AS RAÍZES DA TEORIA DA ESTABILIDADE DO EQUILÍBRIO COMPETITIVO DE MERCADO MÚLTIPLO: AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE HICKS, SAMUELSON, LANGE E MELTZER

This article purposed a treatment historical and analytical of the theory of stability of competitive equilibrium in multiple markets, using analytical geometry and differential calculus as elements for solution of the competitive equilibrium, especially the literature established in Hicks (1939), Samuelson (1941, 1942, and 1947), Lange (1944) and Meltzer (1945).Este artigo propõe-se a de maneira clara e sucinta traçar os panoramas histórico-institucional e analítico da teoria da estabilidade do equilíbrio competitivo. Usando como elemento de análise a geometria analítica, o cálculo diferencial, pretende-se elaborar a teoria da estabilidade do equilíbrio competitivo em mercado múltiplo e sua solução estabelecida em Hicks (1939), Samuelson (1941, 1942, 1947), Lange (1944), Meltzer (1945) e expondo suas contribuições principais tais como conceitos, proposições e teoremas e apresentando suas possíveis divergências na construção do pensamento econômico

OS IMPACTOS DA ABERTURA COMERCIAL NO PADRÃO DE COMÉRCIO E NA DESIGUALDADE DE RENDIMENTOS: UMA REVISITA AOS MODELOS TEÓRICOS E A LITERATURA EMPÍRICA.

O presente artigo teve como objetivo apresentar uma revisita aos modelos teóricos da teoria do comércio internacional e seus impactos sobre o padrão de comércio e a desigualdade de renda e a literatura empírica existente, com ênfase nos trabalhos relacionados ao Brasil. Para isso foram visualizados os modelos teóricos de: Heckscher-Ohlin; Stolper-Samuelson e a desagregação regional de Venables e Limão (2002) (denominado de Heckscher-Ohlin-von Thunen). Em relação aos trabalhos empíricos, foram constatados resultados contraditórios ao longo da literatura, o que demonstra a importância do contínuo estudo acerca do tema e suas particularidades

A ELASTICIDADE PREÇO, SUBSTITUIÇÃO DE ALLEN, MORISHIMA E O RETORNO DE ESCALA DOS INSUMOS: UMA APLICAÇÃO DA FUNÇÃO CUSTO TRANSLOG NO SETOR AGROPECUÁRIO DOS MUNICÍPIOS DO SUBMÉDIO DO RIO SÂO FRANCISCO

This study aimed to present the concepts of duality and cost function in the literature, as well an empirical example using the translog cost function for the calculation of price-elasticities (direct and cross), Allen’s elasticity of substitution, Morishima’s elasticity of substitution and the returns of scale of the agricultural sector for the region of the São Francisco River submedium (1995/1996 and 2006).Este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar os conceitos de dualidade e função custo existentes na literatura, assim como apresentar um exemplo empírico utilizando a função custo translog para o cálculo das elasticidades-preço direta e cruzada, as elasticidade de substituição de Allen e Morishima e os retornos de escala do setor agropecuário para os anos de 1995/1996 e 2006 para a região do submédio do Rio São Francisco. As elasticidades obtidas estão de acordo com a literatura teórica e empírica observada, apresentando características de substituição entre os fatores. Verificou-se também mudanças nas proporções nas elasticidades dos fatores entre os anos observados mas mantendo a característica de substituição entre eles, assim como foi possível observar um aumento no retorno de escala da economia de 1995/1996 para 2006

Modelo de Precificação de Ativos de Capital: Um estudo de caso no setor de frigoríficos

O objetivo do artigo é a aplicação do modelo de precificação de ativos conhecido na literatura economia financeira como CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL –MODELO DE PRECIFICAÇÃO DE ATIVOS DE CAPITAL,utilizando como ferramentas os balanços patrimoniais das empresas selecionadas JBS S.A. e BRF - BRASIL FOODS S.A., no período relativo ao ano de 2009 e 2010.Resultado fundamental : ambas as empresas no período em estudo apresentaram um beta inferior a 1 , ou seja,  risco menor que o risco do mercado

Assessment and antimricrobial modulating activity of the extract of Baccharis cinerea DC. from cariri cearense

Baccharis cinerea belongs to the Asteraceae family, in Brazil is found in the Northeast and Southeast, occurring in the Caatinga and Mata Atlântica biomes, on the edges of the seasonal forests, board and altitude forests in both regenerating primary and secondary areas. Has proven antimicrobial and antiviral activity and is widely used in folk medicine for its various therapeutic effects and is used as an antiseptic for skin and wound infections, inflammation, diarrhea as well as being used as a purgative. The plants used in the traditional medicine are more and more explored scientifically because they are possible resources of substances with antimicrobial activity in front damage man’s health microorganism. In this context the objective of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity, modulator activity of antibiotic and in vitro phytochemical prospection of leaf ethanol extracts. Tests were performed on the bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536). The antibacterial activity was analyzed by means determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). For the evaluation of the modulating activity, the microdilution method of the diluted extract samples with the antibiotic’s amikacin, clindamycin and gentamicin was used. The MIC results were ≥ 1024 μg mL-1 by the bacterial strains. There was a relevance of concentrations in modulation with the antimicrobials tested such as amikacin and gentamicin, there were no discrepancy of clindamycin results in association with the extract. The chemical constituents found were leucoanthocyanidins, flabobenic tannins, flavanones, flavones, flavonoids, xanthones, chalcones, aurones. It is important to note that is necessary to do other studies to evaluate the potential of this species because it has important chemical compounds in reducing antimicrobial resistance

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt