Do Household Financial Behaviors affect Poverty in Indonesia?: Evidence from Indonesian Family Life Survey

Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon that can be measured by variety of approaches. The measurements of poverty based on consumption levels are not sufficient to explain various shortcomings faced by the poor. Household financial behavior that tends to be dynamic will indirectly affect household income patterns. Using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) wave 5, this study aimed to identify the impact of household financial behavior on poverty in Indonesia. The results of analysis using Tobit Regression showed that the levels of financial vulnerability, financial literacy, education level, arisan or the rotating economy of savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), and total credit have a negative, significant relationship in influencing poverty. This means that when this variable increases, it will reduce poverty in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the location of residence, either in village or city, has a positive, significant relationship which implies that the location of residence has an impact on the poverty level in Indonesia

The dominant of Bloggers in Malaysian politics through social networks

Every country in this world has own political issues. In Malaysia for example, political issues played an important role that can influence other factors such as social and economy. As we all know, political factor can give positive and negative effect to a situation in Malaysia. The frequent usage of computer nowadays by Malaysian people helps in spreading information and news about political situation in Malaysia through cyberspace. In this paper, we use web mining system with Artificial Immune System (AIS) to regain a small group of relevant websites and webpages on political issues in Malaysia. To analyze the relationship between website and webpages, the concept of social networks will be used. Result from the web mining system with AIS will be used to understand the impact of social network to the political situation in Malaysia

ANALISIS DAYA SAING KOMODITAS SINGKONG KABUPATEN JEMBER DI JAWA TIMUR

ANALISIS DAYA SAING KOMODITAS SINGKONG KABUPATEN JEMBER DI JAWATIMU

STUDI KELEMBAGAAN PERDAGANGAN SINGKONG DI KECAMATAN GUMUKMAS, KABUPATEN JEMBER

Abstract: Cassava is one of the commodities in the agricultural sector that has theopportunity to be cultivated and marketed on a larger scale. However, the threatwerefound that involved cassava trading institutions so the cassava distribution channelwas also constrained. This study aims to (1) identify institutional patterns managecassava farming, namely related stakeholder relations patterns, related rules andtransaction costs in managing cassava farming; (2) implement and evaluate thebusiness development model and the cassava farming business institutions. Themethod used is quantitative and qualitative in the form of existing data and tabulationof perceptual data through in-depth interview techniques. The analytical techniquesused are quantitative descriptive, qualitative approaches and Value Chain Analysis.Institutional phenomena are also examined in the cassava commodity trade chain,namely social capital, and transaction costs. The results showed that the cassavatrading chain in Gumukmas District involved 6 economic actors, namely (1) purefarmers; (2) industrial farmers; (3) Traders, (4) small industries; (5) large industries;(6) and consumers. The institutional trade in cassava is not intervened bygovernment policies or farmer groups. The Institutions produced strong social capitalthat can decreasedthe transaction costs.Keywords: Value Chain, institutional, Cassava Farmer BusinessAbstrak: Singkong merupakan salah satu komoditas di sektor pertanian yangmemiliki peluang untuk dibudidayakan dan dipasarkan dalam skala yang lebih besar.Namun, ditemukan hambatan yang melibatkan kelembagaan perdagangan singkongsehingga alur pendistribusian singkong mempunyai hambatan. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi pola kelembagaan dalam pengelolaan usahatani singkong yaitu pola hubungan stakeholder terkait, aturan terkait dan biayatransaksi dalam pengelolaan usaha tani singkong; (2) melakukan implementasi danevaluasi terhadap model pengembangan usaha dan kelembagaan usaha tanisingkong. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dan kualitatif berupa existingdata dan tabulasi data persepsi melalui teknik in depth interview. Teknik analisisyang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, pendekatan kualitatif dan Analisis RantaiNilai (Value Chain Analysis). Fenomena kelembagaan turut dikaji dalam rantaiperdagangan komoditas singkong yaitu modal sosial dan biaya transaksi. Hasilpenelitian menunjukan bahwa rantai perdagangan singkong di KecamatanGumukmas melibatkan 6 pelaku ekonomi yaitu (1) petani murni; (2) petani industri;(3) Pedagang, (4) industri kecil; (5) industri besar; (6) konsumen akhir. Kelembagaanperdagangan singkong tidak diintervensi oleh kebijakan pemerintah maupunkelompok tani. Kelembagaan menghasilkan modal sosial yang kuat yang dapatmeminimalisir keberadaan biaya transaksi.Kata Kunci: Rantai Nilai, kelembagaan, Usaha Tani Singkon

THE ROLE OF MACROPRUDENTIAL POLICY TO MANAGE EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY, EXCESS BANKING LIQUIDITY, AND CREDITS

This paper analyzes the macroprudential policy by the central bank to maintain the financial system stability. Using panel data of the government banks, foreign, private, joint venture, and regional development banks during 2004- 2012, we employ Vector Autoregressive Exogenous (VARX) and event analysis method and find that the level of exchange rate volatility decrease after the implementation of the one month holding period, six-month holding period and net open position policies. However, for the nominal exchange rate, these policies are not effective. In aggregate the reserve requirement plus loan to deposit ratio policy is effective to raise the bank credit allocation. Furthermore, the impact of the primary reserve policy is very limited to lower the liquidity of the economy; while at the same time the flow of foreign capital comes into very heav

The use of reflection mode ultrasonic transceiver sensor in pipeline inspection guage to monitor pipeline internal corrosion

Aging gas transmission pipelines are prone to internal corrosion due to the presence of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide in the natural gas constituents. Commonly, the in-line inspection tool known as Pipeline Inspection Gauge (PIG) is applied to perform the corrosion inspection of the pipeline. This paper describes an ultrasonic instrumentation system for PIG to monitor internal corrosion of pipeline. The system consists of ultrasonic transceiver sensor, ultrasonic driving circuitry and data acquisition system. The hardware is equipped with a sensor carrier which is propelled along the test pipeline. The time of flight (TOF) of the ultrasonic wave is measured and was used to evaluate the internal corrosion of pipeline. An initial experimental instrument was set up to perform the distance measurement test at a frequency of 390 kHz, to simulate the changes of pipe wall thickness due to corrosion effect. Surface anomalies were created at different positions to simulate the changes of pipe wall thickness due to the corrosion effect. Variation in measured distances implied the existence of the surface anomalies. The results of the simulated surface anomalies showed that the percentage error was less than + 5%. The large value of average DC voltage gave indication of distance increment due to the depth of the surface anomalies. The developed ultrasonic instrumentation system is capable to monitor the internal corrosion of pipeline

Rethinking the exchange rate disconnect puzzle theory in ASEAN-6

The theory of the exchange rate disconnect puzzle provides evidence of the instability of exchange rate relationship with macroeconomic fundamentals. This study will analyse the enactment of the theory of the exchange rate disconnect puzzle with the macroeconomic fundamental phenomenon in affecting the exchange rate movements in the ASEAN-6. The method of analysis Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) with panel data is used to provide an explanation for the existence of the theory of the exchange rate puzzle disconnect. Results the analysis showed the relationship between macroeconomic fundamentals through proxies of the monetary approach affect to exchange rate movements in the ASEAN-6

Is the Digital Economy Driving the Economic Growth of the Sumatra Region During the Pandemic?

Digitalization has an essential role during the pandemic because it helps facilitate various economic activities. This study aims to analyze the economic digitization of financial technology on economic growth in the Sumatra region (North Sumatra, West Sumatra, and South Sumatra) in January 2020-June 2021. We also used macroeconomic indicators in the form of inflation, foreign direct investment (FDI), and domestic investment (DI) as a control to explain economic conditions. The analysis results using the Panel Vector Autoregression (P-VAR) showed that fintech contributed positively to economic growth. This result was supported by maintained inflation stability that created a conducive investment climate, thereby attracting FDI. We recommend that the regional government take advantage of existing fintech and that "prudent" policies on inflation management must always be adequately prioritized to support the acceleration of economic growth in the Sumatra region, especially North Sumatra, West Sumatra, and South Sumatra

TWO STEPS OF RICARDIAN EQUIVALENCE: AN EVIDENCE IN INDONESIA

Ricardian Equivalence was analyzed through the influence of deficit fiscal policy on consumption, the fiscal deficit policy of Soeharto regime and reform had a difference, the difference lied in the policy as outline in the government budgets preparation. Soeharto regime applied budget concept of the T-account model, while the reform applied budget concept of I-account. The differences of concept budgetting affected the deficit fiscal policy, while the component of deficit fiscal policy consisted of budget deficits, government expenditure, government debt, and tax revenue. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of the differences in Soeharto regime and reform toward deficit fiscal policy component, as well as to determine the effect of deficit fiscal policy to domestic consumption, and determine the Ricardian Equivalence phenomenon and formation. Based on these objectives, an analysis tool used was Ordinary Least Squared (OLS) and Two Stage Least Squared (TSLS), with time series data from the years 1969-2013. The analysis showed that the difference reign did not significantly affect the components of deficits fiscal, and Ricardian Equivalence happened in Indonesia by the year 1969-1981 as Ricardian first period, and 1982-2013 as the second period of Ricardian

The evaluation of k-ε and k-ω turbulence models in modelling flows and performance of S-shaped diffuser

Diffusing S-shaped ducts are critical components in modern vehicle, primarily employed in directing the airflow to the engine. It links the air box and the engine in a very restricted place. The air flow through an S-duct is complex in nature, which perhaps includes boundary layer separation, secondary flow, and total pressure loss effects that influences the engine performance. In this work, the flow and performance of S-shaped duct was predicted and analysed using computational fluid dynamics. The main objective is to evaluate the performance of the realizable k-ε and k-ω SST models qualitatively and quantitatively in modelling flow of a highly bend duct where a high stress distorted flow may have developed in proximity the duct wall leading to stall. CFD computations were performed for the flow entering the diffuser at Reynolds number of 80,000 cases. The results obtained suggested that the k-ω SST model reasonably predicts the flow characteristics qualitatively and quantitatively. The realizable k-ε turbulence model however poorly captures the actual magnitudes of the calculated flow features. The growth of the stream-wise velocity profile was calculated at three stream-wise stations and point out a smooth down the interior profile of the divergent section. An extreme flow distortion and a shift of the region of flow with the highest velocity were developed toward the outer wall of the first bend of the diffuser. A significant pressure recovery potential with no flow separation arise over the diffuser tube range was predicted well by the simulations