Opening the black box of mixed-metal TMP metallating reagents : direct cadmation or lithium-cadmium transmetallation?

Designed to remove some of the mystery surrounding mixed-metal TMP (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide) metallating reagents, this study examines in detail "LiCd(TMP)(3)'' in its own right. Previously established as an excellent "cadmating'' (Cd-H exchange) reagent towards a wide variety of aromatic substrates, "LiCd(TMP)(3)'' has been investigated by H-1, C-13 and Cd-113 NMR studies as well as by DOSY NMR spectroscopy. This evidence puts a question mark against its ate formulation implying it exists in THF solution as two independent homometallic amides. Exploring the reactivity of "LiCd(TMP)(3)'' with anisole as a test substrate, both experimentally by NMR studies and theoretically by DFT studies suggests a two-step lithiation/transmetallation process in which the initially formed ortho-lithiated species undergoes a reaction with Cd(TMP)(2) to form new Cd-C and Li-N bonds. For completeness, the homometallic cadmium component Cd(TMP)(2) has been comprehensively characterised for the first time including a crystal structure determination revealing a near-linear N-Cd-N arrangement

Deprotometalation-iodolysis and computed CH acidity of 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles. Application to the synthesis of resveratrol analogues

International audience1-Aryl- and 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized by N-arylation of the corresponding azoles using aryl iodides. The deprotometalations of 1-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole and -1,2,4-triazole were performed using a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino-based mixed lithium-zinc combination and occurred at the most acidic site, affording by iodolysis the 5-substituted derivatives. Dideprotonation was noted from 1-(2-thienyl)-1,2,4-triazole by increasing the amount of base. From 2-phenyl-1,2,3-triazoles, and in particular from 2-(4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl-1,2,3-triazole, reactions at the 4 position of the triazolyl, but also ortho to the triazolyl on the phenyl group, were observed. The results were analyzed with the help of the CH acidities of the substrates, determined in THF solution using the DFT B3LYP method. 4-Iodo-2-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole and 4-iodo-2-(2-iodophenyl)-1,2,3-triazole were next involved in Suzuki coupling reactions to furnish the corresponding 4-arylated and 4,2’-diarylated derivatives. When evaluated for biological activities, the latter (which are resveratrol analogues) showed moderate antibacterial activity and promising antiproliferative effect against MDA-MB-231 cell line

Structural diversity in alkali metal and alkali metal magnesiate chemistry of the bulky 2,6-diisopropyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)anilino ligand

Bulky amido ligands are precious in s-block chemistry since they can implant complementary strong basic and weak nucleophilic properties within compounds. Recent work has shown the pivotal importance of the base structure with enhancement of basicity and extraordinary regioselectivities possible for cyclic alkali metal magnesiates containing mixed n-butyl/amido ligand sets. This work advances alkali metal and alkali metal magnesiate chemistry of the bulky aryl-silyl amido ligand [N(SiMe3)(Dipp)] (Dipp = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3). Infinite chain structures of the parent sodium and potassium amides are disclosed, adding to the few known crystallographically characterised unsolvated s-block metal amides. Solvation by PMDETA or TMEDA gives molecular variants of the lithium and sodium amides; whereas for potassium, PMDETA gives a molecular structure but TMEDA affords a novel, hemi-solvated infinite chain. Crystal structures of the first magnesiate examples of this amide in [MMg{N(SiMe3)(Dipp)}2(μ-nBu)]∞ (M = Na or K), are also revealed though these breakdown to their homometallic components in donor solvent as revealed through NMR and DOSY studies

Iron-Lithium and Zinc-Lithium bimetallic bases for the funtionalization of (hetero)aromatic compounds : comparative study and applications to the azole series

Le but principal de ce travail a été de mettre en évidence le potentiel synthétique de nouvelles bases mixtes fer-lithium dans des réactions de déprotométallation en série aromatique. Dans un premier chapitre, les travaux de la littérature sur les composés fer-métal alcalin et notamment les bases ont d’abord été exposés. Notre étude a permis d’optimiser  une  nouvelle base fer-lithium et a montré la capacité de celle-ci à réaliser des réactions de déprotonation relativement chimiosélectives et efficaces. Les paramètres de la réaction de déprotométallation ont été optimisés en utilisant l’iode comme électrophile. Cette méthode a été étendue à divers hétérocycles et le piégeage subséquent à différents électrophiles. Dans un second chapitre, le comportement de la base fer-lithium développée a été comparé à celui d’autres bases bimétalliques utilisées au laboratoire. La fonctionnalisation des triazoles par ces bases a montré que la base zinc-lithium était la base la plus appropriée pour ce type de substrats. La fonctionnalisation à l’aide de cette base a donc été étendue en série indazole et benzotriazole. Les résultats ont été rationalisés en utilisant les acidités des hydrogènes des substrats (pKₐ). Dans un dernier chapitre, les méthodes développées ont été valorisées par la synthèse de 2,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles analogues du resvératrol. Les propriétés cytotoxiques de ces molécules seront évaluées. Cette application reste à approfondir.The main purpose of this work was to highlight the synthetic potential of new mixed iron-lithium bases in aromatic deprotometallation reactions. In the first chapter, literature works about iron-alkali metal compounds and notably bases were firstly presented. Our study led to the optimization of a new iron-lithium base and showed its ability to achieve rather chemoselective and efficient deprotonation reactions. The reaction parameters of deprotometallation were optimized by using iodine as the electrophile. This method was extended to various heterocycles and the subsequent trapping to different electrophiles. In a second chapter, the behaviour of the iron-lithium base developed was compared with that of other bimetallic bases used in th laboratory. The functionalization of triazoles using these bases showed that the zinc-lithium was the most suitable base for this kind of substrate. Thus, the functionalization using this base was extended to indazole and benzotriazole series. The results were rationalized by using the hydrogen acidities of the substrates (pKₐ). In the last chapter, the methods developed were made more attractive by the synthesis of 2,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles analogues of resveratrol. The cytotoxic properties of these molecules will be evaluated. This application remains to be explored

Bases bimétalliques fer-lithium et zinc-lithium pour la fonctionnalisation (hétéro)aromatique (étude comparative et applications en série azolique)

Le but principal de ce travail a été de mettre en évidence le potentiel synthétique de nouvelles bases mixtes fer-lithium dans des réactions de déprotométallation en série aromatique. Dans un premier chapitre, les travaux de la littérature sur les composés fer-métal alcalin et notamment les bases ont d abord été exposés. Notre étude a permis d optimiser une nouvelle base fer-lithium et a montré la capacité de celle-ci à réaliser des réactions de déprotonation relativement chimiosélectives et efficaces. Les paramètres de la réaction de déprotométallation ont été optimisés en utilisant l iode comme électrophile. Cette méthode a été étendue à divers hétérocycles et le piégeage subséquent à différents électrophiles. Dans un second chapitre, le comportement de la base fer-lithium développée a été comparé à celui d autres bases bimétalliques utilisées au laboratoire. La fonctionnalisation des triazoles par ces bases a montré que la base zinc-lithium était la base la plus appropriée pour ce type de substrats. La fonctionnalisation à l aide de cette base a donc été étendue en série indazole et benzotriazole. Les résultats ont été rationalisés en utilisant les acidités des hydrogènes des substrats (pK ). Dans un dernier chapitre, les méthodes développées ont été valorisées par la synthèse de 2,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles analogues du resvératrol. Les propriétés cytotoxiques de ces molécules seront évaluées. Cette application reste à approfondir.The main purpose of this work was to highlight the synthetic potential of new mixed iron-lithium bases in aromatic deprotometallation reactions. In the first chapter, literature works about iron-alkali metal compounds and notably bases were firstly presented. Our study led to the optimization of a new iron-lithium base and showed its ability to achieve rather chemoselective and efficient deprotonation reactions. The reaction parameters of deprotometallation were optimized by using iodine as the electrophile. This method was extended to various heterocycles and the subsequent trapping to different electrophiles. In a second chapter, the behaviour of the iron-lithium base developed was compared with that of other bimetallic bases used in th laboratory. The functionalization of triazoles using these bases showed that the zinc-lithium was the most suitable base for this kind of substrate. Thus, the functionalization using this base was extended to indazole and benzotriazole series. The results were rationalized by using the hydrogen acidities of the substrates (pK ). In the last chapter, the methods developed were made more attractive by the synthesis of 2,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles analogues of resveratrol. The cytotoxic properties of these molecules will be evaluated. This application remains to be explored.RENNES1-Bibl. électronique (352382106) / SudocSudocFranceF

Deprotonative metalation of aromatic compounds using mixed lithium-iron combinations.

International audienceNitrogen heterocycles such as 2-methoxypyridine and anisole and thiophene were regioselectively metalated by an iron complex [putatively LiFe(TMP)3; TMP = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyl] generated from FeCl3, FeBr3, FeBr2, FeCl2, or FeI2, butyllithium, and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine; addn. of electrophiles such as pivalaldehyde or iodine yielded alkylation or addn. compds. such as α-tert-butyl-2-methoxy-3-pyridinemethanol in addn. to dimerization byproducts. The origin of dimer formation was not detd., although mechanisms for their formation were suggested; the dependence of byproduct formation on the electrophile and on the metalated component were discussed. In particular, aldehydes gave low yields of dimerization products while other electrophiles gave dimerization byproducts in 15-41% yields; metalation of anisole and reaction with iodine gave only 2-iodoanisole and no dimerization byproduct. [on SciFinder(R)

Deproto-metallation and computed CH acidity of 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles.

International audience2-Aryl-1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized by cyclization of the corresponding glyoxal arylosazones, generated from commercial arylhydrazines. The deproto-metallation of 2-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole was attempted using different 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino-based mixed lithium-metal (Zn, Cd, Cu, Co, Fe) combinations, giving results in the case of Zn, Cd, and Cu. The lithium-zinc combination was next selected to apply the deprotonation-iodination sequence to all the 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles synthesized. The results were analyzed with the help of the CH acidities of the substrates, determined in THF solution using the DFT B3LYP method

Deproto-metallation using a mixed lithium–zinc base and computed CH acidity of 1-aryl 1H-benzotriazoles and 1-aryl 1H-indazoles

International audienceno abstrac