Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) boundary layer flow of hybrid nanofluid over a moving plate with joule heating

The proficiency of hybrid nanoparticles in augmenting the heat transfer has fascinated many researchers to further analysing the working fluid. The present paper is focused on the MHD hybrid nanofluid flow with heat transfer on a moving plate with Joule heating. The combination of metal (Cu) and metal oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles with water (H2O) as the base fluid is used for the analysis. Similarity transformation reduces the complexity of the PDEs into a system of ODEs, which is then solved numerically using the function bvp4c from MATLAB for different values of the governing parameters. Two solutions are obtained when the plate is moved oppositely from the free stream flow. Analysis of flow stability unveils the first solution as the real physical solution, which is realizable in practice. From physical perspective, the real solution must be available for all cases of k which affirms the finding from stability analysis. An upsurge of suction’s strength and magnetic parameter enhances the heat transfer operation and extends the critical value kc. Meanwhile, there is no change on the critical value when the Eckert number is added. This study is important in determining the thermal behavior of Cu-Al2O3/H2O when the physical parameters like magnetic field and Joule heating are embedded. The results are new and original with many practical applications in the modern industry

Blasius flow over a permeable moving flat plate containing Cu-Al2O3 hybrid nanoparticles with viscous dissipation and radiative heat transfer

This study examines the Blasius flow with Cu-Al2O3 hybrid nanoparticles over a moving plate. Additionally, the effects of viscous dissipation and radiation are considered. Similarity transformation is employed to convert the respective model into similarity equations. The results are generated by using bvp4c in MATLAB. Findings reveal that two solutions are attained when both the free stream and the plate move in opposite directions. Moreover, the domains of the velocity ratio parameter are extended when suction is available. Besides, the upsurge of radiation and hybrid nanoparticles lead to the heat transfer enhancement. The rise in radiation heat energy incorporated in radiation parameter leads to the development of fluid temperature as well as the thermal boundary layer. Meanwhile, hybrid nanoparticles offer good thermal characteristics because of synergistic effects. However, the effects reduce with the rise in Eckert number. The first solution is stable and acceptable based on the temporal stability analysis. Furthermore, the critical/separation values of the physical parameters are also reported. With these findings, the optimized productivity will be achieved as well as the processes on certain products can be planned according to the desire output. This significant preliminary study provides future insight to the engineers and scientist on the real applications

Unsteady Squeezing Flow Of Cu-Al2O3/Water Hybrid Nanofluid In A Horizontal Channel With Magnetic Field

The proficiency of hybrid nanofluid from Cu-Al2O3/water formation as the heat transfer coolant is numerically analyzed using the powerful and user-friendly interface bvp4c in the Matlab software. For that purpose, the Cu-Al2O3/water nanofluid flow between two parallel plates is examined where the lower plate can be deformed while the upper plate moves towards/away from the lower plate. Other considerable factors are the wall mass suction/injection and the magnetic field that applied on the lower plate. The reduced ordinary (similarity) differential equations are solved using the bvp4c application. The validation of this novel model is conducted by comparing a few of numerical values for the reduced case of viscous fluid. The results imply the potency of this heat transfer fluid which can enhance the heat transfer performance for both upper and lower plates approximately by 7.10% and 4.11%, respectively. An increase of squeezing parameter deteriorates the heat transfer coefficient by 4.28% (upper) and 5.35% (lower), accordingly. The rise of suction strength inflates the heat transfer at the lower plate while the presence of the magnetic field shows a reverse resul

Thermally Stratified Flow Of Cu-Al2O3/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Past A Permeable Stretching/Shrinking Circular Cylinder

The present study emphasizes the thermally stratified hybrid nanofluid flow due to a permeable stretching/shrinking cylinder. Thermal buoyancy force is also taken into consideration to incorporate with the thermal stratification process. An improved hybrid nanofluid (dual nanoparticles) may offer a better heat transfer performance in many engineering applications. In the present work, the combination of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles with water as the working fluid is analytically modeled using the extended form of Tiwari and Das nanofluid model. A suitable transformation is adopted to simplify the boundary layer and energy equations into a nonlinear system of ODEs. A boundary value problem solver with fourth order accuracy (bvp4c) in the MATLAB software is utilized to solve the transformed system. The change in velocity and temperature as well as the heat transfer rate and skin friction coefficient are deliberated and graphically manifested for appropriate values of the dimensionless stretching/shrinking, nanoparticles volume fraction, and thermal stratification parameters. The presence of dual solutions is seen on all the profiles within the range of selected parameters

MHD Mixed Convective Stagnation Point Flow With Heat Generation Past A Shrinking Sheet

This paper investigates the in uence of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) mixed convective stagnation point flow over a shrinking sheet with the enhancement of heat generation/source. Using appropriate similarity transformations, the model are transformed into a system of nonlinear equations and then solved using bvp4c built-in-function in Matlab. Numerical results are presented graphically for the distributions of velocity, temperature as well as the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. The findings revealed the dual solutions obtained within a particular range of the mixed convection parameter and shrinking parameter. It is found that the fluid velocity increases with the increasing values of the magnetic and mixed convection parameter while opposite results obtained for the fluid temperature. A stability analysis was performed and it is proven that the first solution is physically realizable and stable whereas the second solution is unstable

Radiative hybrid ferrofluid flow over a permeable shrinking sheet in a three-dimensional system

Due to the significance of magnetic nanofluids in environmental and biomedical sectors, this study is designed to analyze the available solutions alongside with the flow and thermal behaviours of radiative hybrid ferrofluid flow in a three-dimensional system subjected to the shrinking surface. The case of Fe3O4-CoFe2O4/water is considered in this work. The initial procedure is conducted by reducing the complex model into a system of nonlinear differential equations using similarity transformation technique. The results are generated using the bvp4c package in the Matlab software and graphically presented. The existence of dual solutions leads to the treatment of stability analysis where the first solution is affirmed as the physical solution. Meanwhile, the impact of thermal radiation, magnetic field and suction are also observed for the distributions of thermal rate and skin friction coefficients. These distributions boost with the imposition of magnetic field and suction while a deterioration in thermal rate is observed with the rise of thermal radiation

Eyring-powell hybrid nanofluid with radiative heat flux: Case over a shrinking sheet

This study investigates the radiative heat flux effect on Eyring-Powell hybrid nanofluid together with analysis thermal passing towards a shrinking sheet containing nanoparticles. The proposed mathematical model respected to the boundary condition is converted to the similarity equations by adopting the suitable transformations. In order to reduce the complexity of model, the similarity equations are then computed by applying the bvp4c function in MATLAB software. Outcomes reveal the thermal performance is upgraded in dispersing the nanoparticle to the base fluid, and it is marked under hybrid nanoparticles consideration. The presence of Eyring-Powell, radiation and shrinking parameters are the controller parameter in regulatory the sheer stress and thermal performance of the fluid. Ag − MgO

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Flow And Heat Transfer Of A Doubly Stratified Nanofluid Using Cattaneo-Christov Model

The present study utilized Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model for solving nanofluid flow and heat transfer towards a vertical stretching sheet with the presence of magnetic field and double stratification. Thermal and solutal buoyancy forces are also examined to deal with the double stratification effects. Buongiorno’s model of nanofluid is used to incorporate the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The boundary layer with non-Fourier energy equations are reduced into a system of nonlinear ordinary (similarity) differential equations using suitable transformations and then numerically solved using bvp4c solver in MATLAB software. The local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers of few limited cases are tabulated and compared with the earlier published works. It showed that a positive agreement was found with the previous study and thus, validated the present method. Numerical solutions are graphically demonstrated for several parameters namely magnetic, thermal relaxation, stratifications (thermal and solutal), thermophoresis and Brownian motion on the velocity, temperature and nanoparticles volume fraction profiles. An upsurge of the heat transfer rate was observed with the imposition of the thermal relaxation parameter (Cattaneo-Christov model) whereas the accretion of thermal and solutal stratification parameters reduced the temperature and nanoparticles concentration profiles, respectively

Mixed Convective Stagnation Point Flow Of A Thermally Stratified Hybrid CU-AL2O3/Water Nanofluid Over A Permeable Stretching/Shrinking Sheet

The study scrutinizes the coupled effects of thermal stratification and mixed convection on boundary layer flow and heat transfer of a hybrid Cu-Al2O3/water nanofluid. Stretching/shrinking surface is permeable to allow the wall fluid suction while thermal convection is also included to deal with the thermal stratification phenomenon. In the present work, the combination of copper (Cu) nanoparticles and Al2O3/water nanofluid is modelled using the analytical hybrid nanofluid model. A similarity transformation is adopted to reduce the governing model into a set of ordinary (similarity) differential equations. The efficient boundary value problem with fourth order accuracy (bvp4c) solver in MATLAB software is utilized to solve the transformed model. An astonishing result is obtained where the heat transfer rate of hybrid nanofluid intensifies when small suction parameter is imposed on the stretching/shrinking sheet while a contrary result is obtained when higher value of suction is applied. Suction and opposing buoyancy parameters are among the control parameters that induce the existence of second solution. Stability analysis affirms that the first solution is mathematically stable. The present results are conclusive to the combination of alumina and copper nanoparticles only and other combination of nanoparticles may produce different flow and heat transfer characteristics

Magnetic dipole effects on radiative flow of hybrid nanofluid past a shrinking sheet

The boundary layer flows exhibit symmetrical characteristics. In such cases, the flow patterns and variables are symmetrical with respect to a particular axis or plane. This symmetry simplifies the analysis and enables the use of symmetry-based boundary conditions or simplifications in mathematical models. Therefore, by using these concepts, the governing equations of the radiative flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a stretched and shrunken surface with the effect of a magnetic dipole are examined in this paper. Here, we consider copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) as hybrid nanoparticles and use water as a base fluid. The heat transfer rate is enhanced in the presence of hybrid nanoparticles. It is observed that the heat transfer rate is increased by 10.92% for the nanofluid, while it has a 15.13% increment for the hybrid nanofluid compared to the base fluid. Also, the results reveal that the non-uniqueness of the solutions exists for a certain suction and shrinking strength. Additionally, the ferrohydrodynamic interaction has the tendency to reduce the skin friction and the heat transfer coefficients for both solution branches. For the upper branch solutions, the heat transfer rate increased over a stretching sheet but decreased for the shrinking sheet in the presence of the radiation. It is confirmed by the temporal stability analysis that one of the solutions is stable and acceptable as time evolves