QUALITY CONTROL EVALUATION OF IN HOUSE PREPARED POLYHERBAL AYURVEDIC FORMULATION SAPTAVIMSATIKA GUGGLU

Introduction: Plants and their constituent are having potential of treating any human suffering in form of disease. Various combination of plant extract is used as a remedy for treating these disorders. However the usage and dose of these extract which are in random and unspecified is a big challenge for acceptance as a medicine till not get standardized. The most important Ayurvedic drugs i.e. Saptavimsatika   guggulu  had been selected from Ayurvedic famous books named API Ayurvedic Monographs for Phytochemical and Physicochemical study. This Ayurvedic drugs is mainly and commonly used in the treatment of heart, skin and stomach related disease. Drug preparation was done during an event organized by our University under theme Rx-Thon. Methods: Physico and Phytochemical study both had been done in the labs of  School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University. Values like Exractive value, Ash value, Mosture content, pH values, True density, bulk density, angle of repose, carr's index, hausner's ratio, Florescence analysis, TLC was covered in the study Result: Phytochemical study revealed that reducing sugars, tannin, phenolic compounds, saponin glycosides, and gum were present in the sample. Various physico-chemical parameter had been studied in the standardization procedures. The extractive, ash values, florescence analysis was done and was compared to reference standard. Conclusion: The physicochemical standardization of polyherbal formulation Saptavimsatika guggulu was carried out. The individual ingredients of the  formulation were authenticated and standardized as per WHO guidelines and Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The in-house formulation was prepared and studied for various physicochemical properties. Although no marketed sample is available hence a porbability is made under standard evaluation parameter to launch this product in market for sale

Management of purple blotch and Stemphylium blight of onion in Tarai and Bhabar regions of Uttarakhand, India

Purple blotch [Alternaria porri] (Ellis) Cif.) and Stemphylium blight [Stemphylium vesicarium] (Wallr.) E. Simmons) of onion cause serious problems in onion seed crop in Tarai and Bhabar region of Uttarakhand. In present study different bio agents and fungicides have been evaluated in vivo against both the diseases. The severity of both purple blotch and Stemphylium blight varied in both Tarai and Bhabar region and even more pronounced in Tarai region than in Bhabar region. A correlation was observed in between the severity of both the diseases with the yield in seed crop. The minimum disease severity of purple blotch and stemphylium blight with the foliar spray of mancozeb (@ 0.3%) + monochrotophos (@ 0.05%) were observed 2.67% and 2.57% respectively with the total yield of seed was1844.44 kg/ha over check 893.33 kg/ha in 2011. While with the foliar spray of neembicidine (@ 0.3%) disease severity of both the diseases were 5.57% and 4.78% respectively providing a yield of 1827.78kg/ha in seed crop of onion in 2011. Amongst the applied bio-agents, the foliar spray of Trichoderma harzianum (@ 1%) the disease severity of purple blotch and stemphylium blight were recorded 15.44% and 13.11% respectively which was found to be most effective in delaying the disease appearance and providing a yield of 1134.44kg/ha in 2011. However, all the treatments helped to reduce both the diseases in comparison with check

STANDARDIZATION OF IN HOUSE PREPARED AN IMMUNOBOOSTER POLYHERBAL FORMULATION

Immunobooster Polyherbal Formulation is an Ayurvedic formulation with all the ingredient used to boost the immune system. In the present study the standardization parameter for a poly-herbal formulation Immunobooster Polyherbal Formulation is validated using marketed as well as inhouse formulation. The parameter for standardization are organoleptic character, loss on drying, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, carr’s index, husner’s ratio, florescence analysis, powder microscopy, Phytochemical screening, ash values, extractive values etc were evaluated during the study on both formulation. The set parameters were found to be sufficient to standardize the Immunobooster Polyherbal Formulation and can be used as reference standards for the quality control/ quality assurance study mostly on plant drugs for their primary health care needs

Detecting Packet Droppers and Modifiers in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless networks are widely used because these are very easy to install. However, there are various security issues and problems while deploying it. Two most important issues are Packet modification and dropping. These are the common attacks that can be generated by an attacker to disrupt communication in wireless sensor networks. Many schemes have been proposed to reduce or tolerate such attacks but very few can effectively and efficiently identify the intruders. This paper proposed a simple and an effective scheme, which can identify misbehaving nodes that drop or modify packets. Heuristic ranking algorithm is been used to identify the bad nodes. The alert message will be forwarded to all the users in the network if any misbehaving action occurred, so that no message will reach the misbehaved node and the node will be blocked

Geochemistry and geodynamic setting of Paleoproterozoic granites of Lesser Garhwal Himalaya, India

The granite and gneisses rocks are well exposed around Toneta, Tilwara and Chirbatiyakhal region in the Lesser Garhwal Himalaya have less studied which consider as Paleoproterozoic age. The granites from Toneta area are classified as K-rich peraluminous granite with low Na2O varies from 0.85 to 2.4 wt.% and high K2O content varies from 5.0 to 6.9 wt.%. The average Al2O3 (14.16 wt.%) in the granite is greater than the total alkalies (Na2O+K2O = Av. 7.62 wt.%), the Titania (TiO2) content is low ranging from 0.1 to 0.28 wt. %. In the Y + Nb – Rb, Y – Nb, Ta + Yb – Rb, and Yb – Ta discrimination diagram of Pearce et al. (1984) show that the Toneta granites mostly plots within the syn-collision granite fields. This is typical collisional granite

Teachers’ Perspectives in Higher Education on Using Educational Technology During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observations for Ghana, India, and Serbia

Objective: The purpose of this research was to understand the significant changes and challenges regarding teaching experiences during the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis in three universities, one each in Africa, Asia, and Europe. The study provides information on how teachers adapted to online teaching under COVID-19 conditions. Methods: We employed a descriptive phenomenology approach and used an online survey with open-ended questions to collect the data. Braun and Clarke’s six steps of thematic analysis based on the traditions of descriptive phenomenology were employed to analyze the data. Results: The teachers’ adaptive mechanisms to the COVID-19 crisis could be described through the following steps: identifying the teaching challenges, developing awareness of personal learning challenges, initiating the process of learning by doing, and recognizing the lessons learned. Conclusions: A global teacher’s network could be established to encourage professionals from different fields of education to build conventional wisdom in the awareness of the need to constantly try out new strategies with cutting-edge technologies. Implication for Practice: The results provide evidence of ways that future reactions by higher education to global crises can be anticipated. Further, the research provides an understanding of teachers’ adaptation strategies during the COVID-19 crisis. Complementary studies show that institutions should be prepared in terms of both material and human resources for emergency remote teaching(ERT), and students should also be prepared mentally and materially for such unprecedented online teaching delivery and learning. Findings of the present study point to the benefit of faculty using communities of practice as an environment for learning and adapting to emergency situations

STANDARDIZATION OF IN HOUSE PREPARED POLYHERBAL FORMULATION RAJA PRAVARTINI CHURNA

The present study is to set up and check the standardization parameter for a poly-herbal formulation Raja Pravartini Churna. The marketed formulation and in house prepared formulation with same formula is taken for study. The parameter for standardization are organoleptic character, loss on drying, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, carr’s index, husner’s ratio, florescence analysis, powder microscopy, Phytochemical screening, ash values, extractive values etc were evaluated during the study on both formulation.  The set parameters were found to be sufficient to standardize the Raja Pravartini Churna and can be used as reference standards for the quality control/ quality assurance study mostly on plant drugs for their primary health care needs.

Candidate Vaccines and Therapeutics against Monkeypox Infection

While human beings are still facing the challenges of the pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a new viral disease, monkeypox raises concerns among healthcare authorities about this new threat. Since May 2022, thousands of people have been affected by a continuous monkeypox outbreak linked to close contact transmission in numbers of nonendemic nations. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not yet approved any medications to treat monkeypox in humans. However, medications created for smallpox patients, such as antivirals and other medical countermeasures, might also be effective against monkeypox. Tecovirimat (TPOXX), brincidofovir, cidofovir antivirals and Vaccinia Immune Globulin Intravenous (VIGIV) are the medical countermeasures for the treatment of monkeypox. The second and third generations of smallpox vaccinations have been developed after many years of research. Some of these vaccines may also be beneficial for monkeypox. Three vaccinations, MVA-BN, LC16, or ACAM2000 can be used for monkeypox. Two of these (MVA-BN and LC16) have received approval for the purpose of preventing monkeypox. Considering the current vaccine shortage, widespread immunisation is not advised. Therefore, prevention is the best policy to keep everyone safe. The current review highlights the treatment available for the management of monkeypox. It also reviewed the preventive measures that human beings should take to protect themselves from monkeypox infection

Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater in Neyveli Basin, Cuddalore District, South India

In the light of progressive depletion of groundwater reservoir and water quality deterioration of the Neyveli basin, an investigation on dissolved major constituents in 25 groundwater samples was performed. The main objective was detection of processes for the geochemical assessment throughout the area. Neyveli aquifer is intensively inhabited during the last decenniums, leading to expansion of the residential and agricultural area. Besides semi-aridity, rapid social and economic development stimulates greater demand for water, which is gradually fulfilled by groundwater extraction. Groundwaters of the study area are characterized by the dominance of Na + K over Ca + Mg.HCO3 was found to be the dominant anion followed by Cl and SO4. High positive correlation was obtained among the following ions: Ca–Mg, Cl–Ca,Mg, Na–K, HCO3–H4SiO4, and F–K. The hydrochemical types in the area can be divided into two major groups: the first group includes mixed Ca–Mg–Cl and Ca–Cl types. The second group comprises mixed Ca–Na–HCO3 and Ca–HCO3 types. Most of the groundwater samples are within the permissible limit of WHO standard. Interpretation of data suggests that weathering, ion exchange reactions, and evaporation to some extent are the dominant factors that determine the major ionic composition in the study area