: The value of exhibition spaces as creative environments for collaborative, multidisciplinary research, exhibitions, and audiences

This report highlights the value of exhibition spaces as creative environments for collaborative, multidisciplinary research, exhibitions, and audiences. It draws on experiences and insight gained from holding an experiential exhibition on ‘Designing Future Experiences: Looking into Living & Working in 2033’ which took place in the University of Glasgow’s Advanced Research Centre (ARC) exhibition space. This unique and creative event was the culmination of a joint project between students, staff, and communities of practice

Ocean Futures for the World’s Largest Yellowfin Tuna Population Under the Combined Effects of Ocean Warming and Acidification

The impacts of climate change are expected to have profound effects on the fisheries of the Pacific Ocean, including its tuna fisheries, the largest globally. This study examined the combined effects of climate change on the yellowfin tuna population using the ecosystem model SEAPODYM. Yellowfin tuna fisheries in the Pacific contribute significantly to the economies and food security of Pacific Island Countries and Territories and Oceania. We use an ensemble of earth climate models to project yellowfin populations under a high greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC RCP8.5) scenario, which includes, the combined effects of a warming ocean, increasing acidification and changing ocean chemistry. Our results suggest that the acidification impact will be smaller in comparison to the ocean warming impact, even in the most extreme ensemble member scenario explored, but will have additional influences on yellowfin tuna population dynamics. An eastward shift in the distribution of yellowfin tuna was observed in the projections in the model ensemble in the absence of explicitly accounting for changes in acidification. The extent of this shift did not substantially differ when the three-acidification induced larval mortality scenarios were included in the ensemble; however, acidification was projected to weaken the magnitude of the increase in abundance in the eastern Pacific. Together with intensive fishing, these potential changes are likely to challenge the global fishing industry as well as the economies and food systems of many small Pacific Island Countries and Territories. The modelling framework applied in this study provides a tool for evaluating such effects and informing policy development

Re-imagining commonly used mobile interfaces for older adults

Many countries have an increasingly ageing population. In recent years, mobile technologies have had a massive impact on social and working lives. As the size of the older user population rises, many people will want to continue professional, social and lifestyle usage of mobiles into 70s and beyond. Mobile technologies can lead to increased community involvement and personal independence. While mobile technologies can provide many opportunities, the ageing process can interfere with their use. This workshop brings together researchers who are re-imagining common mobile interfaces so that they are more suited to use by older adults