Social Web und die elektronische Musikszene

Das Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit war es, die Zusammenhänge zwischen der elektronischen Musikszene und Social Web zu erläutern und die User-Motive von Akteuren der elektronischen Musikszene im Social Web zu erforschen. Dazu wurden zwei zugrundeliegende Forschungsfragen formuliert: Inwieweit haben und hatten Social Web-Faktoren Einfluss auf die elektronische Musikszene? Welche User-Motive verfolgen die Akteure der elektronischen Musikszene im Social Web? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen wurden zunächst alle Grundlegenden Begriffe zum Thema geklärt und anschließend ein Leitfaden für Interviews mit Akteuren aus der elektronischen Musikszene verfasst und angewandt. Die Auswertung der Interviews brachte einige interessante Erkenntnisse. Zahlreiche durch Electronic Business induzierte Veränderungen im wirtschaftlichen Umfeld der Musikbranche hatten starke Einflüsse auf die elektronische Musikszene. Die Wertschöpfungskette hat sich in der Szene stark verkürzt und oft verschmelzen mehrere Wertschöpfungsstufen in einer Person. Auch entwickeln sich viele Konsumenten entlang der Wertschöpfungskette hin bis zu Produzenten und weiter. Social Web hat in der elektronischen Musikszene die Kommunikation, Kollaboration, Promotion und Distribution stark beeinflusst und wirkte für einige Subgenres als Nährboden bzw. Wachstumsbeschleuniger.The aim of this diploma thesis was to describe the connection of the electronic music scene and social web and to look into the user behaviour of the players in the electronic music scene. Therefore the two underlying research questions were raised: To what extent is and has social web been significant in the electronic music scene? What user behaviour do the players in the electronic music scene exhibit when using social web? In order to answer those two questions the author explained all definitions important to the research subject. After that an outline of questions for several guided interviews with players of the scene was composed and applied. The interviews brought some interesting insights. Numerous electronic business-induced changes in the economic environment of the music industry had significant influence on the electronic music scene. The value chain has shortened in the scene and in many cases several value chain levels are being united within a single person. In addition many consumers develop along the value chain to the point of a producer or even higher. Social Web has highly changed the way players communicate, produce, collaborate, promote and distribute in the electronic music scene and functioned as a developmental boost for several sub-genres

Exploring lay uncertainty about an environmental health risk

How do laypeople perceive uncertainties about environmental health risks? How do risk-related cognitions and emotions influence these uncertainties, and what roles do sociodemographic and contextual factors, risk judgments, and information exposures play? This study explores these questions using secondary analyses of survey data. Results suggest that uncertainty reflects individual-level emotions and cognitions, but may also be shaped by a variety of social and contextual factors. Emotions (worry and anger) are strongly associated with perceived uncertainty, and perceived lack of knowledge and perceived likelihood of becoming ill are weakly associated with it. Several demographic variables, information exposures, and risk judgment variables affect perceived uncertainty indirectly, primarily through perceived knowledge and emotions. These findings raise a variety of questions about the complex and dynamic interactions among risk contexts, socioeconomic factors, communication processes, perceived knowledge, emotions, and perceived uncertainties about risks

Forgotten Plotlanders: Learning from the survival of lost informal housing in the UK.

Colin Ward’s discourses on the arcadian landscape of ‘plotlander’ housing are unique documentations of the anarchistic birth, life, and death of the last informal housing communities in the UK. Today the forgotten history of ‘plotlander’ housing documented by Ward can be re-read in the context of both the apparently never-ending ‘housing crisis’ in the UK, and the increasing awareness of the potential value of learning from comparable informal housing from the Global South. This papers observations of a previously unknown and forgotten plotlander site offers a chance to begin a new conversation regarding the positive potential of informal and alternative housing models in the UK and wider Westernised world

Variation of BMP3 Contributes to Dog Breed Skull Diversity

Since the beginnings of domestication, the craniofacial architecture of the domestic dog has morphed and radiated to human whims. By beginning to define the genetic underpinnings of breed skull shapes, we can elucidate mechanisms of morphological diversification while presenting a framework for understanding human cephalic disorders. Using intrabreed association mapping with museum specimen measurements, we show that skull shape is regulated by at least five quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Our detailed analysis using whole-genome sequencing uncovers a missense mutation in BMP3. Validation studies in zebrafish show that Bmp3 function in cranial development is ancient. Our study reveals the causal variant for a canine QTL contributing to a major morphologic trait

Proposed Model of the Relationship of Risk Information Seeking and Processing to the Development of Preventive Behaviors

We articulate a model that focuses on characteristics of individuals that might predispose them to seek and process information about health in different ways. Specifically, the model proposes that seven factors—(1) individual characteristics, (2) perceived hazard characteristics, (3) affective response to the risk, (4) felt social pressures to possess relevant information, (5) information sufficiency, (6) one\u27s personal capacity to learn, (7) beliefs about the usefulness of information in various channels—will influence the extent to which a person will seek out this risk information in both routine and nonroutine channels and the extent to which he or she will spend time and effort analyzing the risk information critically. By adapting and synthesizing aspects of Eagly and Chaiken\u27s Heuristic-Systematic Model and Ajzen\u27s Theory of Planned Behavior, we also expect that people who engage in more effortful information seeking and processing are more likely to develop risk-related cognitions, attitudes, and behaviors that are more stable (i.e., less changeable or volatile) over time. Since most forms of health information campaigns attempt to get people to adopt habitual or lifestyle changes, factors leading to the stability or volatility of those behavioral changes are essential concerns

Protection Motivation and Risk Communication

The purpose of this study was to explore the utility of protection motivation theory (PMT) in the context of mass media reports about a hazard. Content elements of a hazard\u27s severity, likelihood of occurring, and the effectiveness of preventive actions were systematically varied in a news story about a fabricated risk: exposure to fluorescent lighting lowering academic performance. Results of this experiment (N = 206) suggest that providing information about the severity of a hazard\u27s consequences produces greater information seeking. In addition, information about levels of risk, severity, and efficacy combined jointly to produce greater rates of willingness to take actions designed to avoid the hazard. Results are seen as providing general support for PMT and are discussed within the broader framework of information seeking and heuristic and systematic information processing

The Impact of Voice Leading and Harmony on Musical Expectancy

In Western tonal music, voice leading (VL) and harmony are two central concepts influencing whether a musical sequence is perceived as well-formed. However, experimental studies have primarily focused on the effect of harmony on the cognitive processing of polyphonic music. The additional effect of VL remains unknown, despite music theory suggesting VL to be tightly connected to harmony. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of both VL and harmony on listener expectations. Using a priming paradigm and a choice reaction time task, participants (N = 34) were asked to indicate whether the final chord in a sequence had a different timbre than the preceding ones (cover task), with the experimental conditions being good and poor VL or harmony, respectively. An analysis with generalised mixed effects models revealed a significant influence of both VL and harmony on reaction times (RTs). Moreover, pairwise comparison showed significantly faster RTs when VL was good as compared to both VL and harmony being poor, which was not the case when only harmony was good. This study thus provides evidence for the additional importance of VL for the processing of Western polyphonic music

The Impact of Risk Message Content and Construction on Comments about Risks Embedded in \u27Letters to Friends\u27

In an effort to examine the ways in which content and framing components of mediated risk messages influence individuals\u27 cognitive and affective responses, this study asked university students to read and respond to two risk stories that varied along four dimensions: level of risk expressed, severity of health symptoms experienced as a result of the risk, presence/absence of \u27risk\u27 in the headline, and vividness of story lead. Subjects, after reading the stories, were asked to write about the risks in letters to friends who were likely to encounter those risks themselves. Content analysis of the letters then isolated statements of risk likelihood and statements about level of worry. Results suggested that all four independent variables influenced those cognitive and affective dimensions of the letters, with symptom severity having the most frequent impact. The four manipulations often interacted to influence the dependent variables, suggesting that thinking in terms of main effects for such manipulations may be misleading. The authors suggest that distinctions between information content and stylistic strategies may be inappropriate