Analysis of the spatial distribution of health care centers of Shahrekord by geographical information system

زمینه و هدف: توسعه فیزیکی نامتناسب شهرها و عدم تخصیص مناسب امکانات شهری از جمله توزیع نامتناسب مراکز بهداشتی درمانی سبب هدر رفت منابع مادی و انسانی شده و مشکلات شهر نشینی شهروندان را به دنبال داشته است. هدف از این پژوهش شناسایی مناطق فاقد دسترسی مناسب خدمات بهداشتی جهت توزیع بهینه امکانات بهداشتی بر اساس عدالت در سلامت در تمام مناطق شهری شهرکرد بوده است. روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی مبتنی بر روش‌های پژوهش اسنادی بود. پس از تلفیق دادهای تمام ده مرکز و پایگاه‌های بهداشتی درمانی سطح شهر شهرکرد، با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی با تعیین شعاع عملکردی و دسترسی در سال 1390، پراکنش فضایی این مراکز پس از تجزیه و تحلیل با استفاده از تحلیل سلسله مراتبی داده‌ها رتبه بندی مناطق انجام گردید. یافته ها: داده‌های مراکز و پایگاه‌های بهداشتی درمانی شهر شهرکرد نشان داد که اختلاف زیادی در تمام مراکز و پایگاه‌های بهداشتی شهر شهرکرد از نظر بیشترین به کم‌ترین وسعت تحت پوشش(4/4 برابر)، تعداد جمعیت (3/2 برابر) و تراکم جمعیتی (6/2 برابر) وجود دارد. مناطق حاشیه شمال و جنوب و شرق سطح دسترسی نامناسبی نسبت به مرکز شهر داشته و70 تراکم مراکز و پایگاه‌های بهداشتی شهر شهرکرد فاقد توزیع مناسب می‌باشند. نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که تراکم مراکز و پایگاه‌های بهداشتی شهر شهرکرد فاقد توزیع مناسب بوده و پراکنش مناسبی مشاهده نگردید. توزیع غیرمنطقی و محدوده بندی نامتناسب واحدهای بهداشتی منجر به کاهش سطح دسترسی مطلوب می‌شود که احتمال افت سطح شاخص‌های عدالت در سلامت را به دنبال خواهد داشت

Factors affecting patient safety: a qualitative content analysis

Background: Patient safety is one of the main components of good-quality health services. The main objective of this study is to explore the most effective factors relating to patient safety in Iran.Methods: This qualitative study was done using content analysis. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Through purposive sampling, 14 participants were selected by experts who were familiar with the patient safety friendly hospital program. Interviews were recorded and then analyzed by framework analysis using MAXQDA software.Results: Of 2,474 initial codes, 10 main themes and 53 sub-themes were identified, including importance of human resources; organization and management; interactions and teamwork; medication; equipment and physical environment; patient-related factors; patient safety and quality improvement; the importance of documentation; assessment and monitoring; medical errors; barriers and challenges.Conclusion: Factors affecting patient safety can be divided into two groups: facilitators and barriers. Hospitals can improve the implementation of patient safety standards, reduce the adverse events and enhance patient safety by strengthening facilitating factors, such as providing human resources, adequate medical equipment and facilities, increasing employee participation in quality improvement programs, improving staff training, communicating with patients and their families, and addressing the existing challenges and barriers.[Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2019; 33(2):73-80]Key words: Patient safety, safety, patient, patient's safety friendly hospitals, hospita

The Impact of Structure, Process and Output on the Establishment of an Accreditation System in Social Security Hospitals in Tehran

Background: The lack of an evaluation mechanism and effective accreditation for hospitals in addition to increasing healthcare costs jeopardizes the overall health of communities. This study was conducted to identify and prioritize factors affecting the establishment of an accreditation system in social security hospitals in Tehran in 2015.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and participants consisted of academic experts, hospital chiefs, managers, head nurses and supervisors, and staff of quality improvement in departments of social security in hospitals in Tehran City, Iran. Study samples were of 170 participants. A 5-points Likert scale questionnaire, according to the Donabedian model (structure, process, and output), with 24 items, was used. For data analysis, SPSS software version 22 and Pearson correlation coefficient, one-sample t-test and linear regression were used.Results: Out of 170 participants, 49 (28.8%) were male and 121 (71.2%) were female. T-test results showed that all dimensions had a significant effect on the accreditation system (P<0.05). Also, pearson correlation coefficient results showed that all aspects had a significant correlation with each other (P<0.05). In the regression model, R2 showed that 89.6% of changes of the dependent variable could be predicted.Conclusions: The correct implementation of hospital accreditation requires the specific education for personnel so that they can easily understand the accreditation model and standardized processes that need to be established in the hospital

The Impact of Structure, Process and Output on the Establishment of an Accreditation System in Social Security Hospitals in Tehran

Background: The lack of an evaluation mechanism and effective accreditation for hospitals in addition to increasing healthcare costs jeopardizes the overall health of communities. This study was conducted to identify and prioritize factors affecting the establishment of an accreditation system in social security hospitals in Tehran in 2015.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and participants consisted of academic experts, hospital chiefs, managers, head nurses and supervisors, and staff of quality improvement in departments of social security in hospitals in Tehran City, Iran. Study samples were of 170 participants. A 5-points Likert scale questionnaire, according to the Donabedian model (structure, process, and output), with 24 items, was used. For data analysis, SPSS software version 22 and Pearson correlation coefficient, one-sample t-test and linear regression were used.Results: Out of 170 participants, 49 (28.8%) were male and 121 (71.2%) were female. T-test results showed that all dimensions had a significant effect on the accreditation system (P<0.05). Also, pearson correlation coefficient results showed that all aspects had a significant correlation with each other (P<0.05). In the regression model, R2 showed that 89.6% of changes of the dependent variable could be predicted.Conclusions: The correct implementation of hospital accreditation requires the specific education for personnel so that they can easily understand the accreditation model and standardized processes that need to be established in the hospital

The Role of Medical Students in Patient Safety: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Patient safety is one of the main components of health services quality which is defined as the prevention of harm to patients during health care provision. Medical students as members of the treatment team play an important role in patient safety. This study aimed to identify the role of medical students in patient safety in medical centers in Semnan province. Methods: This applied-qualitative study was carried out using a content analysis approach via the framework analysis method. The participants were key informants and experts of patient safety friendly hospital program. They were selected using purposive sampling and the sampling process continued until the data saturation (n=14). The data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using MAXQDA software (version 10). Results: Of 468 primary codes, 6 main codes were extracted including the importance of student education, student participation in teamwork, interaction with patients, medical errors and patient safety threats, standardization of educational processes, and the importance of completing medical documentation. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that students have a broad impact on patient safety. Professors and faculty members can improve patient safety and patient satisfaction by interacting with hospital managers, improving the knowledge and clinical capability of medical students, and reducing the impact of negative factors on patient safety

Factors Affecting Development of Medical Tourism Industry in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran

Background: The market of medical tourism is considered as a revenue and competitive industry throughout the world, it is also regarded as a novel field of the advanced tourism. Therefore, most of the developing countries have focused on the medical tourism industry and they are planning for implementing it. In 2016, the present research was conducted with the main objective of designing a model for medical tourism development in West Azerbaijan province of Iran.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. The statistical population consisted of 40 interviewees who were selected via targeted sampling. The scholar-made questionnaire and studies of the Ricafort and Kazemi were employed as the tools of collecting data. The PLS software was utilized for analyzing data.Results: The results showed that two main factors, including hospital selection with an impact factor of 0.143 and West Azerbaijan province selection with impact factor of 0.466 had both direct and significant impact on development of medical tourism. The impact factor of all approaches on development of medical tourism was obtained positive and significant (P≤0.001).Conclusions: For development of medical tourism industry in West Azerbaijan province, attention to elements such as the appropriate conditions to attract medical tourism, according to political, legal, and regional economic development is effective

Factors Affecting Development of Medical Tourism Industry in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran

Background: The market of medical tourism is considered as a revenue and competitive industry throughout the world, it is also regarded as a novel field of the advanced tourism. Therefore, most of the developing countries have focused on the medical tourism industry and they are planning for implementing it. In 2016, the present research was conducted with the main objective of designing a model for medical tourism development in West Azerbaijan province of Iran.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. The statistical population consisted of 40 interviewees who were selected via targeted sampling. The scholar-made questionnaire and studies of the Ricafort and Kazemi were employed as the tools of collecting data. The PLS software was utilized for analyzing data.Results: The results showed that two main factors, including hospital selection with an impact factor of 0.143 and West Azerbaijan province selection with impact factor of 0.466 had both direct and significant impact on development of medical tourism. The impact factor of all approaches on development of medical tourism was obtained positive and significant (P≤0.001).Conclusions: For development of medical tourism industry in West Azerbaijan province, attention to elements such as the appropriate conditions to attract medical tourism, according to political, legal, and regional economic development is effective

The Role of Medical Students in Patient Safety: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Patient safety is one of the main components of health services quality which is defined as the prevention of harm to patients during health care provision. Medical students as members of the treatment team play an important role in patient safety. This study aimed to identify the role of medical students in patient safety in medical centers in Semnan province. Methods: This applied-qualitative study was carried out using a content analysis approach via the framework analysis method. The participants were key informants and experts of patient safety friendly hospital program. They were selected using purposive sampling and the sampling process continued until the data saturation (n=14). The data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using MAXQDA software (version 10). Results: Of 468 primary codes, 6 main codes were extracted including the importance of student education, student participation in teamwork, interaction with patients, medical errors and patient safety threats, standardization of educational processes, and the importance of completing medical documentation. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that students have a broad impact on patient safety. Professors and faculty members can improve patient safety and patient satisfaction by interacting with hospital managers, improving the knowledge and clinical capability of medical students, and reducing the impact of negative factors on patient safety

The Readiness of Hospitals to Implement the RFID Technology

Introduction: This study is implemented with the aim of a systematic collecting and reviewing of conducted researches in connection with the implementation of the Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. Methods: This study has examined the existent literatures in databases such as Google Scholar, ISI Web of Knowledge and Science Direct by using the qualitative research methods as a systematical review. The statistical society in this study consisted of archival sources that were collected and classified by the systematic review protocol and were analyzed by using the Marshall and Rasman model. Results: There were many concerns for the use of this technology to optimize the use of RFID technology, especially in the developing country. Using the experiences of developed countries in the use of this technology and changing it according to the conditions could be a major contribution to the use of this technology. Conclusion: Studies done in this area are limited but they will have growth, yet need culture.  It is said that the use of this technology is evident in various industry and society sectors especially in the healthcare sector