High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in an infant with cystic fibrosis and bronchiolitis

SummaryInfants with cystic fibrosis (CF) may develop severe respiratory compromise related to viral lower respiratory tract infections due to impaired mucous clearance and plugging of small airways. Consequently air trapping may lead to lung hyperinflation, impaired gas exchange, and respiratory failure. We describe the case of an infant with newly diagnosed CF who developed severe hypercarbic respiratory failure in the setting of viral bronchiolitis successfully treated with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)

Estudos radiométricos sobre a oxidação de (U-14C) L-aminoácidos por micobactérias sensíveis e resistentes a drogas

A radiometric assay system has been used to study oxidation patterns of (U-14C) L-amino acids by drug-susceptible and drug-resistant mycobacteria. Drug-susceptible M. tuberculosis (H37Rv TMC 102 and Erdman) along with the drug-resistant organism M. tuberculosis (H37 Rv TMC 303), M. bovis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii and M. chelonei were used. The organisms were inoculated into a sterile reaction system with liquid 7H9 medium and one of the (U-14C) L-amino acids. Each organism displayed a different pattern of amino acid oxidation, but these patterns were not distinctive enough for identification of the organism. Complex amino acids such as proline, phenylalanine and tyrosine were of no use in identification of mycobacteria, since virtually all organisms failed to oxidize them. There was no combination of substrates able to separate susceptible from resistant organisms.Um sistema radiométrico foi utilizado para estudar os padrões de oxidação dos (U-14C) L-aminoácidos por micobactérias sensíveis e resis tentes a drogas. Foram usadas duas cepas do M. tuberculosis sensíveis a todas as drogas, H37Rv e Erdman. As micobactérias resistentes foram M. tuberculosis H37Rv resistente a 5 ug/ml de hidrazida, M. bovis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii e M. chelonei. As micobac térias foram inoculadas em frascos estéreis contendo o meio líquido 7H9 e um dos (U-14C) L-aminoácidos. Cada micobactéria apresentou um padrão de oxidação de aminoácidos, mas estes padrões não foram suficientemente diferentes para identificá-la. Aminoácidos complexos como a prolina, fenilalanina e tirosina não tiveram utilidade na identificação das micobactérias, pois praticamente todos os microorganismos foram incapazes de oxidá-los. Nenhuma combinação de aminoácidos foi capaz de separar as micobactérias sensíveis das resistentes a drogas

An Analysis of the Attitudes of College Students Concerning the War in Vietnam

Attitudes of a sampling of students at Morningside College was compared with results from a poll conducted by church magazines. A locally developed Hawk-Dove scale was designed and administered to the college sample and the results compared with certain personal and personality attributes. It was found that college seniors were much more critical of the war than college freshmen. The former were similar to attitudes of clergy while the latter were more similar to the attitudes of laymen. However, aggression scores on the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) were almost identical for freshmen and seniors. For dominance on the EPPS, seniors and veterans had almost identical scores. Veterans were more optimistic about the war than non-veterans. Students majoring in the humanities were less favorable to war than those majoring in the natural sciences. These are preliminary observations of small portions of a large mass of data

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 31, No. 3

• Jamison City • Domestic Architecture in Lancaster County • Conversation with Marguerite de Angeli • Who Put the Turnip on the Grave? • Pennsylfawnisch Deitsch un Pfalzer: Dialect Comparisons Old and New • John Philip Boehm: Pioneer Pennsylvania Pastor • The Search for our German Ancestors • Aldes un Neieshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/1095/thumbnail.jp

The Determining Risk of Vascular Events by Apnea Monitoring (DREAM) Study: Design, Rationale and Methods

Purpose The goal of the Determining Risk of Vascular Events by Apnea Monitoring (DREAM) study is to develop a prognostic model for cardiovascular outcomes, based on physiologic variables—related to breathing, sleep architecture, and oxygenation—measured during polysomnography in US veterans. Methods The DREAM study is a multi-site, retrospective observational cohort study conducted at three Veterans Affairs (VA) centers (West Haven, CT; Indianapolis, IN; Cleveland, OH). Veterans undergoing polysomnography between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2004 were included based on referral for evaluation of sleep-disordered breathing, documented history and physical prior to sleep testing, and ≥2-h sleep monitoring. Demographic, anthropomorphic, medical, medication, and social history factors were recorded. Measures to determine sleep apnea, sleep architecture, and oxygenation were recorded from polysomnography. VA Patient Treatment File, VA–Medicare Data, Vista Computerized Patient Record System, and VA Vital Status File were reviewed on dates subsequent to polysomnography, ranging from 0.06 to 8.8 years (5.5 ± 1.3 years; mean ± SD). Results The study population includes 1840 predominantly male, middle-aged veterans. As designed, the main primary outcome is the composite endpoint of acute coronary syndrome, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or death. Secondary outcomes include incidents of neoplasm, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, diabetes, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Laboratory outcomes include measures of glycemic control, cholesterol, and kidney function. (Actual results are pending.) Conclusions This manuscript provides the rationale for the inclusion of veterans in a study to determine the association between physiologic sleep measures and cardiovascular outcomes and specifically the development of a corresponding outcome-based prognostic model

Experimental Investigation of Flow Condensation in Microgravity

Future manned missions to Mars are expected to greatly increase the space vehicle's size, weight, and heat dissipation requirements. An effective means to reducing both size and weight is to replace single-phase thermal management systems with two-phase counterparts that capitalize upon both latent and sensible heat of the coolant rather than sensible heat alone. This shift is expected to yield orders of magnitude enhancements in flow boiling and condensation heat transfer coefficients. A major challenge to this shift is a lack of reliable tools for accurate prediction of two-phase pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient in reduced gravity. Developing such tools will require a sophisticated experimental facility to enable investigators to perform both flow boiling and condensation experiments in microgravity in pursuit of reliable databases. This study will discuss the development of the Flow Boiling and Condensation Experiment (FBCE) for the International Space Station (ISS), which was initiated in 2012 in collaboration between Purdue University and NASA Glenn Research Center. This facility was recently tested in parabolic flight to acquire condensation data for FC-72 in microgravity, aided by high-speed video analysis of interfacial structure of the condensation film. The condensation is achieved by rejecting heat to a counter flow of water, and experiments were performed at different mass velocities of FC-72 and water and different FC-72 inlet qualities. It is shown that the film flow varies from smooth-laminar to wavy-laminar and ultimately turbulent with increasing FC-72 mass velocity. The heat transfer coefficient is highest near the inlet of the condensation tube, where the film is thinnest, and decreases monotonically along the tube, except for high FC-72 mass velocities, where the heat transfer coefficient is enhanced downstream. This enhancement is attributed to both turbulence and increased interfacial waviness. One-ge correlations are shown to predict the average condensation heat transfer coefficient with varying degrees of success, and a recent correlation is identified for its superior predictive capability, evidenced by a mean absolute error of 21.7%