Factors influencing the strategic frame-building of para-athletes in Japan from the public relations perspective

Framing is used for strategic communication as a rhetorical tool by including and excluding certain elements to generate effective media messages to gain particular social attitudes. The frame-building process is affected by external and internal factors. Para-sports promoters have been struggling with the depiction of para-athletes, because the public seems to perceive messages about people with disabilities as unattractive or socially inappropriate. Public relations professionals involved in the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics may very well face similar and other challenges, such as public censorship on the topic of disabilities, in Japan. This study investigates the external and internal factors that influenced the strategic frame-building process of para-athletes and sports at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics to achieve the objective of promoting an inclusive Japanese society. As this research was explorative, in-depth interviews were conducted according to the hierarchy of influences on media content with public relations practitioners engaged in this event. The findings suggest that multiple endogenous and exogenous factors, including the social circumstances and the COVID-19 pandemic, are likely to have influenced the public relations efforts supporting the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics. The findings further contribute to exploring questions regarding the strategic frame-building process and a new direction of the strategic frames of its promotion for future research

Authentic education for sustainable development practice using academic geography papers

　本研究は，専門科学者がおこなう「真正な実践」の解明を試みる共同研究の1 つである。共同研究における本稿の位置づけは，知識の社会領域である。地理学者の研究を対象に地理学における学びの過程の分析を行い，地理教師が教育実践のために論文を読み解く際に，何を，どのように活用できるかを考察する。 　本稿は，知識の社会領域の中でも特に「ESD」をテーマとした教育実践について，真正性という観点からその改善について考察する。本校ではスーパーサイエンスハイスクール（SSH）の指定を受け，「持続可能な社会を先導する科学者の育成」を目標としたカリキュラム開発に取り組んでおり，筆者は「ESD」分野の開発を行っている。そこでESD の重要概念である「持続可能な開発」について考察した論文を読解し，プログラムや単元をより「真正な実践」に近づけるよう開発することを目的とした。 　対象とする論文は，「韓国の干潟開発論争地の『その後』にみる『持続可能な開発』」（淺野ほか，2011）である。この論文は，韓国における沿岸域の開発に関する共同研究の1 つであり，「持続可能な開発」概念を批判的に検討したものである。まず第１段階として，論文の構成と構造を分析した。次に第２段階として,その論文を活用した教育実践事例を示し，論文の活用について示した。 　分析の結果，論文から，「持続可能な開発」概念が社会的に構築されたものである，という学びを読み解くことができた。そして，地理学者の学びをプログラムや単元の構成原理として活用することができた。This study is one part of collaborative research investigating “authentic practice” conducted by specialists in relevant fields. Within the collaborative research, this paper is located in the social sphere of knowledge. Targeting research of geographers, analysis of the process of learning in geography was conducted, and the questions of what geography teachers can use from reading academic papers and how they can use them for educational practice were considered. Within the social sphere of knowledge, this paper focuses particularly on the theme of “ESD: Education for Sustainable Development”, examining the improvement of educational practice from the perspective of authenticity. The author’s school has been designated as a Super Science High (SSH) School, engaged in the development of curriculums aimed at “the development of scientists to lead sustainable societies”, and the author is developing the “ESD” area. Within this context, the aim was to read papers on the key ESD concept of “sustainable development”, using this to develop programs and units closer to “authentic practice”. The paper used was “Rethinking 'Sustainable Development' from the Environmental Controversies and thereafter on Shiwha and Saemangeum Tideland Reclamation in South Korea” (Asano et al, 2011). This paper forms part of a collaborative research project on the development of coastal zones in South Korea, in which the concept of “sustainable development” is critically examined. As the first stage, the structure of the paper was analyzed. This was followed by the second stage of showing an example of educational practice using this paper, and discussion of the use of the paper. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to read from the paper the learning that the concept of “sustainable development” is socially constructed. It was also possible to use the learning of geographers as constitutive principles in programs and units

La nature des pronoms est-elle universelle ?

L'auteur se propose d’examiner les remarques de Benveniste sur la personne à partir d'exemples coréens et japonais

Pressure drop evaluation based on two-phase flow observation in packed bed system

Two-phase pressure drop in the debris has been studied by many researchers concerning the debris cooling characteristics during a severe accident in a nuclear reactor. However, its flow regime transition of the two-phase flow in the debris has not been well understood, which strongly affects the interfacial drag and the pressure drop. Conventional models for gas-liquid two-phase flow pressure drop have not been established to evaluate interfacial drag accurately. In this study, high-speed imaging of a two-dimensional network model was performed to clarify the effect of flow patterns on interfacial drag and pressure drop. Usually, it would not be easy to visualize such two-phase flow behavior in a randomly packed bed due to the reflection/refraction of light and/or overlapping bubbles, even if the test section is made of transparent materials. Therefore, in this study, a test section, which simulates a two-dimensional network of porous structures, was fabricated to avoid overlapping bubbles. The two-phase flow pattern in the porous structure has been identified by high-speed imaging of the two-dimensional network model. The flow regime map based on the flow pattern visualization results is applied to the pressure drop evaluation and it could reduce the overestimation of experimental values. The experimental results suggested that the interfacial drag term should be modified in the gas-liquid two-phase flow pressure drop model

Disproportionation Reaction of HFO-1123 Refrigerant

In the field of refrigeration and air conditioning, the transition from using chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants to using hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants is in progress, driven by the need to prevent the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. Although HFC refrigerants are useful from the viewpoint of ozone layer protection, their high global warming potential (GWP) is a serious concern. Following the passing of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, UN member nations are now required to switch to low-GWP refrigerants, such as hydrofluoro-olefins (HFO), and natural refrigerants. HFO-1123 is a substance with a very low GWP and it is expected to become a new refrigerant in refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment. However, it is known that HFO-1123 may undergo a disproportionation reaction under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. This reaction is a self-decomposition reaction accompanied by severe pressure and temperature rises. Therefore, in order to put HFO-1123 into practical use, it is first necessary to develop technology to suppress the disproportionation reaction. The conditions that lead to a disproportionation reaction of HFO-1123 are influenced by the temperature and pressure of the reaction gas as well as by the initiating energy. It is also known that the disproportionation reaction of HFO-1123 can be suppressed by mixing other substances into the refrigerant. In this study, we investigate the effects of mixed substances of varying constituents and concentrations on the suppression of disproportionation reactions at various temperatures and pressures. Using a metallic pressure vessel having a volume of 0.65 L, energy is inputted into pure HFO-1123 by melting molybdenum thin wire with electricity as well as into a mixture containing HFO-1123 and other substances under various temperature and pressure conditions. The changes in pressure and temperature are then measured. Based on the obtained experimental data, the effects of the mixed substances on the reaction are evaluated. Then, a model to estimate the chance of disproportionation reactions of HFO-1123 is proposed. The validity of the model is examined using the experimental results

Characteristics of Re-gripping Techniques Preceding Scored Throws in International-level Judo Competition

Significant changes in kumite tactics were verified after the 2013 International Judo Federation rule revision, which mandated that competitors initiate sparring immediately at match outset. The research contained in this paper focused on the re-gripping techniques which were affected by this rule revision, relating to the gripping targets, the use of cross gripping techniques, body rotation when executing throws, and the attacking patterns. In total, 372 men’s contests from the Judo Grand Slam Paris 2016 were analyzed using All Japan Judo Federation Science and Research Department SMART Edge system. Throws resulting in scores were identified and the preceding kumite tactics were analyzed. Re-gripping techniques resulted in significantly higher score rates than the no re-gripping techniques when competitors grabbed the place of the competition number, and the place(s) other than the collar and sleeve with at least one hand except the place of the competition number. Re-gripping the opponent and targeting the place of the competition number might facilitate scoring. Using the re-gripping techniques could make a variety of gripping targets effective to score. We emphasize the importance of classifying kumite techniques into two major patterns: re-gripping and no re-gripping techniques when coaching competitors for kumite tactics

Preparation of Polyrotaxane Fibers. Part II: Tensile Properties of Polyrotaxane Fibers Treated with Two Cross-linking Reagents

Polyrotaxane fibers prepared with wet spinning of polyrotaxane consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) and cyclodextrins were cross-linked with two different cross-linking reagents, i.e., divinyl sulfone (DVS) and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE), to improve the tensile properties of the fibers. By cross-linking with DVS, the values for the tenacity at break and the initial modulus were increased with cross-linking time, while the elongation at break was improved only moderately. On the other hand, drastic improvements in elongation at break were observed after EGDE cross-linking, up to 645% of its original length, although the tenacity at break and the initial modulus showed only slight improvements. After cross-linking, only minor changes in the degree of crystallinity of the fibers were observed by wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements.ArticleTEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL. 80(12):1131-1137 (2010)journal articl

Influence of patient characteristics on duration of seclusion/restrain in acute psychiatric settings in Japan

Peer reviewe

Versatile Multilinked Aerial Robot with Tilting Propellers: Design, Modeling, Control and State Estimation for Autonomous Flight and Manipulation

Multilinked aerial robot is one of the state-of-the-art works in aerial robotics, which demonstrates the deformability benefiting both maneuvering and manipulation. However, the performance in outdoor physical world has not yet been evaluated because of the weakness in the controllability and the lack of the state estimation for autonomous flight. Thus we adopt tilting propellers to enhance the controllability. The related design, modeling and control method are developed in this work to enable the stable hovering and deformation. Furthermore, the state estimation which involves the time synchronization between sensors and the multilinked kinematics is also presented in this work to enable the fully autonomous flight in the outdoor environment. Various autonomous outdoor experiments, including the fast maneuvering for interception with target, object grasping for delivery, and blanket manipulation for firefighting are performed to evaluate the feasibility and versatility of the proposed robot platform. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study for the multilinked aerial robot to achieve the fully autonomous flight and the manipulation task in outdoor environment. We also applied our platform in all challenges of the 2020 Mohammed Bin Zayed International Robotics Competition, and ranked third place in Challenge 1 and sixth place in Challenge 3 internationally, demonstrating the reliable flight performance in the fields