16 research outputs found
New findings on the fungal species Tricholoma matsutake from Ukraine, and revision of its taxonomy and biogeography based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses
Publisher Copyright: Š 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.Matsutake mushrooms are among the best-known edible wild mushroom taxa worldwide. The representative Tricholoma matsutake is from East Asia and the northern and central regions of Europe. Here, we report the existence of T. matsutake under fir trees in Eastern Europe (i.e., Ukraine), as confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of nine loci on the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. All specimens from Japan, Bhutan, China, North Korea, South Korea, Sweden, Finland, and Ukraine formed a T. matsutake clade according to the phylogeny of the internal transcribed spacer region. The European population of T. matsutake was clustered based on the β2 tubulin gene, with a moderate bootstrap value. In contrast, based on analyses of three loci, i.e., rpb2, tef1, and the β2 tubulin gene, T. matsutake specimens sampled from Bhutan and China belonged to a clade independent of the other specimens of this species, implying a genetically isolated population. As biologically available type specimens of T. matsutake have not been designated since its description as a new species from Japan in 1925, we established an epitype of this fungus, sampled in a Pinus densiflora forest in Nagano, Japan.Peer reviewe
Tricholoma matsutake may take more nitrogen in the organic form than other ectomycorrhizal fungi for its sporocarp development : the isotopic evidence
Tricholoma matsutake is an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungus capable of in vitro saprotrophic growth, but the sources of C and N used to generate sporocarps in vivo are not well understood. We examined natural abundance isotope data to investigate this phenomenon. For this purpose, C, N and their stable isotopes (13C, 15N) content of fungal sporocarps and their potential nutrient sources (i.e., foliage, litter, fine roots, wood, and soil) were investigated from two well-studied sites in Finland and Japan. Our results show that δ13C values of T. matsutake and other fungal groups are consistent with those of most studies, but a very high δ15N value (16.8â°âÂąâ2.3) is observed in T. matsutake. Such isotopic pattern of fungal δ15N suggests that matsutake has a greater proteolytic potential to digest chemically complex 15N-enriched organic matter and hydrophobic hyphae. This assumption is further supported by a significant and positive correlation between δ13Ccapâstipe and δ15Ncapâstipe exclusively in T. matsutake, which suggests common C and N sources (protein) possible for isotopically enriched cap. The 13C increase of caps relative to stipe presumably reflects greater contents of 13C-enriched protein than 13C-depleted chitin. We conclude that T. matsutake is a typical ECM fungus which obtains for its sporocarp development for both C and N from a common protein source (vs. photosynthetic carbon) present in soil organic matter.Peer reviewe
Corrigendum to âRelationship between climate, expansion rate, and fruiting in fairy rings (âshiroâ) of an ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake in a Pinus densiflora forestâ [Fungal Ecol. 15 (2015) 18â28]
Abundance of Collembola (Insecta) inhabiting the hyphal mat of an ectomycorrhizal fungus, Sarcodon scabrosus, in a Pinus densiflora forest
Relationship between climate, expansion rate, and fruiting in fairy rings (âshiroâ) of an ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake in a Pinus densiflora forest
New findings on the fungal species Tricholoma matsutake from Ukraine, and revision of its taxonomy and biogeography based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses
Publisher Copyright: Š 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.Matsutake mushrooms are among the best-known edible wild mushroom taxa worldwide. The representative Tricholoma matsutake is from East Asia and the northern and central regions of Europe. Here, we report the existence of T. matsutake under fir trees in Eastern Europe (i.e., Ukraine), as confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of nine loci on the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. All specimens from Japan, Bhutan, China, North Korea, South Korea, Sweden, Finland, and Ukraine formed a T. matsutake clade according to the phylogeny of the internal transcribed spacer region. The European population of T. matsutake was clustered based on the β2 tubulin gene, with a moderate bootstrap value. In contrast, based on analyses of three loci, i.e., rpb2, tef1, and the β2 tubulin gene, T. matsutake specimens sampled from Bhutan and China belonged to a clade independent of the other specimens of this species, implying a genetically isolated population. As biologically available type specimens of T. matsutake have not been designated since its description as a new species from Japan in 1925, we established an epitype of this fungus, sampled in a Pinus densiflora forest in Nagano, Japan.Peer reviewe
Novel Glycobiomarker for Ovarian Cancer That Detects Clear Cell Carcinoma
Epithelial
ovarian cancer (EOC) is often asymptomatic and thus
diagnosed at advanced stages with a poor prognosis. False-negative
results for the conventional marker CA125 frequently occur in cases
of clear cell carcinoma (CCC), a type of EOC; therefore, it is necessary
to develop biomarkers with greater sensitivity. We previously reported
a strategy to discover glycobiomarker candidates by combined lectin
microarray and IGOTâLC/MS analysis. We have now optimized this
strategy for discovering EOC biomarkers. Glycopeptides possessing
cancerous glycans were enriched from the ascites fluids and culture
supernatants of cancer cell lines with a fucose-binding lectin, AAL.
IGOTâLC/MS analysis of CCC samples yielded 144 candidate glycoproteins.
We selected WFA by lectin microarray as the optimal lectin to distinguish
EOC from gastric and colon cancer. The candidates were narrowed by
Western
analysis of the WFA-bound fraction of ascites fluids. One of the final
candidates, WFA-reactive ceruloplasmin, produced higher signals in
the ascites fluids of EOC patients, including CCC, in comparison with
the benign samples, while CA125 levels were comparable in the sandwich
ELISA. Thus, our glycoproteomic strategy featuring efficient enrichment
of glycans with disease-related alterations is applicable to various
diseases
Glycoproteomic Discovery of Serological Biomarker Candidates for HCV/HBV Infection-Associated Liver Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
We
previously proposed a high-throughput strategy to discover serological
biomarker candidates of cancer. This strategy focuses on a series
of candidate glycoproteins that are specifically expressed in the
original tissues (cells) of the target cancer and that carry glycan
structures associated with carcinogenesis [Narimatsu, H., et al. <i>FEBS J.</i> <b>2010</b>, <i>277</i>(1), 95â105].
Here, we examined the effectiveness of our strategy in identifying
biomarkers to assess progression of liver fibrosis and for the early
detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). On the basis of the results
of lectin array analyses in culture media of hepatoma cell lines,
we captured glycopeptides carrying AAL-ligands (fucosylated glycans)
or DSA-ligands (branched glycans) from digests of culture media proteins
and sera from HCC patients with a background of liver cirrhosis (LC).
Glycoproteins were identified by the IGOT-LCâMS method. In
all, 21 candidates were selected from 744 AAL-bound glycoproteins
for further verification according to (i) their abundance in serum,
(ii) their specific expression in liver, and (iii) the availability
of antibodies to the glycoproteins. All selected candidates showed
enhancement of AAL-reactivity in sera of HCC patients compared with
that of healthy volunteers (HV). These results indicate that our glycoproteomic
strategy is effective for identifying multiple glyco-biomarker candidates
in a high-throughput manner