Beneficios de la Administración de Anestesia Raquídea en procesos de esterilización quirúrgica bilateral en el puerperio inmediato con obesidad, en pacientes de 20 a 35 años en Hospital ‘’Dr Juan José Fernández’’ Zacamil en el mes de octubre 202

En la actualidad son muchas las pacientes embarazadas que deciden que se les realice esterilización quirúrgica en el puerperio inmediato, ya que este es un método anticonceptivo eficaz y permanente en dónde el médico ginecólogo obstetra hace una ligadura de las trompas de Falopio obstruyendo el paso del espermatozoide hacía el óvulo para su fecundación; las técnicas más comunes la ligadura de trompas es por vía abdominal convencional o laparoscopía y los métodos de esterilización puerperal usados comúnmente incluyen la técnica de Parkland, Pomeroy, y Pomeroy modificada

Shades of empire: police photography in German South-West Africa

This article looks at a photographic album produced by the German police in colonial Namibia just before World War I. Late 19th- and early 20th-century police photography has often been interpreted as a form of visual production that epitomized power and regimes of surveillance imposed by the state apparatuses on the poor, the criminal and the Other. On the other hand police and prison institutions became favored sites where photography could be put at the service of the emergent sciences of the human body—physiognomy, anthropometry and anthropology. While the conjuncture of institutionalized colonial state power and the production of scientific knowledge remain important for this Namibian case study, the article explores a slightly different set of questions. Echoing recent scholarship on visuality and materiality the photographic album is treated as an archival object and visual narrative that was at the same time constituted by and constitutive of material and discursive practices within early 20th-century police and prison institutions in the German colony. By shifting attention away from image content and visual codification alone toward the question of visual practice the article traces the ways in which the photo album, with its ambivalent, unstable and uncontained narrative, became historically active and meaningful. Therein the photographs were less informed by an abstract theory of anthropological and racial classification but rather entrenched with historically contingent processes of colonial state constitution, socioeconomic and racial stratification, and the institutional integration of photography as a medium and a technology into colonial policing. The photo album provides a textured sense of how fragmented and contested these processes remained throughout the German colonial period, but also how photography could offer a means of transcending the limits and frailties brought by the realities on the ground.International Bibliography of Social Science

A case of contested rural meanings? The association between conflicting beliefs about plantation forestry and representations of the rural landscape in Tasmania

© 2013 Dr. Nerida Margaret AndersonBeliefs about outcomes have been demonstrated to be an important factor in public acceptance of land uses. Understanding how contrasting beliefs are shaped and formed has implications for anticipating and managing land use conflict. However studies investigating community attitudes and perceptions of land uses are largely silent about underlying processes shaping beliefs, in particular why groups of individuals differ in their beliefs about the likely outcomes of contentious land uses. This study draws on literature within environmental psychology demonstrating the contested nature of socially constructed place meanings and social representations of the environment to examine the association between shared place meanings and beliefs about large scale plantation forestry in north-west Tasmania. In Australia the expansion of large scale plantation forestry on agricultural land has resulted in significant social conflict and opposition in some rural areas. Empirical studies demonstrate contrasting evaluations of acceptability to be associated with conflicting beliefs about the likely socio-economic and ecological outcomes of plantation forestry. Drawing on place theory and social representation theory it was proposed individually held beliefs about a contentious land use such as plantation forestry are shaped by social representations formed within groups of individuals sharing similar meanings attributed to the rural landscape. The conceptual framework for this study connects social knowledge theorised as being constructed in the process of social representation to individually held beliefs and attitudes about land uses. A two-stage multi-method approach was used to investigate the association between place meanings and representations of plantation forestry amongst residents of north-west Tasmania. In the first stage 31 semi-structured interviews were conducted using two photo-sorting tasks, a multiple sorting procedure and a Q-sort. Analysis of the interview data identified an association between shared place meanings and the way plantation forestry was represented. People attributing a range of lifestyle and amenity related meanings to the rural landscape were more likely to represent plantation forestry as posing an unacceptable risk. Participants attributing meanings more focused on production were likely to represent plantation forestry as both risk and benefit. Building on these findings, a large scale postal survey was used to investigate the association between beliefs about plantation forestry and representations of the rural landscape within a sample (n = 903) of residents of the study area. Analysis of the survey responses confirmed the association between conflicting beliefs about plantation forestry and contrasting representations of the rural landscape. Beliefs about the likely outcomes of plantation forestry were influenced by the degree to which the landscape was attributed meanings relating to amenity and the protection of trees and native vegetation as well as production. These findings demonstrate the utility of investigating socially shared place meanings as underlying and shaping individually held beliefs and attitudes towards rural land uses

Patterns, processes and vulnerability of Southern Ocean benthos: a decadal leap in knowledge and understanding

In the Southern Ocean, that is areas south of the Polar Front, long-term oceanographic cooling, geographic separation, development of isolating current and wind systems, tectonic drift and fluctuation of ice sheets amongst others have resulted in a highly endemic benthic fauna, which is generally adapted to the long-lasting, relatively stable environmental conditions. The Southern Ocean benthic ecosystem has been subject to minimal direct anthropogenic impact (compared to elsewhere) and thus presents unique opportunities to study biodiversity and its responses to environmental change. Since the beginning of the century, research under the Census of Marine Life and International Polar Year initiatives, as well as Scientific Committee of Antarctic Research biology programmes, have considerably advanced our understanding of the Southern Ocean benthos. In this paper, we evaluate recent progress in Southern Ocean benthic research and identify priorities for future research. Intense efforts to sample and describe the benthic fauna, coupled with coordination of information in global databases, have greatly enhanced understanding of the biodiversity and biogeography of the region. Some habitats, such as chemosynthetic systems, have been sampled for the first time, while application of new technologies and methods are yielding new insights into ecosystem structure and function. These advances have also highlighted important research gaps, notably the likely consequences of climate change. In a time of potentially pivotal environmental change, one of the greatest challenges is to balance conservation with increasing demands on the Southern Ocean's natural resources and services. In this context, the characterization of Southern Ocean biodiversity is an urgent priority requiring timely and accurate species identifications, application of standardized sampling and reporting procedures, as well as cooperation between disciplines and nations. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.0SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe