9,441 research outputs found
Magnetic quantum phase transitions of the antiferromagnetic J_{1}-J_{2} Heisenberg model
We obtain the complete phase diagram of the antiferromagnetic -
model, , within the framework of the
nonlinear sigma model. We find two magnetically ordered phases, one with N\'
eel order, for , and another with collinear order, for
, separated by a nonmagnetic region, for , where a gapped spin liquid is found. The transition at is of
the second order while the one at is of the first order and the
spin gaps cross at . Our results are exact at
and agree with numerical results from different methods.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Scalar Perturbations in Scalar Field Quantum Cosmology
In this paper it is shown how to obtain the simplest equations for the
Mukhanov-Sasaki variables describing quantum linear scalar perturbations in the
case of scalar fields without potential term. This was done through the
implementation of canonical transformations at the classical level, and unitary
transformations at the quantum level, without ever using any classical
background equation, and it completes the simplification initiated in
investigations by Langlois \cite{langlois}, and Pinho and Pinto-Neto
\cite{emanuel2} for this case. These equations were then used to calculate the
spectrum index of quantum scalar perturbations of a non-singular
inflationary quantum background model, which starts at infinity past from flat
space-time with Planckian size spacelike hypersurfaces, and inflates due to a
quantum cosmological effect, until it makes an analytical graceful exit from
this inflationary epoch to a decelerated classical stiff matter expansion
phase. The result is , incompatible with observations.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted version to Physical Review D 7
Process transparency on construction sites : examples from construction companies in Brazil
Process transparency is the core concept in Visual Management (VM), which is one of the founding blocks of the Toyota Production System. This paper presents the
preliminary results of a collaborative research conducted between Brazil and the UK, as part of a research effort focused on the application of Visual Management in
construction. How process transparency is realized on construction sites is the main research question of the paper. The use of this concept and the implementation of the
transparency theory were investigated through multiple case studies, carried out in nine different construction companies. The findings are explained through six theoretical transparency increasing approaches. The affecting parameters in the application of, the management’s perception of and several methods in process
transparency in construction were identified. Further work, especially exploring the functions of process transparency on construction sites and reflecting the worker perception of the issue, is necessary to elaborate the process transparency concept
Particle Creation by a Moving Boundary with Robin Boundary Condition
We consider a massless scalar field in 1+1 dimensions satisfying a Robin
boundary condition (BC) at a non-relativistic moving boundary. We derive a
Bogoliubov transformation between input and output bosonic field operators,
which allows us to calculate the spectral distribution of created particles.
The cases of Dirichlet and Neumann BC may be obtained from our result as
limiting cases. These two limits yield the same spectrum, which turns out to be
an upper bound for the spectra derived for Robin BC. We show that the particle
emission effect can be considerably reduced (with respect to the
Dirichlet/Neumann case) by selecting a particular value for the oscillation
frequency of the boundary position
Finite temperature behavior of strongly disordered quantum magnets coupled to a dissipative bath
We study the effect of dissipation on the infinite randomness fixed point and
the Griffiths-McCoy singularities of random transverse Ising systems in chains,
ladders and in two-dimensions. A strong disorder renormalization group scheme
is presented that allows the computation of the finite temperature behavior of
the magnetic susceptibility and the spin specific heat. In the case of Ohmic
dissipation the susceptibility displays a crossover from Griffiths-McCoy
behavior (with a continuously varying dynamical exponent) to classical Curie
behavior at some temperature . The specific heat displays Griffiths-McCoy
singularities over the whole temperature range. For super-Ohmic dissipation we
find an infinite randomness fixed point within the same universality class as
the transverse Ising system without dissipation. In this case the phase diagram
and the parameter dependence of the dynamical exponent in the Griffiths-McCoy
phase can be determined analytically.Comment: 23 pages, 12 figure
A Tale of Two Theories: Quantum Griffiths Effects in Metallic Systems
We show that two apparently contradictory theories on the existence of
Griffiths-McCoy singularities in magnetic metallic systems [1,2] are in fact
mathematically equivalent. We discuss the generic phase diagram of the problem
and show that there is a non-universal crossover temperature range T* < T < W
where power law behavior (Griffiths-McCoy behavior) is expect. For T<T* power
law behavior ceases to exist due to the destruction of quantum effects
generated by the dissipation in the metallic environment. We show that T* is an
analogue of the Kondo temperature and is controlled by non-universal couplings.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Magnetic susceptibility anisotropies in a two-dimensional quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions
The magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the two-dimensional quantum
Heisenberg antiferromagnet that incorporates both a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya and
pseudo-dipolar interactions are studied within the framework of a generalized
nonlinear sigma model (NLSM). We calculate the static uniform susceptibility
and sublattice magnetization as a function of temperature and we show that: i)
the magnetic-response is anisotropic and differs qualitatively from the
expected behavior of a conventional easy-axis QHAF; ii) the Neel second-order
phase transition becomes a crossover, for a magnetic field B perpendicular to
the CuO(2) layers. We provide a simple and clear explanation for all the
recently reported unusual magnetic anisotropies in the low-field susceptibility
of La(2)CuO(4), L. N. Lavrov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 017007 (2001), and we
demonstrate explicitly why La(2)CuO(4) can not be classified as an ordinary
easy-axis antiferromagnet.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Revtex4, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Introductory research activities in mathematics education
Se presentan algunas actividades prácticas propuestas en un curso de innovación docente e iniciación a la investigación educativa en el marco de un máster de formación inicial de profesores de matemáticas de secundaria. Se incluyen, entre otros ejemplos, el análisis de un texto breve en el que se describe una clase ideal de matemáticas y el análisis de una sesión de clase video-grabada sobre semejanza de triángulos. Estos ejemplos se introducen con el fin de reflexionar sobre algunos principios didáctico-matemáticos básicos, los cuales permiten introducir criterios de idoneidad didáctica en el estudio de las matemáticas y motivar la búsqueda de fuentes bibliográficas en la base de datos MathEduc.This paper presents some practical activities
carried out in
a teaching
innovation and introduction to educational research
course, which is part of
a Master’s degree
directed to
secondary mathematics teachers’ initial e
ducation.
A
mong other examples
we include
the analysis of a short text describing
an
ideal mathematics class
room
and the analysis of a video
-
recorded
lesson
on
similarity of triangles. These activities serve
to reflect on some basic
mathematical didactic principles,
to
introduce
educational suitability criteria in
the study of mathematics and
to
motivate the
review of
literature
in
the
MathEduc database
- …