Protecting the human rights of refugees in camps in Thailand : the complementary role of international law on indigenous peoples

This paper investigates whether and how International Law on Indigenous Peoples (ILIP) can complement protections granted under International Refugee Law (IRL) and International Human Rights Law (IHRL) to refugees in camps in Thailand. Presently, there are over 90,000 refugees from Myanmar in Thailand, confined to nine camps along the Thailand–Myanmar border. These refugees belong to different ethnic minority groups, but the vast majority are Karen—Indigenous Peoples from the Thailand–Myanmar border regions. They have fled to Thailand due to persecution by Myanmar authorities and segments of the Myanmar population. To date, Thailand has refused to become a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol. The country has failed to develop an asylum system and its laws continue to regard refugees as ‘illegal migrants’. These refugees have been surviving in conditions of profound rightlessness. I posit that ILIP has a critical role to play in addressing the protection gaps and limitations in IRL and IHRL. In particular, the ILIP system of collective rights is vital in recognising the specific needs of refugees who are indigenous peoples. ILIP therefore provides a potent tool to make IRL and IHRL more responsive to the protection needs of indigenous refugees

CFD results on hydrodynamic performances of a marine propeller

In this work, the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), ANSYS-Fluent V.14.5 has been used to illustrate the effects of rudder and blade pitch on hydrodynamic performances of a propeller. At first, the characteristic curves of a container ship propeller are computed. Then, effects of rudder on hydrodynamic performances of the propeller in the both cases of the propeller with and without rudder have been investigated. The relationships between the blade pitch angle and the hydrodynamic performances of the selected referent propeller in this work having designed conditions as diameter of 3.65 m; speed of 200 rpm; average pitch of 2.459 m and the boss ratio of 0.1730. Using CFD, the characteristic curves of the marine propeller, pressure distribution, velocity distribution around propeller and the efficiency of the propeller have been shown. From the obtained results, the effects of rudder and blade pitch angle on hydrodynamic performances of the propeller have been evaluated

SURVEY ON VOCABULARY LEARNING STRATEGIES OF HIGH–QUALITY ENGLISH STUDIES PROGRAM STUDENTS, SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES, CAN THO UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM

This research study aimed to investigate the usage of vocabulary learning strategies among English Studies students at Can Tho University (CTU), specifically those under the high-quality program at the School of Foreign Languages (SFL). The primary objective of the study was to identify the most commonly used strategies for learning English vocabulary and to compare the similarities and differences in how these strategies were applied among students by academic year. A total of 200 survey responses from SFL, CTU got involved in the study, and 12 of whom joined a semi-structured interview. The data gathered were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results of this study provided insights into effective vocabulary learning strategies and would facilitate the improvement of English language teaching and learning practices at the university level.  Article visualizations

Algebrai vizsgálatok gyűrűelméleti módszerekkel = Algebraic investigations with ring theoretical methods

A Leavitt-algebrák, sőt bizonyos egyszerű Leavitt- útalgebrák elméletében a K-elméletük egyértelműen jellemzi őket, amiből új, konstruktív teljesen algebrai, illv. gráfelméleti bizonyítást adtunk arra, hogy a Cuntz-algebrákat teljesen meghatározza a (topológiai) K-elméletük. Bebizonyítottuk Leavitt útalgebrákra a C*-algebrák elméletében fontos és nagyon hasznos ún. Gauge-invariant Uniqueness Theorem algebrai változatát, amely adja a fent említett gráfelméleti biyonyítást. Szép eredménzeket értünk el mind PI-gyűrűk mind féligegyszerű modulus nilpotens endomorfizmusainak illv. Jordan normal alakjainak struktuális vizsgálatában. Új Cayley-Hamilton azonosságot találtunk és leírjuk bizonyos ún. erősen felbonthatatlan gyűrűk feletti általánosított felső háromszög 2x2 mátrixgyűrűk automorfizmuscsoportját. A kommutatív aritmetikai gyűrűk oszthatósági elméletét Bezout monoidként vizsgálva, szűrők és m-prím szűrők felhasználásával, leírjuk a homomorfizmusaikat és minden féligöröklődő Bezout S monoidra konstruálunk egy féligöröklődő Bezout gyűrűt, amelynek S az oszthatósági elmélete. Fontos lépéseket tettünk a félig-Abel kategóriák elméletében, valamint a faktorizációs rendszerek, Kuros-Amitsur radikálok és szimpliciális halmazok kapcsolatában. Igazoltuk a Kimmerle sejtését az egyszerű Mathieu M_12 és a Higman-Sims egyszerű csoportokra. Reguláris lambdára a kotorziócsoport lamdba-tiszta projktív dimenzió > 1 szükséges és elégséges feltételét adtuk. | Leavitt algebras, even certain simple Leavitt pathalgebras are determined uniquely by their K-theory. This provides 2 new constructive completely algebraic and graph theoretic proof , respectively, to the result that their K-theory determines uniquely the Cuntz algebras. We used the algebraic version of the Gauge-invariant Uniqueness Theorem which is very important and useful for C*-algebras for the graph theoretic proof of the above mentioned result. We have nice results on the structure of both PI-rings and nilpotent endomorphisms of semisimple modules , their Jormal normal forms. We obtain new Cayley-Hamilton identity, the as well as a desciption of the automorphism group of 2 by 2 generalized upper triangular matrix rings over so-called strongly indecomposable rings. Considering divisibility theory of commutative arithmetical rings as Bezout monoids, by using filters and m-prime filters one can describe their homomorphisms and construct a Bezout semihereditary ring with the predescribed semihereditary Bezout monoid as its divisibility theory. There are important progress in the theory of semi-abelian categories, the relation between factorization systems, Kurosh-Amitsur radicals and simplicial sets. Kimmerle conjecture is verified for both the simple Mathieu group M_12 and the simple Higman-Sims group. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a lambda-pure projective dimension > 1 in the case of cotorsion groups and regular lambda

Blended Learning for Secondary Schools in Nam Dinh Province to Satisfy New Standards: The Current Situation and Proposed Models

We offered blended learning models for high schools in Nam Dinh province to satisfy Vietnam's new criteria. These models were based on general approaches to issues, theoretical research, and field research based on surveys and anket questionnaires conducted throughout the area. The results of a survey demonstrate that high school teachers in Nam Dinh have gained a fundamental grasp of blended learning and have, in practice, embraced both online and face-to-face instruction, particularly during the height of the Covid-19 outbreak. However, there was not a standard model for blended learning, therefore it was only used by a few persons. In other contexts, the concept of "blended learning" referred to what was effectively a face-to-face session that was broadcast over the Internet without the necessary adjustments being made to the content, methodology, or evaluation. As a result, we offer a number of different ways to blended learning for high schools in Nam Dinh in order to improve the quality of education provided throughout the province

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Patterns and Their Implications for Intervention Strategies in Vietnam

Background. Data on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) in Vietnam are limited. This study explores the prevalence of each CVDRF and how they cluster to evaluate CVDRF burdens and potential prevention strategies. Methods. A cross-sectional survey in 2009 (2,130 adults) was done to collect data on behavioural CVDRF, anthropometry and blood pressure, lipidaemia profiles, and oral glucose tolerance tests. Four metabolic CVDRFs (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, and obesity) and five behavioural CVDRFs (smoking, excessive alcohol intake, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and stress) were analysed to identify their prevalence, cluster patterns, and social predictors. Framingham scores were applied to estimate the global 10-year CVD risks and potential benefits of CVD prevention strategies. Results. The age-standardised prevalence of having at least 2/4 metabolic, 2/5 behavioural, or 4/9 major CVDRF was 28%, 27%, 13% in women and 32%, 62%, 34% in men. Within-individual clustering of metabolic factors was more common among older women and in urban areas. High overall CVD risk (≥20% over 10 years) identified 20% of men and 5% of women—especially at higher ages—who had coexisting CVDRF. Conclusion. Multiple CVDRFs were common in Vietnamese adults with different clustering patterns across sex/age groups. Tackling any single risk factor would not be efficient

DESIGN OF A DUAL-POLARIZED MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA WITH V-SHAPED SLOT FOR 2.4 GHz WLAN APPLICATIONS

This paper presents the design of a dual-polarized microstrip patch antenna used for 2.4 GHz WLAN applications. The designed antenna consists of a circular patch fabricated on low-cost FR-4 substrate with a V-shaped slot carved on its surface and a circular metal reflector. The antenna size and positions of the two feeding ports using coaxial cables are optimized to obtain a dual-polarized antenna having resonant frequency at 2.44 GHz, about 8-dBi peak gain, and the isolation between the two ports below –15 dB in the required band. The measured S-parameter results show good agreement with the simulation. The proposed antenna can be used for 2.4 GHz wireless access points (APs) with 2x2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems

The 3-3-1 Model with Arbitrarily Charged Leptons

The gauge  model based on $\mathrm{SU}(3)_C\otimes \mathrm{SU}(3)_L\otimes \mathrm{U}(1)_X$  group with arbitrarily electric charged exotic leptons is presented. The mass eigenvalues and eigenstates for  neutral gauge bosons are presented in the general form. We show that in the 3-3-1 models, there always exists triple Higgs self-coupling. The lepton number operator is also presented

Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for the Major Habitats and Species in Lung Ngoc Hoang Nature Reserve, Vietnamese Mekong Delta

The study assessed the vulnerability of habitats and species to climate change in Lung Ngoc Hoang Nature Reserve (NR), Vietnam. The vulnerability assessment tools for habitat and species were developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Community members, NR managers and experts in the fields of environment, economic and rural development were involved in this study. The results showed that saltwater intrusion and inundation could cause serious threats to habitats (i.e., open water, Lung, agricultural and Melaleuca habitats) and freshwater species. The combined impacts of drought and high temperature potentially increase forest fires for the Melaleuca habitat and decrease the quantity and quality of open water habitats. The Melaleuca and Lung habitats have a high baseline conservation status, in which Melaleuca habitats are more vulnerable than Lung habitats. Conversely, open water and agricultural habitats are at low baseline conservation status, but open water habitats are more vulnerable. In addition, the proliferation of invasive alien species, encroachment on agricultural cultivation, and the degradation of water quality are also great threats to the NR. Key species, including Melaleuca cajuputi, Elaeocarpus hygrophilus, Chitala ornate, Channa micropeltes, were at low threat of climate change. However, C. ornate and C. micropeltes are seriously endangered by seawater intrusion, drought and poor water quality. The findings of this study can provide essential information for NR managers to formulate water management plans for the protection and management of the habitats and species in Lung Ngoc Hoang NR

Assessing Vegetation Cover Change Using Remote Sensing: Case Study at Binh Duong Province, Vietnam

This study aims to present the application of remote sensing in monitoring vegetation change in Binh Duong Province, Vietnam. The study used Landsat 5 images in the year 2010 and Landsat 8 images in the years 2015 and 2020 to investigate the area of vegetation. The maximum likelihood classification method (MLC) was used to classify land cover and an accuracy matrix was computed to validate the classification results. The references data were collected to support classification and accuracy assessment processes including land use maps in 2010, 2015, and 2020. In addition, collected field points and UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) in 2020 were used. The overall accuracies are 81.27%, 84.41%, and 83.86%, and Kappa indices were 0.76, 0.80, and 0.80, corresponding to 2010, 2015, and 2020. The results showed that as compared to 2010 and 2015, the area of vegetation in 2020 decreased 10% and 8%, respectively. The average vegetation cover per capita was 740 m2 person-1 in 2020, compared to 1000 m2 person-1 in 2015 and 1200 m2 person-1 in 2010. This reduction was obvious in urban areas in the province, due to the need for construction and development. The study provides meaningful information on vegetation change and green area per capita in Binh Duong Province from 2010 to 2020