High INR on warfarin

The bottom line Clarify the warfarin dose that the patient is taking, and check for co-existing problems (such as liver disease or cancer), dietary changes, and intake of alcohol and other drugs that may increase risk of bleeding or affect international normalised ratio control. Urgently refer all patients with suspected intracranial or gastrointestinal bleeding to secondary care

Effects of pressure suit and race on functional reach, static and dynamic strength

In the design of any manual workspace, it is important for the designers to have access to data that can illustrate reach capabilities under real-time work situation. Wearing bulky clothing (pressure suit) and protective restraints (seat or shoulder harness belts) is often mandatory in high acceleration work environments. Clothing and personal equipment worn can influence the functional reach and strength values since they add to the body size. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of wearing a VKK-6M pressure suit on functional reach limitations and strength values. The technology of incorporating body dimensions into cockpit design primarily evolved in western countries and therefore the only datasets available is of Caucasians. When designing equipment for populations other than westerners, western anthropometric data is inappropriate. In this thesis a representative sample of Caucasian and Asian Indian population are chosen and their reach envelopes are compared. Subjects reach and strength data are collected with and without-suit and analyzed to see the effect of pressure suit on reach and strength. The study concludes that wearing pressure suit reduces the average reach significantly (at alpha = 0.05). The 5th percentile Asian Indian and Caucasian reach envelopes are derived for placement of critical cockpit controls. Race-reach study showed a significant difference in shoulder breadth of Caucasians and Asian Indians (at alpha = 0.05), but no apparent relationship between bideltoid breadth and thumb tip reach was found. The study on significance of wearing pressure suit on strengths (at alpha = 0.05) concluded, suit does not affect static or dynamic strength

Novel Insights into Regulation of Photosynthetic Light Reactions

In oxygen-evolving photosynthesis, the balanced excitation of photosystem (PS) I and PSII complexes is required for safe and efficient utilization of light energy. During the course of evolution, plants have acquired dynamic regulatory mechanisms to control the excitation energy transfer and distribution as well as the photosynthetic electron transport. Concerted action of the regulatory mechanisms is required for the optimization of photosynthetic efficiency under changing light conditions. Short-term changes in light intensity alter the phosphorylation pattern of the PSII core and its light harvesting antenna (LHCII) proteins. Reversible phosphorylation of the LHCII proteins mediates the excitation energy distribution between the two photosystems in the so called state transitions, which are known to be dependent on the redox status of the plastoquinone pool. In this study, the analysis of the kinase mutants (stn7 and stn8) and the phosphatase mutants (pph1/tap38 and pbcp) revealed that the PPH1/TAP38 phosphatase is required for the dephosphorylation of LHCII in high light (HL). In pph1/tap38 mutant, both the PSII core and LHCII proteins are simultaneously phosphorylated upon transfer to high light, which lead to increased excitation energy distribution towards PSI, thus mimicking the effect of the state 2 light. It is also shown that the PGR5 protein, which is essential for the generation of a transthylakoid proton-gradient, is likely to be involved in the regulation of the thylakoid protein phosphorylation upon increasing light intensities. Indeed, a close cooperation between the redox and proton-gradient dependent regulatory mechanisms is required for maintaining functionality of the photosynthetic machinery. Novel information on the effects of PSII photoinhibition on the dissipation of excitation energy in the thylakoid membrane is likewise provided. It is also demonstrated that the proton gradient-dependent and PGR5-mediated control of electron transfer via the Cyt b f complex together with controlled photoinhibition of PSII limit the electron flow from PSII to PSI, thereby providing protection for the PSI complex against photodamage. Further, PSII photoinhibition is shown to lead to the phosphorylation-independent loss of thylakoid membrane lateral heterogeneity, thus allowing the oxidized P700 to act as an energy quencher. In addition, the PsbS-dependent non-photochemical quenching of excess excitation energy is revealed to enhance the spillover of the excitation energy towards PSI at low lumenal pH. Collectively, the evidence provided in this thesis has highly improved our knowledge concerning photoprotective mechanisms inside the plant cell.Fotosynteesin valoreaktiot muuttavat valoenergian kemialliseen muotoon. Reaktiot perustuvat kahteen perättäiseen valoenergiaa hyväksikäyttävään proteiinikompleksiin (valoreaktiot I ja II) ja niiden väliseen elektroninsiirtoketjuun. Jotta yhteyttämisen valoreaktiot voivat toimia tehokkaasti ilman haitallisia sivureaktioita, kaikkien osareaktioiden on tapahduttava juuri oikeassa paikassa ja oikeaan aikaan. Evoluution kuluessa kasvit ovat kehittäneet joukon säätelymekanismeja, joiden turvin valoreaktiot pystyvät toimimaan muuttuvissa valo-olosuhteissa tuhoamatta fotosynteettistä koneistoa. Valoreaktio II:n reaktiokeskusproteiinien ja valoenergiaa keräävän haavin proteiinien fosforylaatio säätelee valoreaktioiden toimintaa lyhyellä aikavälillä. Proteiinien fosforylaatiota säätelevät puolestaan sekä valon määrä että laatu, mutta kirkkaassa valossa tapahtuvan valohaaviproteiinien defosforylaation merkitys on pysynyt mysteerinä. Väitöskirjassani käytin hyväksi TAP38/PPH1 fosfataasimutanttia, joka ei pysty defosforylomaan valohaavin proteiineja. Osoitin, että valohaavin defosforylaatio korkeassa valossa takaa valoreaktioiden välisen viritystasapainon. Osoitin myös, että PGR5 proteiini liittyy valohaaviproteiinien defosforylaatioon. Saamani tulos osoitti, että valoreaktioiden säätelymekanismit toimivat keskinäisessä vuorovaikutussuhteessa. Mikäli säätelymekanismien kapasiteetti on riittämätön, valoreaktiot saattavat vaurioitua. Valorektio II vaurioituu helposti, mutta vaurio korjataan yleensä nopeasti. Tämän vuoksi valoreaktio II:n toiminta estyy ainoastaan tilanteessa, jossa korjausmekanismi ei toimi normaalisti. Valoreaktio I on yleensä suojattu valon aiheuttamalta vauriolta, mutta voi vaurioitua pysyvästi, mikäli elektronien virta valoreaktio II:lta ylittää valoreaktio I:n toimintakapasiteetin. Väitöskirjatyössäni osoitin, että valoreaktio II:n vaurioituminen suojaa valoreaktio I:stä pysyvältä vauriolta rajoittamalla elektroninsiirtoa. Valoreaktio II:n vaurioituminen ei ainoastaan vähennä elektroninsiirtoa, mutta myös aktivoi ylimääräisen viritysenergian haihduttamisen. Osoitin työssäni, että valoreaktio II:n vaurioituminen johtaa fotosynteettisten proteiinikompleksien uudelleen järjestäytymiseen viherhiukkasen sisäosien yhteyttävissä kalvoissa sallien tehokkaan viritysenergian haihduttamisen valorektio I-kompleksissa. Tässä väitöskirjassa esitetty todistusaineisto osoittaa lisäksi, että viherhiukkasen sisäosien matala pH aktivoi ylimääräisen energian haihduttamista valoreaktio I:ssä. Kokonaisuudessaan väitöskirjani pureutui fotosynteesin säätelyn perusmekanismeihin ja mekanismien välisiin vuorovaikutussuhteisiin. Tuottamani informaatio auttaa ymmärtämään, miten yhteyttämisen valosta riippuvat molekyylitason reaktiot sopeutuvat muuttuviin ympäristöolosuhteisiin sekä osaltaan myös auttaa ymmärtämään tapoja, joilla yhteyttämistä pystytään entistä tehokkaammin hyödyntämään ihmiskunnan hyväksi tulevaisuuden globaalien ongelmien ratkaisuissa.Siirretty Doriast

Learned navigation in unknown terrains: A retraction method

The problem of learned navigation of a circular robot R, of radius delta (is greater than or equal to 0), through a terrain whose model is not a-priori known is considered. Two-dimensional finite-sized terrains populated by an unknown (but, finite) number of simple polygonal obstacles are also considered. The number and locations of the vertices of each obstacle are unknown to R. R is equipped with a sensor system that detects all vertices and edges that are visible from its present location. In this context two problems are covered. In the visit problem, the robot is required to visit a sequence of destination points, and in the terrain model acquisition problem, the robot is required to acquire the complete model of the terrain. An algorithmic framework is presented for solving these two problems using a retraction of the freespace onto the Voronoi diagram of the terrain. Algorithms are then presented to solve the visit problem and the terrain model acquisition problem

Validation of Analytical Methods

Method validation is a key element in the establishment of reference methods and within the assessment of a laboratory’s competence in generating dependable analytical records. Validation has been placed within the context of the procedure, generating chemical data. Analytical method validation, thinking about the maximum relevant processes for checking the best parameters of analytical methods, using numerous relevant overall performance indicators inclusive of selectivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), ruggedness, and robustness are severely discussed in an effort to prevent their misguided utilization and ensure scientific correctness and consistency among publications

Various Deep Learning Techniques Involved In Breast Cancer Mammogram Classification – A Survey

The most common and rapidly spreading disease in the world is breast cancer. Most cases of breast cancer are observed in females. Breast cancer can be controlled with early detection. Early discovery helps to manage a lot of cases and lower the death rate. On breast cancer, numerous studies have been conducted. Machine learning is the method that is utilized in research the most frequently. There have been a lot of earlier machine learning-based studies. Decision trees, KNN, SVM, naive bays, and other machine learning algorithms perform better in their respective fields. However, a newly created method is now being utilized to categorize breast cancer. Deep learning is a recently developed method. The limitations of machine learning are solved through deep learning. Convolution neural networks, recurrent neural networks, deep belief networks, and other deep learning techniques are frequently utilized in data science. Deep learning algorithms perform better than machine learning algorithms. The best aspects of the images are extracted. CNN is employed in our study to categorize the photos. Basically, CNN is the most widely used technique to categorize images, on which our research is based

Solvability of second order delta-nabla p-laplacian m-point eigenvalue problem on time scales

In this paper, we are concerned with the following eigenvalue problem of m-point boundary value problem for p-Laplacian dynamic equation on time scales, (ϕp(u∆(t)))∇ + λh(t)f(u(t)) = 0, t ∈ [a, b]T’ u(a) − u∆(a) = m∑−2i=1u∆(ξi), u∆(b) = 0, m ≥ 3, where ϕp(u) = |u|p−2u, p > 1 and λ > 0 is a real parameter. Under certain assumptions, some new results on existence of one or two positive solutions and nonexistence are obtained for λ evaluated in different intervals by using Guo-Krasnosel’skii fixed point theorem.Publisher's Versio

Machine Learning Research On Breast And Lung Cancer Detection

As the diagnosis of these cancer cells at late stages causes greater pain and raises the likelihood of death, the initial-state cancer finding is crucial to giving the patient the proper care and reducing the risk of dying from cancer. The publication offers a chance to research breast and lung cancer detection techniques as well as various algorithms for cancer early detection. With the aid of various image kinds and test results data sets, hybrid approaches are utilized to identify lung and breast cancer based on the size and form of the cells. The basic concept of breast and lung cancer block diagram is also explained in this study, with an emphasis on the difficulties and potential future applications of cancer detection and diagnosis techniques

Dolphin landings

A female bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus measuring 225 cm and weighing 160 kg landed at Kakinada on 28 Apri