Pushover Response of Multi Degree of Freedom Steel Frames

Seismic codes use the behaviour factor to consider the ductility and the structure's non-linearity to improve the system's overall performance. Generally, Steel moment-resisting frames are characterized by a relatively high period showing high deformability and, foreseen that with stringent damageability criteria, the adopted behaviour factor might not optimally be utilized for achieving better performance of the frames. The design is generally governed by stiffness, leaving behind a complex structural system where the capacity design rules are disturbed and therefore necessitates to relax the drift limits for such frames. Given this and with extensive parametric analysis, the current paper aims to examine the behaviour factor of steel Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs). The parametric analysis has been conducted on rigid steel MRFs of 9, 7, and 5 storeys with bay 4 different bay widths of 9.15 m, 7.63 m, 6.54 m, and 5.08 m. Perimeter frame configuration has been designed using 4 different behaviour factors (q = 6.5, 4, 3, and 2) for a total number of 144 cases. Static nonlinear analysis has been conducted, and consequently, the behaviour factors have been examined. It has been observed that compatibility is required while choosing the drift limit for an assumed ductility class of the code. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-08 Full Text: PD

Bayesian Analysis for Generalized Rayleigh Distribution

The generalized Rayleigh distribution (GRD) is considered to be a very useful life distribution.  In this paper, we obtain Bayesian estimation of the shape parameter of the two-parameter Generalized Rayleigh distribution using single and double priors. A simulation study is conducted in R software to compare the different priors. Key Words: Bayes estimation, double prior, hyper parameter, posterior distribution, posterior predictive distribution

Circulatory responses to propofol-ketamine combination compared to propofol alone for sedation during spinal anesthesia

The present study was undertaken to establish the efficacy of low dosepropofol-ketamine infusion in maintaining hemodynamic stability when used for sedation as compared to propofol alone during spinal anesthesia. Sixty adult patients of either sex, belonging to ASA physical status I and II undergoing urological procedures were studied in a randomized manner. After administering spinal anesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine,patients were assigned to two groups of 30 patients each. Group I (propofol-ketamine combination) received intial loading dose of propofol and ketamine followed by a continuous infusion of low dose propofol and ketamine whereas group II (propofol alone) received a bolus dose of propofol followed by a continuous infusion of propofol only. Hemodynamic parameters like heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and sedation scores rated on a five point scale were recorded at baseline and at the predetermined intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes after spinal anesthesia. It was found that heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in group I patients at various intervals as compared to group II patients, however sedation scores revealed no significant difference at different timeintervals between the two groups. In conclusion propofol-ketamine combination was found to confer hemodynamic stability during spinal anesthesia as compared to propofol alone

Immunoglobulin profile in pulmonary tuberculosis in endemically prevalent Kashmiri population, Kashmir, India

Background: Kashmir valley is endemically prevalent destination for tuberculosis. The role of T cell mediated immunity is very well known in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. However, the B cell immune response has been studied less often. Thus, it was very interesting to estimate the levels of serum immunoglobulins in pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: Serum levels of the immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM were evaluated in 100 adult patients of untreated sputum positive cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in the age group of 20-65 years (36.42±8.95) and 50 controls of the same age group (34.26±9.46). The Immunoglobulins were estimated using single radial immunodiffusion method of Mancini et al.Results: The mean IgG and IgA levels were observed to be significantly increased in the patient group when compared with the controls (P<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in the IgM levels between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the immunoglobulin levels between the two sexes as also between the various defined age groups. The mean serum IgG levels showed significant correlation with the duration of illness (P<0.001-highly significant), while as the difference was insignificant in case of IgA and IgM. Further, the immunoglobulin levels did not show any significant correlation with the extent and the nature of lesion on chest radiography.Conclusions: Serum IgG and IgA levels were significantly increased in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis as compared to controls. However, no significant difference was observed in serum IgM levels

Bayesian Analysis of Generalized Exponential Distribution

Bayesian estimators of unknown parameters of a two parameter generalized exponential distribution are obtained based on non-informative priors using different loss functions

Streamlined Description of Pontics

Advances in the field of restorative materials allow a lost tooth&nbsp;to be replaced by artificial tooth structure that is virtually&nbsp;indiscernible from the original. Pontics are the artificial teeth ina fixed partial prosthesis that replace the lost natural teeth, and&nbsp;restore function and appearance. A wide variety of names have&nbsp;been attributed to pontics by different authors. Classification&nbsp;systems were devised based on the nomenclature. Other than&nbsp;the definition there is no universality of the nomenclature,&nbsp;classification and indications. This greatly confuses the&nbsp;professionals in the decision making process of fixed&nbsp;prosthodontic treatment.&nbsp;The aim of this review is to evaluate the descriptions given&nbsp;in the literature and comprehend them under a common heading.&nbsp

Augmented reality for orthopedic and maxillofacial oncological surgery: a systematic review focusing on both clinical and technical aspects

This systematic review offers an overview on clinical and technical aspects of augmented reality (AR) applications in orthopedic and maxillofacial oncological surgery. The review also provides a summary of the included articles with objectives and major findings for both specialties. The search was conducted on PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases and returned on 31 May 2023. All articles of the last 10 years found by keywords augmented reality, mixed reality, maxillofacial oncology and orthopedic oncology were considered in this study. For orthopedic oncology, a total of 93 articles were found and only 9 articles were selected following the defined inclusion criteria. These articles were subclassified further based on study type, AR display type, registration/tracking modality and involved anatomical region. Similarly, out of 958 articles on maxillofacial oncology, 27 articles were selected for this review and categorized further in the same manner. The main outcomes reported for both specialties are related to registration error (i.e., how the virtual objects displayed in AR appear in the wrong position relative to the real environment) and surgical accuracy (i.e., resection error) obtained under AR navigation. However, meta-analysis on these outcomes was not possible due to data heterogenicity. Despite having certain limitations related to the still immature technology, we believe that AR is a viable tool to be used in oncological surgeries of orthopedic and maxillofacial field, especially if it is integrated with an external navigation system to improve accuracy. It is emphasized further to conduct more research and pre-clinical testing before the wide adoption of AR in clinical settings

Graph Theory and Matrix Approach (GTMA) Model for the Selection of the Femoral-Component of Total Knee Joint Replacement

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is the increasing trend now a day, in revision surgery which is associated with aseptic loosening, which is a challenging research for the TKR component. The selection of optimal material loosening can be controlled at some limits. This paper is going to consider the best material selected among a number of alternative materials for the femoral component (FC) by using Graph Theory. Here GTMA process used for optimization of material and a systematic technique introduced through sensitivity analysis to find out the more reliable result. Obtained ranking suggests the use of optimized material over the other existing material. By following GTMA Co_Cr-alloys (wrought-Co-Ni-CrMo) and Co_Cr-alloys (cast-able-Co-Cr-Mo)are on the 1st and 2nd position respectively