81 research outputs found
College Student Binge Drinking and the āPrevention Paradoxā: Implications for Prevention and Harm Reduction
On the biomedicalization of alcoholism
The shift in the prevailing view of alcoholism from a moral paradigm towards a biomedical paradigm is often characterized as a form of biomedicalization. We will examine and critique three reasons offered for the claim that viewing alcoholism as a disease is morally problematic. The first is that the new conceptualization of alcoholism as a chronic brain disease will lead to individualization, e.g., a too narrow focus on the individual person, excluding cultural and social dimensions of alcoholism. The second claim is that biomedicalization will lead to stigmatization and discrimination for both alcoholics and people who are at risk of becoming alcoholics. The third claim is that as a result of the biomedical point of view, the autonomy and responsibility of alcoholics and possibly even persons at risk may be unjustly restricted. Our conclusion is that the claims against the biomedical conceptualization of alcoholism as a chronic brain disease are neither specific nor convincing. Not only do some of these concerns also apply to the traditional moral model; above that they are not strong enough to justify the rejection of the new biomedical model altogether. The focus in the scientific and public debate should not be on some massive ābiomedicalization objectionā but on the various concerns underlying what is framed in terms of the biomedicalization of alcoholism
Feasibility of a computer-assisted alcohol SBIRT program in an urban emergency department: patient and research staff perspectives
Differential relationships of family drinking with alcohol expectancy among urban school children
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Positive alcohol outcome expectancy has consistently been linked with problematic drinking, but there is little population-based evidence on its role on early stages of drinking in childhood. The present study seeks to understand the extent to which drinking of family members is differentially associated with the endorsement of alcohol expectancy in late childhood.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A representative sample of 4th and 6th graders (N = 2455) drawn from 28 public schools in an urban region of Taiwan completed a self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaire. Each student provided information on alcohol expectancy, drinking experiences, and individual and family attributes. Complex survey analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship, with stratification by children's alcohol drinking history.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>An estimated 29% of the 4<sup>th </sup>graders and 43% of the 6<sup>th </sup>graders had initiated alcohol consumption (over 40% of them had drank on three or more occasions). Alcohol drinking-related differences appear in both the endorsement and the correlates of alcohol expectancy. Positive alcohol expectancy was strongly associated with family drinking, particularly the dimension of "enhanced social behaviors"; negative alcohol expectancy was inversely associated with drinking frequency. Among alcohol naĆÆve children, significant connections appear between paternal drinking and three dimensions of positive alcohol expectancy (i.e., enhanced social behaviors:Ī²<sub>wt </sub>= 0.15, promoting relaxation or tension reduction:Ī²<sub>wt </sub>= 0.18, and global positive transformation:Ī²<sub>wt </sub>= 0.22).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Individual tailored strategies that address family influences on alcohol expectancy may be needed in prevention programs targeting drinking behaviors in children.</p
Self-Reported Consequences of Intoxication among College Students: Implications for Harm Reduction Approaches to High-Risk Drinking
Routine Use of Screening and Brief Intervention for College Students in a University Counseling Center
Expanding the Role of Health Services Research as a Tool to Reduce the Public Health Burden of Alcohol Use Disorders
Using a single binge drinking question to identify Russian women at risk for an alcohol-exposed pregnancy
Trial study design to test a bilingual digital health tool for alcohol use disorders among Latino emergency department patients
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