Liquid culture for isolating microorganisms with potential to degrade methyl parathion from agricultural soils and organic waste.

The search for microorganisms with high capacity for pesticide degradation is a very interesting attempt to approach bioremediation strategies in order to prevent contamination. This study evaluates the potential of agricultural soils and solid organic waste cultures microbial isolation as a strategy for screening microorganisms with potential for Methyl parathion (MP) degradation. For the study, microbial consortia were recovered from the liquid fraction of suspension cultures of agricultural soils and solid organic waste. Then, the MP degradation ability and its toxic effect on microbial activity were determined during microbial incubations under laboratory controlled conditions. The results showed that it is not possible to recover the active microorganisms that have potential to degrade the MP from the agricultural soils. However, an active consortium that would degrade both MP and its degradation products was isolated from the organic solid waste

Liquid culture for isolating microorganisms with potential to degrade methyl parathion from agricultural soils and organic waste.

The search for microorganisms with high capacity for pesticide degradation is a very interesting attempt to approach bioremediation strategies in order to prevent contamination. This study evaluates the potential of agricultural soils and solid organic waste cultures microbial isolation as a strategy for screening microorganisms with potential for Methyl parathion (MP) degradation. For the study, microbial consortia were recovered from the liquid fraction of suspension cultures of agricultural soils and solid organic waste. Then, the MP degradation ability and its toxic effect on microbial activity were determined during microbial incubations under laboratory controlled conditions. The results showed that it is not possible to recover the active microorganisms that have potential to degrade the MP from the agricultural soils. However, an active consortium that would degrade both MP and its degradation products was isolated from the organic solid waste

EFECTO DE LA CONCENTRACIÓN DEL METIL PARATIÓN Y EL EXTRACTO DE LEVADURA COMO FACTORES DE SELECCIÓN DE MICROORGANISMOS DEGRADADORES DEL PESTICIDA A PARTIR DE SUELOS CONTAMINADOS Effect of Methyl Parathion Concentration and Yeast Extract as Factors for Selecting Pesticide Degrading Microorganisms from Polluted Soils

El aislamiento y cultivo de microorganismos con capacidades para degradar los contaminantes ambientales es importante para implementar planes de biorremediación. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto del extracto de levadura tanto en la capacidad de asimilación microbiana del pesticida organofosforado metil paratión, como en los procesos de aislamiento de microorganismos útiles para de degradar este pesticida. Los microorganismos evaluados fueron obtenidos de suelo fresco fumigado históricamente con este pesticida. Los ensayos se efectuaron con medios sólidos definidos enriquecidos con metil paratión (0-60 mg L-1) y extracto de levadura (0-0.5 g L -1). Se encontró que los microorganismos fueron capaces de asimilar hasta 5 mg L -1 del metil paratión en ausencia de extracto de levadura sin evidenciar efectos tóxicos. La capacidad de asimilación aumentó a 10 mg L-1 en los cultivos enriquecidos con 0.5 g L-1 de extracto de levadura. El extracto de levadura en las dosis usadas no afectó el aislamiento de microorganismos. Sin embargo, el aislamiento por siembra directa en medios enriquecidos con metil paratión como única fuente de carbono se dificultó por el aporte de la materia orgánica del suelo que permitió el crecimiento de cepas tolerantes sin capacidad para degradar el pesticida.Isolation and culture of microorganisms with capacity to degrade environmental pollutants are important for implementing bioremediation plans. This study is an evaluation of the yeast extract effect on both the microbial capacity to assimilate the organo-phosphorous pesticide methyl parathion and the isolation processes of microorganisms useful for degrading this pesticide. Microorganisms evaluated were obtained from fresh soil historically fumigate with this pesticide. Trials were conducted with defined solid means enriched with methyl parathion (0-60 mg L-1) and yeast extract (0-0.5 g L-1). It was found that microorganisms were able to assimilate up to 5 mg L-1 methyl parathion with no yeast extract, without evidence of toxic effects. Assimilation capacity increased 10 mg L-1 in cultures enriched with 0.5 mg L-1 yeast extract. Yeast extract in doses used did not affect the isolation of microorganisms. However, isolation through direct culture in means enriched with methyl parathion as the only source of carbon was difficult due to the addition of organic matter of soil, which allowed the growth of resistant strains with no pesticide degrading capacity

LIQUID CULTURE FOR ISOLATING MICROORGANISMS WITH POTENTIAL TO DEGRADE METHYL PARATHION FROM AGRICULTURAL SOILS AND ORGANIC WASTE CULTIVO LÍQUIDO PARA AISLAR MICROORGANISMOS CON POTENCIAL PARA DEGRADAR METIL PARATIÓN A PARTIR DE SUELOS AGRÍCOLAS Y RESIDUOS ORGÁNICOS

The search for microorganisms with high capacity for pesticide degradation is a very interesting attempt to approach bioremediation strategies in order to prevent contamination. This study evaluates the potential of agricultural soils and solid organic waste cultures microbial isolation as a strategy for screening microorganisms with potential for Methyl parathion (MP) degradation. For the study, microbial consortia were recovered from the liquid fraction of suspension cultures of agricultural soils and solid organic waste. Then, the MP degradation ability and its toxic effect on microbial activity were determined during microbial incubations under laboratory controlled conditions. The results showed that it is not possible to recover the active microorganisms that have potential to degrade the MP from the agricultural soils. However, an active consortium that would degrade both MP and its degradation products was isolated from the organic solid waste.La búsqueda de microorganismos con alta capacidad de degradación de los plaguicidas es un intento muy interesante de acercarse a las estrategias de biorremediación con el fin de evitar la contaminación. Este estudio evalúa el potencial del cultivo de microorganismos de suelos agrícolas y de residuos sólidos orgánicos como una estrategia para la detección de microorganismos con potencial para el metil paratión (MP) la degradación. Para el estudio, consorcios microbianos fueron recuperados de la fracción líquida de los cultivos en suspensión de los suelos agrícolas y los residuos sólidos orgánicos. La capacidad de degradación de la MP y su efecto tóxico sobre la actividad microbiana se determinó durante las incubaciones de los microorganismos en condiciones controladas de laboratorio. Los resultados mostraron que no es posible recuperar los microorganismos activos que tienen potencial para degradar el MP de los suelos agrícolas. Sin embargo, un consorcio activo que degradaría tanto MP y como sus productos de degradación se aisló a partir de los residuos sólidos orgánicos

Metabolomic Analysis of Two Parmotrema Lichens: P. robustum (Degel.) Hale and P. andinum (Mull. Arg.) Hale Using UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS

Lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi with microalgae and/or cyanobacteria. Lichens belonging to the Parmeliaceae family comprise 2700 species of lichens, including the Parmotrema genus which is composed of 300 species. The metabolites of this genus include depsides, depsidones, phenolics, polysaccharides, lipids, diphenylethers and dibenzofurans, which are responsible for the biological activities reported including antidiabetic, antihelmintic, anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimitotic, antitumoral, antifungal, and antioxidant enzyme inhibitory. Due to scarce knowledge of metabolomic profiles of Parmotrema species (P. andinum and P. robustum), a full metabolome study based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography- diode array detector-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-orbitrap-mass-spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-orbitrap MS) was performed for a comprehensive characterization of their substances. From the methanolic extracts of these species, a total of 54 metabolites were identified for the first time using this hyphenated technique, including thirty compounds in P. andinum, and thirty-seven in P. robustum. Moreover, two compounds were not identified as known compounds, and could be new structures, according to our data. This report shows that this technique is effective and accurate for rapid chemical identification of lichen substances and the compounds identified could serve as chemotaxonomic markers to differentiate these ruffle lichens