リサイクリングエンドソームにおける低分子量G蛋白質Rabの役割

Tohoku University福田光則課

A preliminary study on the keeping quality of locally produced marine and freshwater salted dried fish

Experiments were conducted on the storage life of salted dried fish from both freshwater and marine species. It was found that the storage life of salted dried products from the 2 freshwater species tested (Ompok bimaculatus and Labeo dussumieri) is much longer than that of the 2 marine species (Gonialosa manminna and Chorinemus lysan), i.e., 51 days

Increase of storage shelf life of locally produced salted/dried fish by redrying and/or packeting

Experiments were undertaken to prolong the storage life of salted/dried fish by re-drying and/or packing. The storage life under normal conditions is 51 days; re-drying the fish at 50°C for 12 hours extends the storage life only by 7 days. However, re-drying and packing gizzard shad (Gonialosa manminna ) in polyethylene maintains the fish in excellent conditions for well over 87 days. The use of air tight bags for storing good quality salted dried fish is recommended

Decision-delivery interval for emergency Caesarean section and perinatal outcome in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, Nigeria

The internationally recommended 30 minutes decision-delivery interval for emergency caesarean section has become a cause for concern in many maternity units especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of this recommendation in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and the consequences of any derailment. This was an analytical study that was conducted on women who had emergency caesarean section in our center over a seven-month period. None of the 150 parturients in the study population was delivered within 30 minutes of decision for emergency caesarean section. Only seven (4.7%) of the parturients were delivered within 1 hour. The mean decision-delivery interval was 3.4 hours. The perinatal mortality rate among the study population was 73 per 1000 births. Among major reasons responsible for delay in the decision-delivery interval were engagement of the theatre and non-availability of anaesthetists. Parturients with failure to progress in labour had a mean decision-delivery interval of 3.2 hours with 3.5% having moderate to severe birth asphyxia. Parturients with fetal distress had a mean decision-delivery interval of 2.8 hours with 21.9% having moderate to severe birth asphyxia. The mean decision-delivery interval of 3.4 hours was attained in parturients with obstructed labour with 50% having moderate to severe birth asphyxia. The attainment of the recommended 30 minutes decision–delivery interval for emergency caesarean section was not feasible in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital.Key words: emergency, caesarean section, decision-delivery interval, perinatal outcom

Keeping quality of imported dried fish

All imported salted, dried fish samples tested had a salt content below 30% and above 12% and hence met requirements of the proposed standard. Also samples without quality cut tested had a greater salt content than that with quality cut. This indicates that salt contributes to protecting dried fish and hence may be endorsed by sensory evaluation to a certain extent. Samples with quality cut had more moisture than that without quality cut. But all samples with and without quality cut had a moisture content greater than 35% which is the maximum moisture content for such species specified in the standard. Microbiological testing for total counts and Coliform contents too showed that good quality dried fish had counts greater than that specified in the standard. The different species of fish tested had varying lengths of shelf life. But on an average the shelf life of dried fish could be prolonged for about 12 days by re-drying at 45°C for 6 hours, i.e., re-drying at these temperatures without subsequent packing in polythene bags may not be practical for prolonging the storage life of salted/dried fish

Advanced solutions for quality-oriented multimedia broadcasting

Multimedia content is increasingly being delivered via different types of networks to viewers in a variety of locations and contexts using a variety of devices. The ubiquitous nature of multimedia services comes at a cost, however. The successful delivery of multimedia services will require overcoming numerous technological challenges many of which have a direct effect on the quality of the multimedia experience. For example, due to dynamically changing requirements and networking conditions, the delivery of multimedia content has traditionally adopted a best effort approach. However, this approach has often led to the end-user perceived quality of multimedia-based services being negatively affected. Yet the quality of multimedia content is a vital issue for the continued acceptance and proliferation of these services. Indeed, end-users are becoming increasingly quality-aware in their expectations of multimedia experience and demand an ever-widening spectrum of rich multimedia-based services. As a consequence, there is a continuous and extensive research effort, by both industry and academia, to find solutions for improving the quality of multimedia content delivered to the users; as well, international standards bodies, such as the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), are renewing their effort on the standardization of multimedia technologies. There are very different directions in which research has attempted to find solutions in order to improve the quality of the rich media content delivered over various network types. It is in this context that this special issue on broadcast multimedia quality of the IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting illustrates some of these avenues and presents some of the most significant research results obtained by various teams of researchers from many countries. This special issue provides an example, albeit inevitably limited, of the richness and breath of the current research on multimedia broadcasting services. The research i- - ssues addressed in this special issue include, among others, factors that influence user perceived quality, encoding-related quality assessment and control, transmission and coverage-based solutions and objective quality measurements

Side effect profile of Jadelle implant in Nigerian women during the first 12 months of usage

Background: Most of the reasons for discontinuation of Jadelle implants by clients are related to the progestogenic side effects, which are dependent on the plasma levels of the hormone. The plasma level of levonorgestrel from Jadelle implant is about 100µg in the first month of insertion, but declines sharply in the first 12months of usage to stabilize at 30µg per day from 24 months of usage. This study was designed to assess the side effect profile of Jadelle implant in users during the first 12months of usage in a view to assessing its acceptability to the clients.Methods: Data sheet was designed to obtain demographic and clinical parameters of clients and prevailing side effects were surveyed longitudinally over the first 12months of usage.Results: There was no request for discontinuation of the method and no accidental pregnancy occurred during the period of the study. There was significant disruption of the menstrual pattern of clients over time with 31.1% developing irregular uterine bleeding from 6months of usage, whereas 16.6% of clients became amenorrheic from the 12month of usage. (p= 0.000) Changes in blood pressure and body weight of clients were not significant during the 12month period of the survey. Non menstrual side effects of Jadelle implants, which included headache, breast tenderness, dizziness among clients were noted at 6months of usage but became less prevalent by the 12month of usage.Conclusions: Jadelle implant proved to be highly effective, safe and acceptable to Nigerian clients during the study period, even though the implant had significant impact on their menstrual pattern

Non-timber forest incomes and economic welfare in the South-West region of Cameroon: The incidence of rural income inequality

Abstract. With the aim of answering the question whether or not Non-Timber Forest Products can contribute in reducing rural income inequality in the South-West region of Cameroon, the study used primary data collected from a survey on 408 rural household heads. The Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. We adopted three different methodologies – The Gini Coefficient, The Lorenz curve, and The Income Decomposition by income sources to obtain identical results. The results revealed that incomes from non-timber forest products reduces rural income inequality in the rural parts of the region significantly, and occupy an important position amongst the different income sources which were investigated. We therefore recommend improved value-added for Non-Timber Forest Products through processing. A better management of the forest in general and the forest resources in particular will ensure improved benefits to the community as a whole especially in the areas of total income and income inequality..Keywords. Economic Welfare, Rural Income Inequality, Non-Timber Forest Incomes, Gini Coefficient Income Decomposition by income sources and Cameroon.JEL. O11, E20, Q13, C30