908 research outputs found
Experimental design for assessment of electrokinetically enhanced delivery of lactate and bacteria in 1,2-cis-dichloroethylene contaminated limestone
Valg af Basishavn i Danmark - En undersøgelse af 6 havne for RA (Royal Arctic)
Analyse til brug for Raoyl Artic's valg af basishavn i DanmarkAnalysen omfattede fire delundersøgelser:
vurdering af nuveærende basishavn (Aalborg)
benchmark af Aalborg Havn og 5 andre havne
en undersøgelse af 1o kunders præferencer for de 6 havne
Økonnomiske konsekvensvurderingerfor Raoyal Arctic, kunderne, Grønland Hjemmestyre og GrønlandResultaterne er konfidentiell
A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel trial of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation in adult patients with migraine
SPECT/CT imaging reveals CNS-wide modulation of glymphatic cerebrospinal fluid flow by systemic hypertonic saline
Intrathecal administration enables central nervous system delivery of drugs that do not bypass the blood-brain barrier. Systemic administration of hypertonic saline (HTS) enhances delivery of intrathecal therapeutics into the neuropil, but its effect on solute clearance from the brain remains unknown. Here, we developed a dynamic in vivo single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) imaging platform to study the effects of HTS on whole-body distribution of the radiolabeled tracer (99)mTc-diethylenetriaminepen-taacetic acid (DTPA) administered through intracisternal, intrastriatal, or intravenous route in anesthetized rats. Co-administration of systemic HTS increased intracranial exposure to intracisternal (99)mTc-DTPA by similar to 80% during imaging. In contrast, HTS had minimal effects on brain clearance of intrastriatal (99)mTc-DTPA. In sum, SPECT/CT imaging presents a valuable approach to study glymphatic drug delivery. Using this methodology, we show that systemic HTS increases intracranial availability of cerebrospinal fluid-administered tracer, but has marginal effects on brain clearance, thus substantiating a simple, yet effective strategy for enhancing intrathecal drug delivery to the brain.Peer reviewe
Thermal stress induces glycolytic beige fat formation via a myogenic state.
Environmental cues profoundly affect cellular plasticity in multicellular organisms. For instance, exercise promotes a glycolytic-to-oxidative fibre-type switch in skeletal muscle, and cold acclimation induces beige adipocyte biogenesis in adipose tissue. However, the molecular mechanisms by which physiological or pathological cues evoke developmental plasticity remain incompletely understood. Here we report a type of beige adipocyte that has a critical role in chronic cold adaptation in the absence of β-adrenergic receptor signalling. This beige fat is distinct from conventional beige fat with respect to developmental origin and regulation, and displays enhanced glucose oxidation. We therefore refer to it as glycolytic beige fat. Mechanistically, we identify GA-binding protein α as a regulator of glycolytic beige adipocyte differentiation through a myogenic intermediate. Our study reveals a non-canonical adaptive mechanism by which thermal stress induces progenitor cell plasticity and recruits a distinct form of thermogenic cell that is required for energy homeostasis and survival
Dysregulated Glial Differentiation in Schizophrenia May Be Relieved by Suppression of SMAD4- and REST-Dependent Signaling
Astrocytic Ion Dynamics: Implications for Potassium Buffering and Liquid Flow
We review modeling of astrocyte ion dynamics with a specific focus on the
implications of so-called spatial potassium buffering, where excess potassium
in the extracellular space (ECS) is transported away to prevent pathological
neural spiking. The recently introduced Kirchoff-Nernst-Planck (KNP) scheme for
modeling ion dynamics in astrocytes (and brain tissue in general) is outlined
and used to study such spatial buffering. We next describe how the ion dynamics
of astrocytes may regulate microscopic liquid flow by osmotic effects and how
such microscopic flow can be linked to whole-brain macroscopic flow. We thus
include the key elements in a putative multiscale theory with astrocytes
linking neural activity on a microscopic scale to macroscopic fluid flow.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figure
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