Pre- and Post-WTO Changes in Oilseed Economy of Karnataka: A Case of Groundnut

The growth in exports, economics of production and global competitiveness of groundnut has been reported over the period of 20 years (1984-85 to 2004-05) in Karnataka by collecting data from various published sources. Techniques used for the analysis are growth functions, tabular function, nominal protection coefficient and domestic resource cost. The analysis of export trends of groundnut from 1985-86 to 2004-05 has shown that quantity of groundnut export has grown annually at a compound growth rate of 9.52 per cent, whereas the value of groundnut exported has grown at a much higher rate of 13.13 per cent. Structural changes in costs are due to changes in quantity and quality of inputs associated with the technological process and also due to their prices. Groundnut has shown competitive disadvantage during the pre-WTO period, as values of NPC and DRC are more than one. But, during the post-WTO period, the competitiveness has increased as is evident from the NPC and DRC values which turned out be less than one. The study has suggested to exploit the competitiveness of Karnataka in groundnut and other oilseed crops.International Relations/Trade,

Physics with the KLOE-2 experiment at the upgraded DAϕ\phiNE

Investigation at a $\phi$--factory can shed light on several debated issues in particle physics. We discuss: i) recent theoretical development and experimental progress in kaon physics relevant for the Standard Model tests in the flavor sector, ii) the sensitivity we can reach in probing CPT and Quantum Mechanics from time evolution of entangled kaon states, iii) the interest for improving on the present measurements of non-leptonic and radiative decays of kaons and eta/eta$^\prime$ mesons, iv) the contribution to understand the nature of light scalar mesons, and v) the opportunity to search for narrow di-lepton resonances suggested by recent models proposing a hidden dark-matter sector. We also report on the $e^+ e^-$ physics in the continuum with the measurements of (multi)hadronic cross sections and the study of gamma gamma processes.Comment: 60 pages, 41 figures; added affiliation for one of the authors; added reference to section

Pre- and Post-WTO Changes in Oilseed Economy of Karnataka: A Case of Groundnut

The growth in exports, economics of production and global competitiveness of groundnut has been reported over the period of 20 years (1984-85 to 2004-05) in Karnataka by collecting data from various published sources. Techniques used for the analysis are growth functions, tabular function, nominal protection coefficient and domestic resource cost. The analysis of export trends of groundnut from 1985-86 to 2004-05 has shown that quantity of groundnut export has grown annually at a compound growth rate of 9.52 per cent, whereas the value of groundnut exported has grown at a much higher rate of 13.13 per cent. Structural changes in costs are due to changes in quantity and quality of inputs associated with the technological process and also due to their prices. Groundnut has shown competitive disadvantage during the pre-WTO period, as values of NPC and DRC are more than one. But, during the post-WTO period, the competitiveness has increased as is evident from the NPC and DRC values which turned out be less than one. The study has suggested to exploit the competitiveness of Karnataka in groundnut and other oilseed crops

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Influência da época de corte sobre o teor de açúcares de colmos de sorgo sacarino Relationship between harvest date and sugar content of sweet sorghum stalks

Cultivares de sorgo sacarino (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) com alta capacidade energética têm sido desenvolvidas, com a dupla finalidade de produção de grãos e de colmos com elevado teor de açúcares. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a relação entre época de corte e o rendimento em biomassa verde de colmos com alto teor de açúcares. Os experimentos foram conduzidos nos anos agrícolas de 1984/85, 1985/1986 e 1986/87 com a cultivar BR 505, para avaliar sua eficiência energética. Rendimentos altos em biomassa verde e elevados teores de açúcares nos colmos foram obtidos quando a planta atingiu o estágio de maturidade fisiológica. Os teores de açúcares totais e de sacarose na planta aumentaram, continuamente, desde a época de emergência das inflorescências até atingir o estágio de maturidade fisiológica, ao contrário do nível de açúcares redutores. Nos anos agrícolas 1984/85 e 1985/86 o rendimento em massa verde foi de 38,9 e 52,0 t/ha, respectivamente. Já no ano agrícola 1986/87, com o plantio tardio e com a eliminação da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura, enquanto o rendimento da biomassa e o teor de açúcares dos colmos reduziram consideravelmente, a produção de grãos não foi afetada de maneira significativa.<br>High energy sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivars have been recently developed for grain and biomass production. Whole plant utilization is the target of this concept. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between the harvest date and biomass yield. Experimental trials were conducted with the cultivar BR 505 in the years 1984/85, 1985/86 and 1986/87 to determine its performance as a high energy crop. High biomass and sugar yields were obtained at the physiological maturity stage of the plants. Sucrose and total sugars of the plant increased continually from the visible spikelet stage to the physiological maturity. However, reducing sugar level showed a fall over the same period. In the years 1984/85 and 1985/86 the total biomass yield was 38.9 and 52.0 t/ha respectively. Late sowing date which occurred in the year 1986/87 and the elimination of the supplementary N fertilization reduced significantly the biomass yield as well as the sugar level in the stalks. Grain production of the complementary N fertilization was not affected significantly