Hierarchical Schr\"odinger Equations of Motion for Open Quantum Dynamics

We rigorously investigate the quantum non-Markovian dissipative dynamics of a system coupled to a harmonic oscillator bath by deriving hierarchical Schrodinger equations of motion (HSEOM) and studying their dynamics. The HSEOM are the equations for wave functions derived on the basis of the Feynman-Vernon influence functional formalism for the density operator, $\langle q|\rho(t)|q' \rangle$, where $\langle q|$ and $|q' \rangle$ are the left- and right-hand elements. The time evolution of $\langle q|$ is computed from time $0$ to $t$, and subsequently, the time evolution of $|q' \rangle$ is computed from time $t$ to $0$ along a contour in the complex time plane. By appropriately choosing functions for the bath correlation function and the spectral density, we can take advantage of an HSEOM method to carry out simulations without the need for a great amount of computational memory. As a demonstration, quantum annealing simulation for a ferromagnetic $p$-spin model is studied.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

Translation of Nakamura, Yoshitaka. 1937. Development of \u3ci\u3eTrichostrongylus instabilis\u3c/i\u3e, section II: The larva. \u3ci\u3eKeio Igaku\u3c/i\u3e, Tokyo 17(4): 797-814

Translation number 11, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States, March 23, 1964 (21 pages) Translation of Nakamura, Yoshitaka. 1937. Development of Trichostrongylus instabilis, section II: The larva. Keio Igaku, Tokyo 17(4): 797-814 Translation from Japanese to English by Guang-Tsan Wang, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States (notated sj) The presently accepted name for this species is Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Translator

Dynamic learning need reflection system for academic education and its applicability to intelligent agents

This paper suggests a new concept DLNR (Dynamic Learning Need Reflection) and its system practically used in the education at Japanese University. The effects, particularly on the learning of software agents, are analyzed. DLNR’s goal is to increase students' learning motivation through dynamically clarifying and reflecting their learning need. To achieve this goal, DLNR includes “prerequisite conditions”, “no compulsory subjects”, “payment for each learning subject”, and “GPA (Grade Point Average)” for estimating learning results. Using a tool developed for realizing DLNR, students design their learning need, namely their own graduation timeline by themselves to achieve their academic goal towards their job after graduation. Through taking classes, students dynamically modify the timeline reflectively according to the intermediate results such as shown by GPA. DLNR’s effects are evaluated. Particularly, DLNR was found applicable to the learning of software agents for intelligent system assistants, through incorporating more general tool such as Story board

Triafamone (AE 1887196) a new rice herbicide for Asia

Triafamone (approved ISO common name) is a new sulfonanilide herbicide discovered and developed by Bayer CropScience AG under the code number AE 1887196. Its mode of action is inhibition of the enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS). Field trials since 2007 have shown that triafamone can be effectively used in direct seeded or transplanted rice from seeding or transplanting to late post-emergence at rates of 20 to 50 g a.i./ha using spray or granular formulations. Target weeds are important grasses such as Echinochloa crus-galli, Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa oryzicola, Paspalum distichum, Isachne globosa, and sedges (including ALS resistant strains). The selective weed control spectrum is further extended in several co-formulation products being developed by Bayer CropScience AG. Environmental fate, ecotoxicology and toxicology studies indicate that triafamone has a favorable user, consumer and environmental profile. First registrations are expected in 2014.Keywords: ALS-inhibitor, Echinochloa spp., weed controlTriafamone (AE 1887196) ein neues Reis-Herbizid für AsienTriafamone (genehmigte ISO Bezeichnung) ist ein neues Herbizid aus der Gruppe der Sulfonanilide, welches von Bayer CropScience AG erstmals synthetisiert und mit dem Code AE 1887196 entwickelt wird. Die Wirkung basiert auf der Hemmung des Enzyms der Acetolactatsynthase (ALS). Seit 2007 durchgeführte Feldversuche zeigen, dass Triafamone sowohl in direkt gesätem als auch in gepflanztem Reis von der Aussaat bzw. von der Pflanzung bis zum späten Nachauflauf mit Aufwandmengen von 20 bis 50 g a.i./ha in Spritz- oder Granulatformulierungen eingesetzt werden kann. Zielunkräuter sind wichtige Ungräser wie Echinochloa crusgalli, Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa oryzicola, Paspalum distichum, Isachne globosa sowie Seggen (einschließlich ALS-resistenter Biotypen). Das selektiv bekämpfte Unkrautspektrum wird durch mehrere Co-Formulierungen erweitert, welche gegenwärtig von Bayer CropScience AG entwickelt werden. Die Ergebnisse von Umweltprüfungen und toxikologischen Studien belegen ein günstiges Profil von Triafamone für Anwender, Verbraucher und Umwelt. Erste Registrierungen werden für 2014 erwartet.Stichwörter: ALS-Hemmer, Echinochloa spp., Unkrautbekämpfun