Estudo de crianças com febre de 36 meses de idade ou menos atendidas em emergência pediátrica.

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Curso de Medicina. Departamento de Pediatria

A study of the effects of exercise on the urinary metabolome using normalisation to individual metabolic output

Aerobic exercise, in spite of its multi-organ benefit and potent effect on the metabolome, has yet to be investigated comprehensively via an untargeted metabolomics technology. We conducted an exploratory untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry study to investigate the effects of a one-h aerobic exercise session in the urine of three physically active males. Individual urine samples were collected over a 37-h protocol (two pre-exercise and eight post-exercise). Raw data were subjected to a variety of normalization techniques, with the most effective measure dividing each metabolite by the sum response of that metabolite for each individual across the 37-h protocol expressed as a percentage. This allowed the metabolite responses to be plotted on a normalised scale. Our results highlight significant metabolites located in the following systems: purine pathway, tryptophan metabolism, carnitine metabolism, cortisol metabolism, androgen metabolism, amino acid oxidation, as well as metabolites from the gastrointestinal microbiome. Many of the significant changes observed in our pilot investigation mirror previous research studies, of various methodological designs, published within the last 15 years, although they have never been reported at the same time in a single study

El cooperativismo de ayuda mutua en el Uruguay: una alternativa popular y autogestionaria de solución al problema de la vivienda

This work attempts to describe the characteristics of the system of building houses by Mutual Assistance Cooperatives, which was introduced in Uruguay in 1968. Its advantages are analyzed with respect to other systems in countries with a capitalist economy, dependent in economic and urban aspects on adapting to the needs of those it is designed for and, in particular, with reference to the profound social and community meaning contained in these experiments. This aspect, which reaffirms values of solidarity deeply-rooted in the sectors of society organized into Cooperatives, subsequently leads the groups to also face colectively other social problems they come up against, which arise from the conditions of under-development and dependence pertaining to Latin American countries: in short, the substantive feature of this type of experience, more than its unquestionable validity, is rather the idea of housing cooperativism as a solution to the habitation problem.El presente trabajo procura describir las características del sistema de construcción de viviendas por Cooperativas de Ayuda Mutua, implantado en el Uruguay, en 1968. Se analizan sus ventajas respecto de otros sistemas en países de economía capitalista dependiente en aspectos económicos, urbanísticos, en la adaptación a las necesidades de los destinatarios y, sobre todo, en lo referente al profundo sentido social y comunitario que estas experiencias contienen. Este aspecto, que reafirma valores solidarios arraigados en los sectores populares organizados en las Cooperativas, conduce posteriormente a los grupos a encarar, también colectivamente, otros problemas sociales que ellos enfrentan, emergentes de las condiciones de subdesarrollo y dependencia de los países latinoamericanos; éste es, en definitiva, más allá de la indiscutible validez, el cooperativismo de vivienda como solución a la problemática habitacional, el rasgo sustantivo de este tipo de experiencias

A detailed binding free energy study of 2 : 1 ligand–DNA complex formation by experiment and simulation

In 2004, we used NMR to solve the structure of the minor groove binder thiazotropsin A bound in a 2 : 1 complex to the DNA duplex, d(CGACTAGTCG)2. In this current work, we have combined theory and experiment to confirm the binding thermodynamics of this system. Molecular dynamics simulations that use polarizable or non-polarizable force fields with single and separate trajectory approaches have been used to explore complexation at the molecular level. We have shown that the binding process invokes large conformational changes in both the receptor and ligand, which is reflected by large adaptation energies. This is compensated for by the net binding free energy, which is enthalpy driven and entropically opposed. Such a conformational change upon binding directly impacts on how the process must be simulated in order to yield accurate results. Our MM-PBSA binding calculations from snapshots obtained from MD simulations of the polarizable force field using separate trajectories yield an absolute binding free energy (-15.4 kcal mol-1) very close to that determined by isothermal titration calorimetry (-10.2 kcal mol-1). Analysis of the major energy components reveals that favorable non-bonded van der Waals and electrostatic interactions contribute predominantly to the enthalpy term, whilst the unfavorable entropy appears to be driven by stabilization of the complex and the associated loss of conformational freedom. Our results have led to a deeper understanding of the nature of side-by-side minor groove ligand binding, which has significant implications for structure-based ligand development

Conversions of debt among the Yawanawa: an analytical model of the cultural, social and political grounds of exchange

 Este texto procura demonstrar que a noção de conversões da dívida é útil para revelar os enredamentos do dinheiro, das mercadorias e das transações mercantis em uma teia de obrigações políticas, culturais e sociais. Para tanto, mobiliza material coletado durante trabalho de campo para analisar dois pares de conversão da dívida em que circulam bens e dinheiro entre os Yawanawá, uma população nativa do sudoeste amazônico. Nessas conversões, dívidas oriundas de relações políticas, assim como serviços relacionados com rituais e curas, geram prestações sob a forma de dinheiro, bens e serviços. Analisando as conversões da dívida entre os Yawanawá, o texto demonstra que dinheiro e bens são domesticados, colocados a serviço de obrigações políticas, culturais e sociais e não corroem princípios da sociabilidade ou da reprodução cultural, ainda quehaja um constante esforço para manter a orientação dessas transações em objetivos comunitários.This text proposes the notion of conversions of debt and aims to show its analytical usefulness on revealing the entanglements of money, commodities and market transactions with a web of political, cultural and social obligations. In order to do so, it deploys material collected during fieldwork to analyze two pairs of conversions of debt in which goods and money circulate among the Yawanawa, a native population from southwestern Amazon. In such conversions, debts generated by political relations, as well as ritual and cure services, generate prestations in the form of money, goods and services. Analyzing conversions of debt among the Yawanawa, the text demonstrates that money and goods are domesticated, serving political, cultural and social obligations, and do not corrode principles of sociability or cultural reproduction of the Yawanawa, despite the constant effort to keep these transactions subordinated to community goals

La purification ethnique et les viols systématiques. Ex-Yougoslavie 1991-1995

En décembre 1992, les trois quarts de la Bosnie, ainsi qu’un tiers de la Croatie avaient été et continuaient d’être purifiés ethniquement, c’est à dire que les communautés définies comme non serbes (à Vukovar il y avait plus d’une vingtaine de communautés différentes, appartenant à des sous-groupes religieux ou nationaux spécifiques) étaient en partie chassées, soit en partie massacrées, soit déportées dans des camps de détention dénoncés par la presse américaine en août 92 : ce systéme conce..

Bcl-3 deficiency protects against dextran-sodium sulphate-induced colitis in the mouse

Bcl-3 is a member of the IκB family of proteins and is an essential negative regulator of Toll-like receptor induced responses. Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism associated with reduced Bcl-3 gene expression has been identified as a potential risk factor for Crohn's disease. Here we report that in contrast to the predictions of SNP analysis, patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis demonstrate elevated Bcl-3 mRNA expression relative to healthy individuals. To further explore the potential role of Bcl-3 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) we used the dextran-sodium sulphate (DSS) induced model of colitis in Bcl-3(-/-) mice. We found that Bcl-3(-/-) mice were less sensitive to DSS-induced colitis compared to wild type controls and demonstrated no significant weight loss following treatment. Histological analysis revealed similar levels of oedema and leukocyte infiltration between DSS treated wild type and Bcl-3(-/-) mice but showed that Bcl-3(-/-) mice retained colonic tissue architecture which was absent in wild type mice following DSS treatment. Analysis of the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 revealed no significant differences between DSS-treated Bcl-3(-/-) and wild type mice. Analysis of intestinal epithelial cell proliferation revealed enhanced proliferation in Bcl-3(-/-) mice which correlated with preserved tissue architecture. Our results reveal that Bcl-3 has an important role in regulating intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and sensitivity to DSS induced colitis which is distinct from its role as a negative regulator of inflammation